The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
FGF21 Signals to Glutamatergic Neurons in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus to Suppress Carbohydrate Intake
Open accessAbstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an endocrine hormone produced by the liver that regulates nutrient and metabolic homeostasis. FGF21 production is increased in response to macronutrient imbalance and signals to the brain to suppress sugar intake and sweet-taste preference. However, the central targets mediating these effects have been unclear. Here, we identify FGF21 target cells in the hypothalamus and reveal that FGF21 signaling to glutamatergic neurons is both necessary and sufficient to mediate FGF21-induced sugar suppression and sweet-taste preference. Moreover, we show that FGF21 acts directly in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) to specifically regulate sucrose intake, but not non-nutritive sweet-taste preference, body weight, or energy expenditure. Finally, our data demonstrate that FGF21 affects neuronal activity by increasing activation and excitability of neurons in the VMH. Thus, FGF21 signaling to glutamatergic neurons in the VMH is an important component of the neurocircuitry that functions to regulate sucrose intake.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“FGF21 increases the sensitivity of both glucose-excited and glucose-inhibited neurons in the VMH in response to increased, but not decreased, glucose concentrations48.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“KLB expression is primarily restricted to specific metabolic tissues (for example, the liver, pancreas and adipose tissue)5, and lower expression is observed in the brain22,48–50. Despite some reports to the contrary51,52, KLB is not expressed in muscle5,41.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“In contrast to the reported restriction of KLB expression to the suprachiasmatic nucleus49, KLB is expressed in numerous cell types and regions throughout the hypothalamus48 (and CNS).”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“FGF21 accomplishes this action by increasing the excitability of KLB+ neurons in the VMH48.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“While physiological FGF21 signalling to glutamatergic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus regulates basal sucrose intake22,48, FGF21 signalling to glutamatergic neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is required for FGF21-mediated suppression of simple-sugar intake48.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“Recent work has demonstrated that FGF21 signals directly to glutamatergic, but not GABAergic or dopaminergic, neurons in regulating simple-sugar intake and sweet-taste preference48.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“these same neurons are dispensable in FGF21-mediated increases in energy expenditure.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“These findings indicate that FGF21 signals through distinct populations of neurons, thereby mediating effects on macronutrient intake and energy expenditure48.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“FGF21 signaling to the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is required for its effects on lowering carbohydrate intake but not non-nutritive sweet-taste preference or body weight.”
From Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver (2021) · cites this paper as [173]
In the citing paper
“Recent research demonstrated that FGF21 signaling to glutamatergic neurons lowers carbohydrate intake and non-nutritive sweet-taste preference in mice [173].”
From Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver (2021) · cites this paper as [173]
In the citing paper
“FGF21 enhances the activity of VMH glucose-sensing neurons in response to glucose presumably to regulate carbohydrate intake [173].”
From Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver (2021) · cites this paper as [173]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis
Schneider, C. A., Rasband, W. S., & Eliceiri, K. W. (2012) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.2089 · Cited by 64,638
Comprehensive Integration of Single-Cell Data
Stuart, T., Butler, A., Hoffman, P., Hafemeister, C., Papalexi, E., Mauck, W. M., Hao, Y., Stoeckius, M., Smibert, P., & Satija, R. (2019) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.05.031 · Cited by 15,453
A robust and high-throughput Cre reporting and characterization system for the whole mouse brain
