Cited by 246Cancer Immunotherapy and BiomarkersImmunotherapy and Immune ResponsesT-cell and B-cell Immunology

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The efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cold cancers and future perspectives

Majidpoor, Jamal, Mortezaee, Keywan·2021·Clinical Immunology

DOI 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108707

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC), and breast, ovarian, pancreatic and prostate cancers are generally considered as low immune-reactive cancers that represent either limited infiltration of immune cells or extensive infiltration of immunosuppressive T cells. Interaction between programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) with programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1) is important for immune evasion. Tumors positive for PD-L1 generally show higher responses to the immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI); however, the high presence of PD-L1 in a tumor is a predictor of poor prognosis. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, but responses to the ICI is meaningful. It seems that in a tumor both the PD-L1 expression and TIL infiltration is required for improving responses to the anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. Combination of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 with immune modulatory drugs, such as C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) or transforming growth factor (TGF)-β inhibitors has shown meaningful clinical benefits.

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Authors: Majidpoor, J., & Mortezaee, K.
Affiliations: Gonabad University of Medical Sciences (IR)
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (IR)
Corresponding author: Mortezaee, Keywan
ORCID: Majidpoor, Jamal
Mortezaee, Keywan
Venue: Clinical Immunology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2021-05
Volume: 226
Pages: 108707
ISSN: 1521-6616 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108707
OpenAlex: W3134731856
Cited by: 236
References: 123
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 77 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 22
FWCI: 6.36
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Clinical Immunology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Keywords: PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, immune checkpoint inhibitors, cold tumors, immune evasion, triple-negative breast cancer, colorectal cancer, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, PD-L1 expression, CXCR4, PARP inhibitors, TGF-β inhibitors, combination immunotherapy
MeSH terms: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Humans, Immunologic Factors, Immunotherapy, Neoplasms, T-Lymphocytes, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating, B7-H1 Antigen, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor

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The efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cold cancers and future perspectives

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