The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-β is an alternative upstream kinase for AMP-activated protein kinase
Open accessAbstract
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a critical regulator of energy balance at both the cellular and whole-body levels. Two upstream kinases have been reported to activate AMPK in cell-free assays, i.e., the tumor suppressor LKB1 and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase. However, evidence that this is physiologically relevant currently only exists for LKB1. We now report that there is a significant basal activity and phosphorylation of AMPK in LKB1-deficient cells that can be stimulated by Ca2+ ionophores, and studies using the CaMKK inhibitor STO-609 and isoform-specific siRNAs show that CaMKKbeta is required for this effect. CaMKKbeta also activates AMPK much more rapidly than CaMKKalpha in cell-free assays. K(+)-induced depolarization in rat cerebrocortical slices, which increases intracellular Ca2+ without disturbing cellular adenine nucleotide levels, activates AMPK, and this is blocked by STO-609. Our results suggest a potential Ca(2+)-dependent neuroprotective pathway involving phosphorylation and activation of AMPK by CaMKKbeta.
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“Liver kinase B 1 (LKB1) [32] and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CAMKK) 2 [33,34] can be employed as the two main mammalian upstream molecules that phosphorylate AMPK.”
From AMPK, Mitochondrial Function, and Cardiovascular Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [34]
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Kahn, B. B., Alquier, T., Carling, D., & Hardie, D. G. (2005) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2004.12.003 · Cited by 2,799
Self-citationOWEN, M. R., DORAN, E., & HALESTRAP, A. P. (2000) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj3480607 · Cited by 2,157
Shaw, R. J., Kosmatka, M., Bardeesy, N., Hurley, R. L., Witters, L. A., DePinho, R. A., & Cantley, L. C. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0308061100 · Cited by 1,797
Hawley, S. A., Boudeau, J., Reid, J. L., Mustard, K. J., Udd, L., Mäkelä, T. P., Alessi, D. R., & Hardie, D. G. (2003) · Journal of Biology · doi:10.1186/1475-4924-2-28 · Cited by 1,694
Self-citationLKB1 is the upstream kinase in the AMP-activated protein kinase cascade
Woods, A., Johnstone, S. R., Dickerson, K., Leiper, F. C., Fryer, L. G. D., Neumann, D., Schlattner, U., Wallimann, T., Carlson, M., & Carling, D. (2003) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2003.10.031 · Cited by 1,650
El-Mir, M.-Y., Nogueira, V., Fontaine, E., Avéret, N., Rigoulet, M., & Leverve, X. (2000) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.275.1.223 · Cited by 1,399
LKB1 is a master kinase that activates 13 kinases of the AMPK subfamily, including MARK/PAR‐1
Lizcano, J. M., Göransson, O., Toth, R., Deak, M., Morrice, N. A., Boudeau, J., Hawley, S. A., Udd, L., Mäkelä, T. P., Hardie, D. G., et al. (2004) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600110 · Cited by 1,381
Self-citationThe specificities of protein kinase inhibitors: an update
BAIN, J., McLAUCHLAN, H., ELLIOTT, M., & COHEN, P. (2003) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20021535 · Cited by 1,369
Self-citationHawley, S. A., Davison, M., Woods, A., Davies, S. P., Beri, R. K., Carling, D., & Hardie, D. G. (1996) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.271.44.27879 · Cited by 1,264
Self-citationThe AMP-activated protein kinase pathway – new players upstream and downstream
Hardie, D. G. (2004) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.01540 · Cited by 1,163
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AMPK: a nutrient and energy sensor that maintains energy homeostasis
Hardie, D. G., Ross, F. A., & Hawley, S. A. (2012) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm3311 · Cited by 4,602
Self-citationAMPK: guardian of metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis
Herzig, S., & Shaw, R. J. (2017) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.95 · Cited by 4,192
The AMPK signalling pathway coordinates cell growth, autophagy and metabolism
Mihaylova, M. M., & Shaw, R. J. (2011) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb2329 · Cited by 2,923
The selectivity of protein kinase inhibitors: a further update
Bain, J., Plater, L., Elliott, M., Shpiro, N., Hastie, C. J., McLauchlan, H., Klevernic, I. V., Arthur, J. S. C., Alessi, D. R., & Cohen, P. (2007) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20070797 · Cited by 2,522
Self-citationAMP-activated/SNF1 protein kinases: conserved guardians of cellular energy
Hardie, D. G. (2007) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2249 · Cited by 2,261
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hawley, S. A., Pan, D. A., Mustard, K. J., Ross, L., Bain, J., Edelman, A. M., Frenguelli, B. G., & Hardie, D. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Dundee (GB)
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hardie, D. Grahame
- Venue
- Cell Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-07
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9-19
- ISSN
- 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2067979493
- Cited by
- 1,589
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 41 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 64 · 2018: 84 · 2017: 82 · 2016: 84 · 2015: 92 · 2014: 77 · 2013: 84 · 2012: 118
- FWCI
- 27.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Keywords
- AMPK, CaMKKβ, LKB1, AMPK activation, upstream kinases, calcium ionophore, STO-609, potassium depolarization, intracellular calcium, neuroprotection, energy metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Calcimycin, Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, Adenosine Diphosphate, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Benzimidazoles, Brain, Enzyme Activation, Fibroblasts, HeLa Cells, Humans, Isoquinolines, Multienzyme Complexes, Phosphoprotein Phosphatases, Phosphorylation, Substrate Specificity, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, RNA, Small Interfering, Mice, Rats, Naphthalimides, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, In Vitro Techniques
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