Madisen, L., Zwingman, T. A., Sunkin, S. M., Oh, S. W., Zariwala, H. A., Gu, H., Ng, L. L., Palmiter, R. D., Hawrylycz, M. J., Jones, A. R., et al. (2010) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2467 · Cited by 6,907
A resource of Cre driver lines for genetic targeting of GABAergic neurons in cerebral cortex
Taniguchi, H., He, M., Wu, P., Kim, S., Paik, R., Sugino, K., Kvitsani, D., Fu, Y., Lu, J., Lin, Y., et al. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.07.026 · Cited by 1,828
Chan, K. Y., Jang, M. J., Yoo, B. B., Greenbaum, A., Ravi, N., Wu, W.-L., Sánchez-Guardado, L., Lois, C., Mazmanian, S. K., Deverman, B. E., et al. (2017) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4593 · Cited by 1,578
Leptin Action on GABAergic Neurons Prevents Obesity and Reduces Inhibitory Tone to POMC Neurons
Vong, L., Ye, C., Yang, Z., Choi, B. J., Chua, S. C., & Lowell, B. B. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.028 · Cited by 1,237
Divergence of Melanocortin Pathways in the Control of Food Intake and Energy Expenditure
Balthasar, N., Dalgaard, L. T., Lee, C. E., Yu, J. H., Funahashi, H., Williams, T. B., Ferreira, M. A. R., Tang, V., McGovern, R. A., Kenny, C. D., et al. (2005) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.035 · Cited by 1,107
Solon-Biet, S. M., McMahon, A. C., Ballard, J. W. O., Ruohonen, K., Wu, L. E., Cogger, V. C., Warren, A., Huang, X., Pichaud, N., Melvin, R. G., et al. (2014) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.02.009 · Cited by 904
The effects of LY2405319, an FGF21 analog, in obese human subjects with type 2 diabetes
Gaich, G., Chien, J. Y., Fu, H., Glass, L. C., Deeg, M. A., Holland, W. L., Kharitonenkov, A., Bumol, T., Schilske, H. K., & Moller, D. E. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.08.005 · Cited by 885
Hypothalamic circuits regulating appetite and energy homeostasis: pathways to obesity
Timper, K., & Brüning, J. C. (2017) · Disease Models & Mechanisms · doi:10.1242/dmm.026609 · Cited by 851
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Flippo, K. H., & Potthoff, M. J. (2021) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-021-00354-2 · Cited by 311
Self-citationMolecular aspects of fructose metabolism and metabolic disease
Herman, M. A., & Birnbaum, M. J. (2021) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2021.09.010 · Cited by 315
Metabolic and Signaling Roles of Ketone Bodies in Health and Disease
Puchalska, P., & Crawford, P. A. (2021) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-111120-111518 · Cited by 304
Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver
Jensen-Cody, S. O., & Potthoff, M. J. (2021) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101138 · Cited by 252
Self-citationTillman, E. J., & Rolph, T. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.601290 · Cited by 214
Mitochondria as Cellular and Organismal Signaling Hubs
Shen, K., Pender, C. L., Bar‐Ziv, R., Zhang, H., Wickham, K., Willey, E., Durieux, J., Ahmad, Q., & Dillin, A. G. (2022) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-015303 · Cited by 214
Harrison, S. A., Rolph, T., Knott, M., & Dubourg, J. (2024) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2024.04.034 · Cited by 179
FGF21: A Novel Regulator of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Whole-Body Energy Balance
Szczepańska, E., & Gietka‐Czernel, M. (2022) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/a-1778-4159 · Cited by 155
New developments in the biology of fibroblast growth factors
Ornitz, D. M., & Itoh, N. (2022) · WIREs Mechanisms of Disease · doi:10.1002/wsbm.1549 · Cited by 147
Circadian Rhythms of the Hypothalamus: From Function to Physiology
Drunen, R. V., & Eckel‐Mahan, K. L. (2021) · Clocks & Sleep · doi:10.3390/clockssleep3010012 · Cited by 146
Stress-induced FGF21 and GDF15 in obesity and obesity resistance
Keipert, S., & Ost, M. (2021) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2021.08.008 · Cited by 132
FGF21 suppresses alcohol consumption through an amygdalo-striatal circuit
Flippo, K. H., Trammell, S. A. J., Gillum, M. P., Aklan, İ., Perez, M. B., Yavuz, Y., Smith, N. K., Jensen-Cody, S. O., Zhou, B., Claflin, K. E., et al. (2022) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2021.12.024 · Cited by 119
Self-citationBaruch, A., Wong, C., Chinn, L. W., Vaze, A., Sonoda, J., Gelzleichter, T., Chen, S., Lewin-Koh, N., Morrow, L., Dheerendra, S., et al. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2012073117 · Cited by 95
Henriksson, E., & Andersen, B. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.601349 · Cited by 97
How does the skeletal muscle communicate with the brain in health and disease?
