Childhood exposure to parental violence, attachment insecurities, and intimate partner violence perpetration among Arab adults in Israel

Much research on emotional IPV prevalence has been conducted in high-income countries such as the United States.

“However, much research on emotional IPV prevalence has been conducted in high-income countries such as the United States (Nikulina et al., 2021;Sokar et al., 2023).”

Bandura's (1977) SLT postulates that children who witness parental violence in their family-of-origin go on to model or mimic such violent behaviors and have greater acceptance for violence in their own intimate relationships.

“Bandura’s (1977) SLT postulates that children who witness parental violence in their family-of-origin go on to model or mimic such violent behaviors (Sokar et al., 2023) and have greater acceptance (Antle et al., 2020; Karlsson et al., 2016) for violence in their own intimate relationships.”

Sokar et al. (2023) found a significant positive relationship between men who witnessed interparental IPV during childhood and IPV perpetration in adulthood, compared to women.

“Sokar et al. (2023) found a significant positive relationship between men who witnessed interparental IPV during childhood and IPV perpetration in adulthood, compared to women.”

Insecure attachment to parental figures that expressed rejection, a lack of care, and shaming by parents were positive predictors of future IPV perpetration and higher levels of attachment insecurity over the life course.

“Insecure attachment to parental figures that expressed rejection, a lack of care, and shaming by parents were positive predictors of future IPV perpetration and higher levels of attachment insecurity over the life course (cf. Antle et al., 2020, Sokar et al., 2023).”

Endorsement of patriarchal ideology contributed to the justification of wife beating in an Israeli sample, and higher rates of witnessing IPV significantly correlated with IPV perpetration.

“Research conducted by Sokar et al. (2023) concluded that endorsement of patriarchal ideology contributed to the justification of wife beating in their Israeli sample and found that higher rates of witnessing IPV significantly correlated with IPV perpetration.”

Sokar et al. (2023) found that patriarchal ideology enforced norms of wife beating and impacted the intergenerational transmission of IPV.

“Sokar et al. (2023) findings that patriarchal ideology enforced norms of wife beating and impacted the intergenerational transmission of IPV highlights the importance of social norms and social processes in enforcing IPV (cf. Capaldi et al., 2012; Yakubovich et al., 2018).”