Why youth leave care: Understandings of adulthood and transition successes and challenges among youth aging out of child welfare
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All of these factors further impact the development of psychosocial resilience and supportive peer and adult networks.
“All of these factors further impact the development of psychosocial resilience and supportive peer and adult networks (Perry, 2006; Goodkind et al, 2011; Shook et al., 2011; Samuels & Pryce, 2008).”
From Intervention development to improve foster youth mental health by targeting coping self-efficacy and help-seeking (2023) · cites this paper as Goodkind et al, 2011
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Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties.
Arnett, J. J. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.55.5.469 · Cited by 16,843 · see citing works
Burawoy, M. (1998) · Sociological Theory · doi:10.1111/0735-2751.00040 · Cited by 2,916 · see citing works
Older youth leaving the foster care system: Who, what, when, where, and why?
McCoy, H., McMillen, J. C., & Spitznagel, E. L. (2008) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.12.003 · Cited by 105 · cited 9× · see citing works
“As increasing numbers of youth remain involved in care beyond their 18th birthdays, we must provide alternatives to congregate care that recognize and respect their need for increased autonomy, as well as giving youth more of a voice in all of the decisions about their lives (McCoy et al., 2008).”
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Hiles, D., Moss, D., Wright, J., & Dallos, R. (2013) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.10.008 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Voices of former foster youth: Supportive relationships in the transition to adulthood
Singer, E. R., Berzin, S. C., & Hokanson, K. (2013) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.10.019 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Lushey, C., & Munro, E. (2015) · doi:10.1177/1473325014559282 · Cited by 125
“…with other studies on transitions from care to adulthood, conducted by experienced researchers employing traditional approaches (Barns et al., 2005; Dixon et al., 2006; Goodkind et al., 2011; Hojer and Sjoblom, 2010; Holland et al., 2010a; McCoy et al., 2008; Ofsted, 2012; Stein and Munro, 2008).”
MethodFrom Child Welfare to Juvenile Justice
Goodkind, S. A., Shook, J. J., Kim, K. H., Pohlig, R. T., & Herring, D. J. (2012) · Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice · doi:10.1177/1541204012463409 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
“(See Goodkind et al., 2011) for a discussion of some of these negative experiences.”
BackgroundSelf-citationHousing experiences of former foster youth: How do they fare in comparison to other youth?
Berzin, S. C., Rhodes, A. M., & Curtis, M. A. (2011) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.06.018 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Social support and interdependency in transition to adulthood from child welfare services
Paulsen, V., & Berg, B. (2016) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.07.006 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Winter, V. R., Brandon-Friedman, R. A., & Ely, G. E. (2016) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.02.023 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
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Self-citationAging Out of Foster Care: Homelessness, Post-Secondary Education, and Employment
Rosenberg, R. D., & Kim, Y. (2017) · Journal of Public Child Welfare · doi:10.1080/15548732.2017.1347551 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Greeson, J. K. P., Garcia, A. R., Kim, M., Thompson, A. E., & Courtney, M. E. (2015) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.03.016 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Parenting Under Pressure: Experiences of Parenting While Aging Out of Foster Care
Schelbe, L., & Geiger, J. (2016) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-016-0472-2 · Cited by 64
“This may not be surprising as research has shown that many youth aging out experience difficulty managing relationships (Goodkind et al., 2011).”
BackgroundSelf-citationQuest, A. D., Fullerton, A., Geenen, S., & Powers, L. (2012) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.04.018 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Geiger, J. M., & Schelbe, L. A. (2013) · Journal of Public Child Welfare · doi:10.1080/15548732.2013.824398 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationShook, J., Goodkind, S., Pohlig, R. T., Schelbe, L., Herring, D., & Kim, K. H. (2011) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.2011.01110.x · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationExperiences of youth who transition to adulthood out of care: Developing a theoretical framework
Lee, C., & Berrick, J. D. (2014) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.08.005 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“In addition to tangible resources, several qualitative studies suggest a possible alignment of Côté's intangible resources to the experiences of youth aging out of care into adulthood (Gaskell, 2010; Geenen & Powers, 2007; Goodkind et al., 2011; Samuels & Pryce, 2008).”
BackgroundEstefanía, M. M., Campos, G., Bravo, A. E. R., & Resino, D. A. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01946 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
“Very often, these individuals require additional emotional and social support (Goodkind et al., 2011; Schofield et al., 2016).”