Isaac, A. R., Lima‐Filho, R. A. S., & Lourenco, M. V. (2021) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108744 · Cited by 99
FGF19 and FGF21: In NASH we trust
Talukdar, S., & Kharitonenkov, A. (2020) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101152 · Cited by 82
Normal and Pathological NRF2 Signalling in the Central Nervous System
Heurtaux, T., Bouvier, D. S., Bénani, A., Helgueta, S., Frauenknecht, K. B. M., Mittelbronn, M. G. A., & Sinkkonen, L. (2022) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox11081426 · Cited by 79
FGF21 reverses MASH through coordinated actions on the CNS and liver
Rose, J. P., Morgan, D. A., Sullivan, A. I., Fu, X., Inigo-Vollmer, M., Burgess, S. C., Meyerholz, D. K., Rahmouni, K., & Potthoff, M. J. (2025) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2025.04.014 · Cited by 75
Self-citationThe potential function and clinical application of FGF21 in metabolic diseases
Chen, Z., Yang, L., Liu, Y., Huang, P., Song, H., & Zheng, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1089214 · Cited by 73
Spann, R. A., Morrison, C. D., & den Hartigh, L. J. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.802541 · Cited by 76
Metabolic Crosstalk between Liver and Brain: From Diseases to Mechanisms
Yang, X., Qiu, K., Jiang, Y., Huang, Y., Zhang, Y., & Liao, Y. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25147621 · Cited by 75
Phan, P., Saikia, B. B., Sonnaila, S., Agrawal, S., Alraawi, Z., Kumar, T. K. S., & Iyer, S. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10092418 · Cited by 70
Prolonged breastfeeding protects from obesity by hypothalamic action of hepatic FGF21
Pena-León, V., Folgueira, C., Barja-Fernández, S., Pérez-Lois, R., Lima, N. D. S., Martin, M. J., Heras, V., Martínez-Martínez, S., Valero, P., Iglesias, C., et al. (2022) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-022-00602-z · Cited by 76
Protein appetite as an integrator in the obesity system: the protein leverage hypothesis
Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2023) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2022.0212 · Cited by 70
Visceral adiposity, inflammation, and hippocampal function in obesity
Stranahan, A. M. (2021) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108920 · Cited by 63
Adaptive and maladaptive roles for ChREBP in the liver and pancreatic islets
Katz, L. S., Baumel-Alterzon, S., Scott, D. K., & Herman, M. A. (2021) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100623 · Cited by 60
Skeletal Muscle and Bone – Emerging Targets of Fibroblast Growth Factor-21
Sun, H., Sherrier, M. C., & Li, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.625287 · Cited by 54
Brain circuits for promoting homeostatic and non-homeostatic appetites
Ahn, B. H., Kim, M., & Kim, S. (2022) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s12276-022-00758-4 · Cited by 53
Adipokines as Clinically Relevant Therapeutic Targets in Obesity
Würfel, M., Blüher, M., Stümvoll, M., Ebert, T., Kovacs, P. L., Tönjes, A., & Breitfeld, J. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11051427 · Cited by 56
Flippo, K. H., Jensen-Cody, S. O., Claflin, K. E., & Potthoff, M. J. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76593-2 · Cited by 49
Self-citationMulti-organ FGF21-FGFR1 signaling in metabolic health and disease
Kaur, N., Gare, S. R., Shen, J., Raja, R., Fonseka, O., & Liu, W. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.962561 · Cited by 49
The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Dietary Methionine Restriction
Fang, H., Stone, K. P., Wanders, D., Forney, L. A., & Gettys, T. W. (2022) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-062320-111849 · Cited by 47
FGF-based drug discovery: advances and challenges
Chen, G., Chen, L., Li, X., & Mohammadi, M. (2025) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41573-024-01125-w · Cited by 51
Le, T. D. V., Fathi, P. A., Watters, A. B., Ellis, B. J., Besing, G.-L. K., Bozadjieva-Kramer, N., Perez, M. B., Sullivan, A. I., Rose, J. P., Baggio, L. L., et al. (2023) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101718 · Cited by 49
