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How does a newly encountered face become familiar? The effect of within-person variability on adults’ and children’s perception of identity

Baker, Kristen A., Laurence, Sarah, Mondloch, Catherine J.·2017·Cognition
DOI 10.1016/j.cognition.2016.12.012
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Abstract

Adults and children aged 6years and older easily recognize multiple images of a familiar face, but often perceive two images of an unfamiliar face as belonging to different identities. Here we examined the process by which a newly encountered face becomes familiar, defined as accurate recognition of multiple images that capture natural within-person variability in appearance. In Experiment 1 we examined whether exposure to within-person variability in appearance helps children learn a new face. Children aged 6-13years watched a 10-min video of a woman reading a story; she was filmed on a single day (low variability) or over three days, across which her appearance and filming conditions (e.g., camera, lighting) varied (high variability). After familiarization, participants sorted a set of images comprising novel images of the target identity intermixed with distractors. Compared to participants who received no familiarization, children showed evidence of learning only in the high-variability condition, in contrast to adults who showed evidence of learning in both the low- and high-variability conditions. Experiment 2 highlighted the efficiency with which adults learn a new face; their accuracy was comparable across training conditions despite variability in duration (1 vs. 10min) and type (video vs. static images) of training. Collectively, our findings show that exposure to variability leads to the formation of a robust representation of facial identity, consistent with perce…

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  • Experience with faces appears to shape performance on tasks that require memory for and the matching of unfamiliar faces.

    “Experience with faces, for example, appears to shape performance on tasks that require memory for and the matching of unfamiliar faces”

    From A criterion-placement theory of face matching (2026) · cites this paper as Baker et al., 2017

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Metadata

Authors
Baker, K. A., Laurence, S., & Mondloch, C. J.
Venue
Cognition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-04
Volume
161
Pages
19-30
ISSN
0010-0277
DOI
10.1016/j.cognition.2016.12.012
Cited by
55
References
3
Language
en
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Funders
NSERC Discovery (327520)

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