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Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-β is an alternative upstream kinase for AMP-activated protein kinase
Open accessAbstract
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a critical regulator of energy balance at both the cellular and whole-body levels. Two upstream kinases have been reported to activate AMPK in cell-free assays, i.e., the tumor suppressor LKB1 and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase. However, evidence that this is physiologically relevant currently only exists for LKB1. We now report that there is a significant basal activity and phosphorylation of AMPK in LKB1-deficient cells that can be stimulated by Ca2+ ionophores, and studies using the CaMKK inhibitor STO-609 and isoform-specific siRNAs show that CaMKKbeta is required for this effect. CaMKKbeta also activates AMPK much more rapidly than CaMKKalpha in cell-free assays. K(+)-induced depolarization in rat cerebrocortical slices, which increases intracellular Ca2+ without disturbing cellular adenine nucleotide levels, activates AMPK, and this is blocked by STO-609. Our results suggest a potential Ca(2+)-dependent neuroprotective pathway involving phosphorylation and activation of AMPK by CaMKKbeta.
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“Liver kinase B 1 (LKB1) [32] and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CAMKK) 2 [33,34] can be employed as the two main mammalian upstream molecules that phosphorylate AMPK.”
From AMPK, Mitochondrial Function, and Cardiovascular Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [34]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Hawley, S. A., Pan, D. A., Mustard, K. J., Ross, L., Bain, J., Edelman, A. M., Frenguelli, B. G., & Hardie, D. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Dundee (GB)
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hardie, D. Grahame
- Venue
- Cell Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-07
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9-19
- ISSN
- 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2067979493
- Cited by
- 1,589
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 41 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 64 · 2018: 84 · 2017: 82 · 2016: 84 · 2015: 92 · 2014: 77 · 2013: 84 · 2012: 118
- FWCI
- 27.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Keywords
- AMPK, CaMKKβ, LKB1, AMPK activation, upstream kinases, calcium ionophore, STO-609, potassium depolarization, intracellular calcium, neuroprotection, energy metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Calcimycin, Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, Adenosine Diphosphate, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Benzimidazoles, Brain, Enzyme Activation, Fibroblasts, HeLa Cells, Humans, Isoquinolines, Multienzyme Complexes, Phosphoprotein Phosphatases, Phosphorylation, Substrate Specificity, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, RNA, Small Interfering, Mice, Rats, Naphthalimides, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, In Vitro Techniques
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