Self-citationAn integrative approach to dietary balance across the life course
Raubenheimer, D., Senior, A. M., Mirth, C. K., Cui, Z., Hou, R., Couteur, D. G. L., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Léopold, P., & Simpson, S. J. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104315 · Cited by 50
Central FGF21 production regulates memory but not peripheral metabolism
Zhou, B., Claflin, K. E., Flippo, K. H., Sullivan, A. I., Asghari, A., Tadinada, S. M., Jensen-Cody, S. O., Abel, T. G., & Potthoff, M. J. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111239 · Cited by 43
Self-citationToward reconciling the roles of FGF21 in protein appetite, sweet preference, and energy expenditure
Solon‐Biet, S. M., Clark, X., Bell-Anderson, K. S., Rusu, P. M., Perks, R., Freire, T., Pulpitel, T., Senior, A. M., Hoy, A. J., Aung, O., et al. (2023) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113536 · Cited by 43
Norwitz, N. G., Soto-Mota, A., Kaplan, B., Ludwig, D. S., Budoff, M. J., Kontush, A., & Feldman, D. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo12050460 · Cited by 41
Beta-klotho in type 2 diabetes mellitus: From pathophysiology to therapeutic strategies
Hua, S., Liu, Q., Li, J., Fan, M., Yan, K., & Ye, D. (2021) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-021-09661-1 · Cited by 39
Claflin, K. E., Sullivan, A. I., Naber, M. C., Flippo, K. H., Morgan, D. A., Neff, T. J., Jensen-Cody, S. O., Zhu, Z., Zingman, L. V., Rahmouni, K., et al. (2022) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101564 · Cited by 37
Self-citationLiver Brain Interactions: Focus on FGF21 a Systematic Review
Prida, E., Álvarez-Delgado, S., Pérez-Lois, R., Soto-Tielas, M., Estany‐Gestal, A., Fernø, J., Seoane, L. M., Quiñones, M., & Al–Massadi, O. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232113318 · Cited by 40
Low Protein Diets and Energy Balance: Mechanisms of Action on Energy Intake and Expenditure
Pezeshki, A., & Chelikani, P. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.655833 · Cited by 36
Ventromedial hypothalamic OGT drives adipose tissue lipolysis and curbs obesity
Wang, Q., Zhang, B., Stutz, B., Liu, Z. W., Horváth, T. L., & Yang, X. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abn8092 · Cited by 34
Glucagon receptor signaling regulates weight loss via central KLB receptor complexes
Nason, S. R., Antipenko, J., Presedo, N., Cunningham, S. E., Pierre, T. H., Kim, T., Paul, J. R., Holleman, C., Young, M. E., Gamble, K. L., et al. (2021) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.141323 · Cited by 34
Protein Appetite at the Interface between Nutrient Sensing and Physiological Homeostasis
Khan, M. S. H., Spann, R. A., Münzberg, H., Yu, S., Albaugh, V. L., He, Y., Berthoud, H., & Morrison, C. D. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13114103 · Cited by 35
En, M., Kazantseva, A. Y., Dubinina, A., Jakovleva, T., Balybina, N., Baranov, K. O., & Бажан, Н. М. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms221910561 · Cited by 33
Linking Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Brain Disease: Focusing on Bile Acid Signaling
Ren, Z., Li, C.-X., Ma, C., Chen, D., Chen, J., Xu, W., Chen, C.-A., Cheng, F., & Wang, X. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232113045 · Cited by 32
Fibroblast growth factor 21 as a potential master regulator in metabolic disorders
Velingkar, A., Vuree, S., Prabhakar, P. K., Kalashikam, R. R., Banerjee, A., & Kondeti, S. (2023) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00244.2022 · Cited by 32
Mechanistic insights into the liver–brain axis during chronic liver disease
Siddle, M. R., Durán, R. G., Goel, D., Renquist, B. J., Holt, M. K., & Hadjihambi, A. (2025) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01142-z · Cited by 36
Leyden, G. M., Shapland, C. Y., Smith, G. D., Sanderson, E. C. M., Greenwood, M. P., Murphy, D., & Richardson, T. G. (2022) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.12.013 · Cited by 29