BackgroundEmerging adulthood among former system youth: The ideal versus the real
Munson, M. R., Lee, B. R., Miller, D., Cole, A., & Nedelcu, C. (2013) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.03.003 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Miller, E. A., Paschall, K. W., & Azar, S. T. (2017) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.06.047 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“Youth commonly report desires for greater independence and frustration with the constraints the system places on their choices as reasons for leaving (Courtney et al., 2014; Goodkind et al., 2011; McCoy et al., 2008).”
BackgroundTransition to Adulthood of Former Foster Youth
Pryce, J. M., Napolitano, L. J., & Samuels, G. M. (2017) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696816685231 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“For many young people aging out of care, the conflation of adulthood and independence, which often propels them to leave care as soon as possible (Goodkind et al., 2011), results in a lack of preparedness and a more limited network of support (Blakeslee, 2015) than is needed.”
BackgroundBlakeslee, J. E. (2015) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.03.014 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Ball, B., Sevillano, L., Faulkner, M., & Belseth, T. (2020) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105852 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Geiger, J., & Beltran, S. (2017) · doi:10.1080/15548732.2017.1354795 · Cited by 45
Marion, É., Paulsen, V., & Goyette, M. (2017) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-017-0494-4 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“It is important to pay attention to the few youths who appeared to be isolated, especially when several researchers have pointed to a lack of social networks, and, thereby, social support, as one of the main challenges for young people leaving state care (Blakeslee 2012; Goodkind et al. 2011; Höjer and Sjöblom 2010; P…”
BackgroundSpencer, R., Drew, A. L., Gowdy, G., & Horn, J. P. (2018) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.06.038 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Developing an on-campus recruitment and retention program for foster care alumni
Geiger, J. M., Hanrahan, J. E., Cheung, J. R., & Lietz, C. A. (2016) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.01.005 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Blakeslee, J. E., & Best, J. I. (2019) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.11.049 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Singer, E. R., & Berzin, S. C. (2014) · Journal of Public Child Welfare · doi:10.1080/15548732.2014.983290 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“Research both from Goodkind, Schelbe, and Shook (2011) and Fowler, Toro, and Miles (2011) found that youth with foster care experience face a number of challenges to young adult development, especially a lack of emotional and social support.”
BackgroundSulimani‐Aidan, Y. (2017) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.08.025 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Youth Transitioning Out of Residential Care in South Africa: Toward Ubuntu and Interdependent Living
Moodley, R., Raniga, T., & Sewpaul, V. (2020) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696818812603 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“Goodkind, Schelbe, and Shook (2011) argued that to conceive of “emerging adulthood” as a new life phase is to reinforce neoliberal thinking of adulthood which equates financial independence with independent decision-making and taking primary responsibility for one’s actions.”
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López, M. L., Santos, I., Bravo, A., & del Valle, J. F. (2012) · Anales de Psicología · doi:10.6018/analesps.29.1.130542 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Remaining in Foster Care After Age 18 and Youth Outcomes at the Transition to Adulthood: A Review
Jones, L. (2019) · Families in Society The Journal of Contemporary Social Services · doi:10.1177/1044389419847326 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“Goodkind et al. (2011) also report that many youth were unaware that they could remain in foster care or did not understand what extended care was.”
BackgroundOchieng, D. M., Olugbara, O. O., & Marks, M. M. (2017) · The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries · doi:10.1002/j.1681-4835.2017.tb00588.x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“They are largely congruent with the findings of related studies (Shook et al. 2013; Goodkind, Schelbe & Shook 2011; Bottrell, 2007; Wyn & White 1998).”
ResultExploring support for LGBTQ youth transitioning from foster care to emerging adulthood
Paul, J. C. (2020) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105481 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“I’ve changed so much within a year”: care leavers' perspectives on the aftercare planning process
Glynn, N., & Mayock, P. (2018) · Child Care in Practice · doi:10.1080/13575279.2018.1521378 · Cited by 29
Bakketeig, E., & Backe-Hansen, E. (2018) · Nordic Social Work Research · doi:10.1080/2156857x.2018.1518815 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“…a process of interdependence has been acknowledged (Propp, Ortega, and NewHeart 2003; Storø 2018) and discussed as an example of connected autonomy (Goodkind, Schelbe, and Shook 2011), supportive relationships (Hiles et al. 2013; Paulsen and Berg 2016) or agency through relationships with…”
BackgroundGrowing up fast: Implications for foster youth when independence and early adulthood collide
Morton, B. M. (2017) · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.09.028 · Cited by 26
“Goodkind et al. (2011) noted the difficulty foster youth have in creating and maintaining positive, supportive relationships.”
