Cited by 403Lower Extremity Biomechanics and PathologiesSports Performance and TrainingSports injuries and prevention

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Gait retraining to reduce lower extremity loading in runners

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Crowell, Harrison Philip, Davis, Irene S.·2011·Clinical Biomechanics

DOI 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2010.09.003PMC PMC3014399

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Abstract

Background tibial stress fractures, which are among the most common running related injuries, have been associated with increased lower extremity loading (i.e., peak positive acceleration of the tibia, vertical force impact peak, and average and instantaneous vertical force loading rates) during initial contact. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a gait retraining program designed to reduce this loading during running and to assess the short-term persistence of these reductions.Methods ten runners (six females and four males) with peak positive tibial acceleration greater than 8g, measured in an initial screening, participated in the retraining program. During the retraining sessions, subjects ran on a treadmill and received real-time visual feedback from an accelerometer attached to their distal tibias. Tibial acceleration and vertical ground reaction force data were collected from subjects during overground data collection sessions held pre-training, post-training, and at a 1-month follow-up.Findings peak positive acceleration of the tibia, vertical force impact peak, and average and instantaneous vertical force loading rates were all reduced immediately following the gait retraining. The decrease in tibial acceleration was nearly 50%. The reductions in vertical force loading rates and vertical force impact peak were approximately 30% and 20%, respectively. These reductions were maintained at the 1-month follow-up.Interpretation subjects were able to run with reduced tibial acceleration and vertical force loading immediately following completion of the gait retraining program and at the 1-month follow-up evaluation. This may reduce their risk of stress fractures.

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Authors: Crowell, H. P., & Davis, I. S.
Affiliations: University of Delaware (US)
Corresponding author: Crowell, Harrison Philip
ORCID: Crowell, Harrison Philip
Davis, Irene S.
Venue: Clinical Biomechanics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2011-01
Volume: 26
Issue: 1
Pages: 78-83
ISSN: 0268-0033 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2010.09.003
PMC: PMC3014399
OpenAlex: W2129442430
Cited by: 403
References: 45
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 16
FWCI: 7.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Clinical Biomechanics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (1s10rr022396-01)
National Center for Research Resources (S10 RR-022396, 1S10 RR022396)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD050679)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports injuries and prevention
Keywords: gait retraining, tibial stress fracture, running injuries, lower limb loading, tibial acceleration, vertical ground reaction force, real-time visual feedback, accelerometer, treadmill running, overground running, injury prevention
MeSH terms: Acceleration, Adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Female, Gait, Humans, Male, Retrospective Studies, Running, Stress, Mechanical, Tibia, Tibial Fractures, Time Factors, Fractures, Stress

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Gait retraining to reduce lower extremity loading in runners

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