Free fatty acid receptor 4 modulates dietary sugar preference via the gut microbiota
Zhang, T., Wang, W., Li, J., Ye, X., Wang, Z., Cui, S., Shen, S., Liang, X., Chen, Y. Q., & Zhu, S. (2025) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-024-01902-8 · Cited by 29
Involvement of POMC neurons in LEAP2 regulation of food intake and body weight
Chu, G., Peng, H., Yu, N., Zhang, Y., Lin, X., & Lu, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.932761 · Cited by 27
Yang, C., Wang, W., Deng, P., Wang, X., Zhu, L., Zhao, L., Li, C., & Gao, H. (2023) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.14302 · Cited by 26
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Facilitates the Homeostatic Control of Feeding Behavior
Wu, C.-T., CHAFFIN, A. T. B., & Ryan, K. K. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11030580 · Cited by 24
Methionine restriction alleviates diabetes-associated cognitive impairment via activation of FGF21
Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Pang, J., Höhn, A., Dong, W., Gao, R. H., Liu, Y., Wang, D., She, Y., et al. (2024) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2024.103390 · Cited by 24
Functional metabolomics: unlocking the role of small molecular metabolites
Chen, H., Kong, J., Du, P., Wang, Q., Jiang, T., Hou, X., Feng, T., Duan, J., & Liu, C. (2025) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2025.1542100 · Cited by 26
Nutritional Regulation of Hepatic FGF21 by Dietary Restriction of Methionine
Fang, H., Stone, K. P., Forney, L. A., Wanders, D., & Gettys, T. W. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.773975 · Cited by 24
A pyrexic effect of FGF21 independent of energy expenditure and UCP1
Zouhar, P., Janovská, P., Stanić, S., Bardová, K., Funda, J., Haberlova, B., Andersen, B., Rossmeisl, M., Cannon, B., Kopecký, J., et al. (2021) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101324 · Cited by 24
Fibroblast growth factor 21: A “rheostat” for metabolic regulation?
She, Q.-Y., Bao, J., Wang, H.-Z., Liang, H., Huang, W., Wu, J., Zhong, Y.-W., Ling, H., Li, A., & Qin, S.-L. (2022) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155166 · Cited by 22
Zhang, Y., & Fang, X.-M. (2023) · The Chinese Journal of Physiology · doi:10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-22-00131 · Cited by 22
BACH1 inhibits senescence, obesity, and short lifespan by ferroptotic FGF21 secretion
Nishizawa, H., Matsumoto, M., Yamanaka, M., Irikura, R., Nakajima, K., Tada, K., Nakayama, Y., Konishi, M., Itoh, N., Funayama, R., et al. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114403 · Cited by 21
Chu, Y., Yang, S., & Chen, X. (2025) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108844 · Cited by 21
Glycerol-3-phosphate activates ChREBP, FGF21 transcription and lipogenesis in citrin deficiency
Tiwari, V., Jin, B., Sun, O., Gonzalez, E. D. J. L., Chen, M.-H., Wu, X., Shah, H., Zhang, A., Herman, M. A., Spracklen, C. N., et al. (2025) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-025-01399-3 · Cited by 20
Meal sugar-protein balance determines postprandial FGF21 response in humans
Ramne, S., Duizer, L., Nielsen, M. S., Jørgensen, N. R., Svenningsen, J. S., Grarup, N., Sjödin, A. M., Raben, A., & Gillum, M. P. (2023) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00241.2023 · Cited by 20
Self-citationFibroblast growth factor 21: update on genetics and molecular biology
Barros, D. R., & Hegele, R. A. (2024) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000960 · Cited by 18
Bono, B. S. M., Ly, N. K. K., Miller, P. A., Williams-Ikhenoba, J. G., Dumiaty, Y., & Chee, M. J. S. (2022) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.25306 · Cited by 19
Patt, M., Karkossa, I., Krieg, L., Massier, L., Makki, K., Tabei, S., Karlas, T., Dietrich, A., Gericke, M. T., Stümvoll, M., et al. (2024) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105458 · Cited by 16