BackgroundResiliency and Adolescent Motherhood in the Context of Residential Foster Care
Bermea, A. M., Forenza, B., Rueda, H. A., & Toews, M. L. (2018) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-018-0574-0 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Forenza, B. (2016) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.21817 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Social networks of youth transitioning from foster care to adulthood
Rosenberg, R. D. (2019) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104520 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
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Bengtsson, T. T., & Mølholt, A. (2018) · Nordic Social Work Research · doi:10.1080/2156857x.2018.1494034 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“…of young people leaving care often highlights these young people’s lack of social relationships to support them through different phases of their lives (see for example Goodkind, Schelbe, and Shook 2011; Horrocks 1999; Höjer and Sjöblom 2010; Refaeli et al. 2017; Samuels 2008; Ward 2011).”
BackgroundSulimani‐Aidan, Y. (2020) · Children and youth services review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105075 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Transition from care: Are we continuing to set care leavers up to fail in New Zealand?
Atwool, N. (2020) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104995 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The romantic relationships of those who have experienced adoption or foster care: A meta-analysis
Bishop, H. K. D., Claxton, S. E., & van Dulmen, M. H. M. (2019) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104407 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Struggles, successes, and setbacks: Youth aging out of child welfare in a subsidized housing program
Schelbe, L. A. (2018) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.05.005 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationThe experience with independent living services for youth in care and those formerly in care
Thompson, H., Wojciak, A. S., & Cooley, M. E. (2017) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.11.012 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Factors associated with post-college success for foster care alumni college graduates
Salazar, A. M., & Schelbe, L. A. (2021) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106031 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationA Systematic Review of Internet Communication Technology Use by Youth in Foster Care
Sage, M. D., & Jackson, S. (2021) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-021-00738-z · Cited by 18 · see citing works
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Journeys of Exclusion: Unpacking the Experience of Adolescent Care Leavers in New Zealand
Atwool, N. (2016) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-55639-4_15 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Keshri, A. K. (2021) · Asian Social Work and Policy Review · doi:10.1111/aswp.12239 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Assessing Support Network Stability With Transition-Age Foster Youth
Blakeslee, J. E., & Keller, T. E. (2016) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731516678662 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Lanctôt, N. (2020) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.12736 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Blakeslee, J. E., Kothari, B. H., & Miller, R. A. (2023) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106753 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Assessing trustworthiness: Marginalized youth and the central relational paradox in treatment
Sapiro, B. (2020) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105178 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“These findings build on literature that has demonstrated the presence of the central relational paradox in foster care alumni (Goodkind et al., 2011; Kools, 1999; Samuels & Pryce, 2008), young women in a juvenile detention facility (Sparks, 2004) and low-income mothers with histories of abuse (Burton et al.”
The Influence of Policy Context on Transition Age Foster Youths' Views of Self-Sufficiency
Abrams, L. S., Curry, S. R., Lalayants, M., & Montero, L. (2016) · Journal of Social Service Research · doi:10.1080/01488376.2016.1217579 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“At the same time that policy and research have supported the benefits of extended foster care, research has shown that many TAY are also wary of relying upon others to meet their needs, particularly from government or social services (Goodkind et al., 2011; Singer, Berzin, & Hokanson, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialUngdom på vei ut av barnevernet: - Brå overgang til voksenlivet.
Paulsen, V. (2016) · doi:10.18261/issn.1891-1838-2016-01-04 · Cited by 13
Psychological Empowerment and the Pursuit of Social Change: Outcomes of Foster Youth Engagement
Forenza, B. (2016) · Journal of Public Child Welfare · doi:10.1080/15548732.2016.1140698 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Refaeli, T., Zeira, A., & Benbenishty, R. (2022) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105635 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Female Care-Leavers’ Experiences of Aftercare in Ethiopia
Takele, A., & Kotecho, M. (2020) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696819868355 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Goodkind, Schelbe, and Shook (2011) have identified two simultaneous transition experiences of youth aging out of the child welfare system: the first from the care, protection, and supervision of the child welfare system to a position of autonomy and responsibility, and the second from childhood to…”
BackgroundSchelbe, L., Randolph, K., Yelick, A., Cheatham, L. P., & Groton, D. (2018) · Journal of Evidence-Informed Social Work · doi:10.1080/23761407.2018.1436110 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“This is to be expected considering the trauma and life experiences of the former foster youth that impact their relationships and support (e.g., Goodkind et al., 2011; Hernandez & Naccarato, 2010; Watt, Norton, & Jones, 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCollins, J. L., & Thomas, L. J. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.14317 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Goodkind et al. (2011) found that 20% of young adults who left foster care had not graduated from high school and approximately 20% of their study sample were in community college or vocational programmes.”
