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Cited by 47Child Abuse and TraumaIntimate Partner and Family ViolenceMilitary, Security, and Education Studies

Using latent class analysis to empirically classify maltreatment according to the developmental timing, duration, and co-occurrence of abuse types

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Ziobrowski, Hannah N., Buka, Stephen L., Austin, S. Bryn, Sullivan, Adam J., Horton, Nicholas J., Simone, Melissa, Field, Alison E.·2020·Child Abuse & Neglect
DOI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104574PMC PMC7494521
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Abstract

Background Individuals can have vastly different maltreatment experiences depending on the types, developmental timing, and duration of abuse. Women and men may be differentially affected by distinct abuse patterns.Objective To examine whether maltreatment subgroups could be identified based on the types, developmental timing, and duration of abuse, and to determine their prevalence among a large, community-based sample. We also examined sex differences in associations of maltreatment subgroups with adverse health outcomes.Participants and setting Data came from 9310 women and men (95 % White) in the United States who responded to the Growing Up Today Study questionnaire in 2007 (aged 19-27 years).Methods Participants reported on physical, sexual, and emotional abuse occurring in childhood (before age 11 years) and adolescence (ages 11-17 years). We conducted latent class (LC) analyses using indicators for child and adolescent abuse. We examined associations of LCs with health outcomes using sex-stratified log-binomial models with generalized estimated equations.Results We identified five LCs characterized by: 1) no/low abuse (59 %), 2) child physical abuse (16 %), 3) adolescent emotional abuse (9%), 4) child and adolescent physical and emotional abuse (16 %), and 5) child and adolescent sexual abuse (1%). LCs were uniquely associated adult health outcomes among both women and men. Associations of LCs with eating disorder behaviors appeared stronger for men than women.Conclusions Individuals experience distinct patterns of maltreatment based on the types, developmental timing, and duration of abuse. These patterns are uniquely associated with adverse health outcomes in adulthood, and can be identified using LCA.

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  • Childhood sexual abuse has been found to characterize a distinct sub-group of victimized young women in community populations who differ from other sub-groups whose members experienced either or both physical or emotional abuse but not sexual abuse.

    “On the other hand, childhood sexual abuse has been found to characterize a distinct sub-group of victimized young women in community populations who differ from other sub-groups whose members experienced either or both physical or emotional abuse but not sexual abuse [195].”

    From Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder (2021) · cites this paper as [195]

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  • If any abuse is identified in children or adolescents, it is likely they have also previously experienced, are currently experiencing, or are at risk for experiencing additional forms of abuse.

    “If any abuse is identified in children or adolescents, it is likely they have also previously experienced, are currently experiencing, or are at risk for experiencing additional forms of abuse [119]”

    From Separating the Signal from the Noise: How Psychiatric Diagnoses Can Help Discern Food Addiction from Dietary Restraint (2020) · cites this paper as [119]

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Authors
Ziobrowski, H. N., Buka, S. L., Austin, S. B., Sullivan, A. J., Horton, N. J., Simone, M., & Field, A. E.
Affiliations
  • Brown University (US)
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
  • Amherst College (US)
  • University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author
Ziobrowski, Hannah N.
ORCID
Venue
Child Abuse & Neglect
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-09
Volume
107
Pages
104574
ISSN
0145-2134 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104574
PMC
PMC7494521
OpenAlex
W3035378459
Cited by
47
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 1
FWCI
2.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Child Abuse & Neglect (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Maternal and Child Health Bureau
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
Keywords
child abuse, abuse patterns, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, sex differences, eating disorder behaviors, adult health outcomes, Growing Up Today Study, latent class analysis
MeSH terms
Latent Class Analysis, Adult, Child, Child Abuse, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Prevalence, Young Adult

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