Farokhnia, M., Wang, T., Jourdan, T., Godlewski, G., Farinelli, L. A., Kunos, G., & Leggio, L. (2023) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109809 · Cited by 16
Hepatic interoception in health and disease
Berthoud, H., Münzberg, H., Morrison, C. D., & Neuhuber, W. (2024) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103174 · Cited by 17
The crosstalk between fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) system and substance use
Wang, T., Tyler, R. E., Ilaka, O., Cooper, D., Farokhnia, M., & Leggio, L. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.110389 · Cited by 18
Janzi, S., González-Padilla, E., Najafi, K., Ramne, S., Ahlqvist, E., Borné, Y., & Sonestedt, E. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13113954 · Cited by 15
Protein restriction reprograms the multi-organ proteomic landscape of mouse aging
Lu, T., Xie, Y., Wang, Y., Lin, X., Cai, X., Zhang, Y., Nie, Z., Su, C., Gou, W., Zhang, H., et al. (2025) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2025.10.004 · Cited by 19
Resting energy metabolism and sweet taste preference during the menstrual cycle in healthy women
Malo‐Vintimilla, L., Aguirre, C. A., Vergara, A., Fernández‐Verdejo, R., & Galgani, J. E. (2023) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114523001927 · Cited by 22
Neuron-periphery mitochondrial stress communication in aging and diseases
Li, J., Cui, J., & Tian, Y. (2022) · Life Medicine · doi:10.1093/lifemedi/lnac051 · Cited by 14
Fibroblast growth factor 21 and dietary macronutrient intake in female mice
Wu, C.-T., Larson, K. R., Goodson, M. L., & Ryan, K. K. (2022) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113995 · Cited by 13
Yan, J., Xie, J., Xu, S., Guo, Y., Ji, K., Li, C., Gao, H., & Zhao, L. (2023) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115737 · Cited by 13
Kim, S. Q., Spann, R. A., Khan, M. S. H., Berthoud, H., Münzberg, H., Albaugh, V. L., He, Y., McDougal, D. H., Soto, P. L., Yu, S., et al. (2024) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110010 · Cited by 10
Characterization of FGF21 Sites of Production and Signaling in Mice
Sullivan, A. I., Jensen-Cody, S. O., Claflin, K. E., Vorhies, K., Flippo, K. H., & Potthoff, M. J. (2024) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqae120 · Cited by 11
Self-citationAdvances in FGFs for diabetes care applications
Liu, Y., Chen, Q., Li, Y., Bi, L., He, Z., Shao, C., Jin, L., Peng, R., & Zhang, X. (2022) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121015 · Cited by 12
FGF family in health and disease
Liu, X., Jing, M., Yang, Y., Jin, Q., Feng, B., Zhang, P., Niu, C., Hu, X., & Huang, Z. (2026) · Molecular Biomedicine · doi:10.1186/s43556-026-00429-0 · Cited by 14
Endocrine FGFs and their signaling in the brain: Relevance for energy homeostasis
Zangerolamo, L., Carvalho, M. U. W. B. D., Velloso, L. A., & Barbosa, H. C. L. (2023) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176248 · Cited by 11
Wu, C.-T., Magaña, D. G., Roshgadol, J., Tian, L., & Ryan, K. K. (2024) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2024.107673 · Cited by 11
Ramne, S., García‐Ureña, M., Gillum, M. P., Ängquist, L. H., Hansen, T., Merino, J., & Grarup, N. (2024) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2024.102049 · Cited by 11
Self-citationXu, J., Zhang, R., Millischer, V., Stiernborg, M., Tume, C. E., Mehdinia, S., Barker, P., Yılmaz, Z., Gonçalves, V. F., Lavebratt, C., et al. (2025) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-025-03425-0 · Cited by 10
New insights into the inter-organ crosstalk mediated by ChREBP
Carbinatti, T., Régnier, M., Parlati, L., Benhamed, F., & Postic, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1095440 · Cited by 13
Xie, J., Yan, J., Ji, K., Guo, Y., Xu, S., Shen, D., Li, C., Gao, H., & Zhao, L. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132667 · Cited by 10
Research progress on the role of FGF21 in insulin resistance
Zhang, H., Zhu, R., Sun, Q., & Du, L. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1619462 · Cited by 10