BackgroundOterholm, I., & Paulsen, V. (2018) · Nordic Social Work Research · doi:10.1080/2156857x.2018.1450283 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Holtrop, K., Canto, A. I., Schelbe, L., Mcwey, L., Radey, M., & Montgomery, J. (2018) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/ort0000308 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation“Was Taking Me Out of the Home Necessary?” Perspectives of Foster Youth on the Necessity for Removal
Jones, L. (2015) · doi:10.1606/1044-3894.2015.96.17 · Cited by 9
“This desire for independence and autonomy has also been noted by Goodkind, Schelbe, and Shook (2011) as a significant barrier in recent efforts to extend the age eligibility for foster care assistance.”
Background‘I never win’: How children and staff in residential facilities experience meaningful participation
Slaatto, A., Baugerud, G. A., & Mellblom, A. V. (2023) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.13090 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“…find that implementation of child participation has been limited and that children's voices are often unheard or poorly heard (Cahill et al., 2016; Goodkind et al., 2011; Knorth et al., 2008; McCarthy, 2016; Moore et al., 2017; ten Brummelaar, Harder, et al., 2018; van Bijleveld et al., 2015; Vis…”
Support on the way to adulthood: challenges in the transition between social welfare systems
Tysnes, I. B., & Kiik, R. (2019) · European Journal of Social Work · doi:10.1080/13691457.2019.1602512 · Cited by 8
“Goodkind et al. (2011) have discussed the importance of rethinking welfare services offered to youth before they turn 18 years old, particularly by shifting focus towards independence training and nurturing relationships with others.”
BackgroundInfluentialPaulsen, V., & Thoresen, S. (2023) · Nordisk välfärdsforskning | Nordic Welfare Research · doi:10.18261/nwr.8.2.6 · Cited by 7
Fight, freeze or flee: Exploring youngsters’ strategies in dealing with youth care interventions
Naert, J., Roets, G., Roose, R., & Vanderplasschen, W. (2020) · Qualitative Social Work · doi:10.1177/1473325019882078 · Cited by 7
Rauktis, M. E., Kerman, B., & Phillips, C. M. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8627-5_5 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
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Self-citationWatch Me Rise: An Evaluation of Wraparound with Homeless Youth with a Child Welfare History
Lindquist-Grantz, R., Downing, K. S., Hicks, M., Houchin, C., & Ackman, V. (2022) · Children and youth services review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106587 · Cited by 6
Exploring youth voices in a pre-college program: Implications for policy, practice & research
Jackson, M. S., Dozier, K., Colvin, A. D., & Bullock, A. N. (2021) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105126 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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Transitioning to adulthood: A glance at the education system
Ladhani, S., Cullen, O., Dawes, N., & Dimitropoulos, G. (2018) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.11.024 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Subjective Well-Being of Graduates of Orphan Organizations Living in Various Settings
Oslon, V., Semya, G., Kolesnikova, U. V., & Yarovikоva, O. A. (2021) · Психологическая наука и образование · doi:10.17759/pse.2021260617 · Cited by 6
Valset, K. (2018) · Nordic Social Work Research · doi:10.1080/2156857x.2018.1457557 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“…for ageing out of care is is often characterized by weak social networks and the absence of the basic feeling of having primary care persons who are there for you ‘no matter what’ (Goodkind, Schelbe, and Shook 2011; Höjer and Sjöblom 2014; Paulsen 2016; Pinkerton and Rooney 2014; Rogers 2011).”
BackgroundCurry, S., & Abrams, L. S. (2014) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-014-0346-4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Poverty of Policy: Examining Care Leaving Policy in Ethiopia
Takele, A., Kotecho, M., & Mendes, P. (2021) · doi:10.1177/2349300320982399 · Cited by 4
“Goodkind et al. (2011) have identified two simultaneous transition experiences of youth aging out of the child welfare system: the first from the care, protection and supervision of the child welfare system to a position of autonomy and responsibility and the second from childhood to adulthood.”
