Intratumoral T Cells, Recurrence, and Survival in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Although tumor-infiltrating T cells have been documented in ovarian carcinoma, a clear association with clinical outcome has not been established. METHODS: We performed immunohistochemical analysis of 186 frozen specimens from advanced-stage ovarian carcinomas to assess the distribution of tumor-infiltrating T cells and conducted outcome analyses. Molecular analyses were performed in some tumors by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: CD3+ tumor-infiltrating T cells were detected within tumor-cell islets (intratumoral T cells) in 102 of the 186 tumors (54.8 percent); they were undetectable in 72 tumors (38.7 percent); the remaining 12 tumors (6.5 percent) could not be evaluated. There were significant differences in the distributions of progression-free survival and overall survival according to the presence or absence of intratumoral T cells (P<0.001 for both comparisons). The five-year overall survival rate was 38.0 percent among patients whose tumors contained T cells and 4.5 percent among patients whose tumors contained no T cells in islets. Significant differences in the distributions of progression-free survival and overall survival according to the presence or absence of intratumoral T cells (P<0.001 for both comparisons) were also seen among 74 patients with a complete clinical response after debulking and platinum-based chemotherapy: the five-year overall survival rate was 73.9 percent among patients whose tumors contained T cells and 11.9 percent among patients whose tumors contained no T cells in islets. The presence of intratumoral T cells independently correlated with delayed recurrence or delayed death in multivariate analysis and was associated with increased expression of interferon-gamma, interleukin-2, and lymphocyte-attracting chemokines within the tumor. The absence of intratumoral T cells was associated with increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of intratumoral T cells correlates with improved clinical outcome in advanced ovarian carcinoma.
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Previous studies demonstrated that the amount of active T-cells is positively correlated with the success of immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
“Previous studies have demonstrated that the amount of active T-cells is positively correlated with the success of immune checkpoint blockade therapy36,37”
From Inhibition of PCSK9 potentiates immune checkpoint therapy for cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [36]
The ‘Intratumoral T Cells and Clinical Outcome’ section reports that patients with intratumoral T cells had longer progression-free and overall survival, and the discussion describes evidence that those T cells were activated. The paper does not examine immune checkpoint blockade or show that the amount of active T cells predicts its success; its finding concerns T-cell presence and outcomes in ovarian cancer. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIdentification of tumor-specific T cells is linked to favorable outcomes in various human cancers.
“A series of studies have shown that the identification of tumor-specific T cells is linked to favorable outcomes in various human cancers [63].”
From Current and Future Trends of Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Exploring Advances in Immunotherapy (2024) · cites this paper as [63]
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes including CD8 T cells correlate with clinical outcomes in multiple tumor types including ovarian and bladder cancer.
“It was later shown that TILs, including CD8 T cells, correlated with clinical outcomes in multiple tumor types, including ovarian cancer and bladder cancer (146, 147).”
From The Next Decade of Immune Checkpoint Therapy (2021) · cites this paper as [146]
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- Authors
- Zhang, L., Conejo-Garcia, J. R., Katsaros, D., Gimotty, P. A., Massobrio, M., Regnani, G., Makrigiannakis, A., Gray, H., Schlienger, K., Liebman, M. N., Rubin, S. C., & Coukos, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of Turin (IT)
- University Hospital of Heraklion (GR)
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2003-01-16
- Volume
- 348
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 203-213
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2137074525
- Cited by
- 3,397
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 82 · 2025: 115 · 2024: 135 · 2023: 190 · 2022: 198 · 2021: 247 · 2020: 208 · 2019: 204 · 2018: 199 · 2017: 206 · 2016: 186 · 2015: 187 · 2014: 128 · 2013: 151 · 2012: 138
- FWCI
- 68.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA-83638, P50CA083638)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
- Keywords
- intratumoral T cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, epithelial ovarian cancer, tumor recurrence, overall survival, progression-free survival, CD3+ T cells, interferon-gamma, interleukin-2, chemokines, vascular endothelial growth factor, platinum-based chemotherapy, cytoreductive surgery, prognostic factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Ovarian Neoplasms, T-Lymphocytes, Multivariate Analysis, Survival Analysis, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating, Disease Progression
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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