González-Franquesa, A., Peijs, L., Cervone, D. T., Koçana, C., Zierath, J. R., & Deshmukh, A. S. (2021) · Proteomes · doi:10.3390/proteomes9030037 · Cited by 9
Nutrient-Sensitive Reinforcement Learning in Monkeys
Huang, F.-Y., & Fabian Grabenhorst, B. (2023) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0752-22.2022 · Cited by 8
Single-cell technology for cell-based drug delivery and pharmaceutical research
Hu, H., Fan, Y., Wang, J., Zhang, J., Lyu, Y., Hou, X., Cui, J., Zhang, Y., Gao, J., Zhang, T., et al. (2025) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.113587 · Cited by 8
Exploring the impact of artificial sweeteners on diabetes management and glycemic control
Begum, R. F., Nirenjen, S., Rushendran, R., Manisha, M., Pavithra, N., Sridevi, S., & Singh, S. A. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1587690 · Cited by 11
Zheng, L., Sasaki, T., Ni, L., Hashidume, T., Kawabe, M., Takahashi, Y., Yamauchi, Y., Shimizu, M., & Sato, R. (2025) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2025.110756 · Cited by 9
Wang, W., Xin, Y.-Y., Niu, J.-Q., & Jin, W.-L. (2026) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2026.101460 · Cited by 9
Zhang, Y., Wang, T., Han, J., Song, J., Yang, C., Liang, L., Li, H., & Wang, H. (2025) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1610498 · Cited by 9
IUPHAR review: From foe to friend: Repurposing glucagon to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes
Elmendorf, A. J., Yousefian, M., Kim, I., Hardaway, J. A., Habegger, K. M., & Flak, J. N. (2025) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2025.108077 · Cited by 7
Localization of FGF21 Protein and Lipid Metabolism-Related Genes in Camels
Gao, Y., Zhao, S., Zhang, W., Tang, H., Yan, M., Yong, F., Bai, X., Wu, X., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, Q. (2023) · Life · doi:10.3390/life13020432 · Cited by 7
Wu, C.-T., Larson, K. R., Sims, L. C., & Ryan, K. K. (2023) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114368 · Cited by 7
FGF21 response to sucrose is associated with BMI and dorsal striatal signaling in humans
Alves, J. M., Yunker, A. G., LUO, S. H., Jann, K., ANGELO, B. C., DEFENDIS, A. W., Pickering, T. A., Smith, A., Monterosso, J. R., & Page, K. A. (2022) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23432 · Cited by 7
Deciphering the skeletal interoceptive circuitry to control bone homeostasis
Wu, Y., Guo, J., Chen, Z., Zhang, F., Chow, B., Chen, Z., Yeung, K., & Qiao, W. (2025) · BMEMat · doi:10.1002/bmm2.12138 · Cited by 6
Complex interplay of neuronal and hormonal gut-brain responses to essential amino acid deficit
Kim, B., Lee, S., Bae, H., Kim, S. R., Won, J.-H., Kim, D., Jung, B.-K., Kanai, M. I., Yoon, S., Oh, Y., et al. (2026) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adv3355 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Jensen-Cody, S. O., Flippo, K. H., Claflin, K. E., Yavuz, Y., Sapouckey, S. A., Walters, G. C., Usachev, Y. M., Atasoy, D., Gillum, M. P., & Potthoff, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Iowa (US)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Gillum, Matthew P.
- Potthoff, Matthew J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-08
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 273-286.e6
- ISSN
- 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7734879
- OpenAlex
- W3039069992
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 7
- FWCI
- 6.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- National Institutes of Health
- American Heart Association
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Keywords
- FGF21, ventromedial hypothalamus, glutamatergic neurons, sucrose intake, carbohydrate intake, sweet taste preference, neuronal excitability
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Energy Intake, Carbohydrates, Female, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Neurons, Signal Transduction, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