BackgroundBarriers and resources in transition to adulthood among at-risk young adults
Sulimani‐Aidan, Y. (2017) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.04.015 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Raymaekers, A., Benoot, T., & Hermans, K. (2025) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.70014 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
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“In addition, tension and strains TAY may have with child welfare workers and service providers result from the frustration of feeling their voices are unheard, they have unmet needs, and from their desire for autonomy (Goodkind et al., 2011).”
Sulimani‐Aidan, Y., & Melkman, E. (2024) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107621 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ludeke, R. D. (2023) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106569 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Henson, M., Schelbe, L., & Lee, H. (2023) · Child and Youth Care Forum · doi:10.1007/s10566-023-09766-5 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“A number of studies have examined life skills development focusing on youths’ perspectives (Cunningham et al., 2013; Goodkind et al., 2011; Häggman-Laitila et al., 2019; Scannapieco et a., 2007).”
Self-citationLindquist-Grantz, R., Downing, K. A., Hicks, M. S., Houchin, C., & Ackman, V. (2022) · Collaborations A Journal of Community-Based Research and Practice · doi:10.33596/coll.83 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
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“Past negative experiences in previous helping relationships may inform a reluctance to seek help in young adulthood (Hokanson et al., 2019) and a skepticism of the effectiveness of formal services (Goodkind et al., 2011; Munson et al., 2012; Schenk et al., 2018).”
InfluentialExploring the self-efficacy of foster youth participating in a pre-college summer program
Jackson, M. S., Dozier, K., Colvin, A. D., & Bullock, A. N. (2022) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106706 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Dubov, V., Agnihotri, S., Goodman, D., & Patel, M. (2022) · International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105900 · Cited by 2
Independent Living Coordinators’ Effects on Intangible Domains in an Independent Living Program
Nathans, L., & Chaffers, L. J. (2022) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/10497315221091520 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The Creation of My Path: a Method to Strengthen Relational Autonomy for Youth with Complex Needs
Bramsen, I., Kuiper, C. H. Z., Willemse, K., & Cardol, M. (2021) · Journal of Applied Youth Studies · doi:10.1007/s43151-020-00029-x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Dierkhising, C. B., Geiger, J. M., Hurst, T. E., Panlilio, C. C., & Schelbe, L. A. (2015) · Child maltreatment · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16327-7_3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationRefaeli, T., Sold, A., Dvori, M., Benbenishty, R., & Zeira, A. (2025) · Children and youth services review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108734 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Care leavers’ employment experiences and outcomes: Choices and Social structures
Rambajue, R., & O’Connor, C. D. (2025) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108599 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kelebek, Ö., & Kucur, F. (2025) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.13273 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Khan, A. K. M. Z., & Ungar, M. T. (2024) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/10497315241280547 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Having less stable social networks than those peers and without the same opportunities to receive support from their families (Goodkind et al., 2011; Höjer & Sjöblom, 2014), young people in care require continued practical, economic, and emotional support to transition to adulthood (Rogers, 2011;…”
Woodgate, R. L., Bennett, M., Martin, D., Tennent, P., Sandy, C., Plaut, S., Legras, N., Bell, A., & Lys, J. (2024) · International Journal of Child, Youth & Family Studies · doi:10.18357/ijcyfs152202422045 · Cited by 1
“…decline an AYA or leave prior to its expiration is not known, a number of studies have found that many youth in their samples have done so, and have expressed that they feel too much under the control of CFS (Bennett, 2016; Goodkind et al., 2011; Lalonde et al., 2021; Rutman & Hubberstey, 2016).”
BackgroundSocial Network Enhancement: Bridging and Bonding the Social Networks of Child Welfare Involved Youth
Okland, I., Oterholm, I., & Brady, E. (2024) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.13202 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Goodkind, S., Schelbe, L. A., & Shook, J. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goodkind, Sara
- Venue
- Children and Youth Services Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-06
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1039-1048
- ISSN
- 0190-7409 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2003650291
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 19.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Children and Youth Services Review (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Youth Education and Societal Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Children's Rights and Participation
- Keywords
- young people leaving care, coming of age, autonomy and independence, child welfare policy, youth development, supportive relationships, child welfare involvement
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