Non-canonical amino acids in protein engineering

Expanding the Genetic Code of Escherichia coli

Wang, L., Brock, A., Herberich, B., & Schultz, P. G. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1060077 · Cited by 1,504

A General Method for Site-specific Incorporation of Unnatural Amino Acids into Proteins

Noren, C. J., Anthony-Cahill, S. J., Griffith, M. C., & Schultz, P. G. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2649980 · Cited by 1,019

Selenomethionyl proteins produced for analysis by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD): a vehicle for direct determination of three‐dimensional structure.

Hendrickson, W. A., Horton, J. R., & LeMaster, D. M. (1990) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08287.x · Cited by 1,015

Incorporation of azides into recombinant proteins for chemoselective modification by the Staudinger ligation

Kiick, K. L., Saxon, E., Tirrell, D. A., & Bertozzi, C. R. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.012583299 · Cited by 911

An Expanded Eukaryotic Genetic Code

Chin, J. W., Cropp, T. A., Anderson, J. C., Mukherji, M., Zhang, Z., & Schultz, P. G. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1084772 · Cited by 820

Addition of a photocrosslinking amino acid to the genetic code of Escherichia coli

Chin, J. W., Martin, A., King, D., Wang, L., & Schultz, P. G. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.172226299 · Cited by 708

Cell Surface Labeling of Escherichia coli via Copper(I)-Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloaddition

Link, A. J., & Tirrell, D. A. (2003) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja036765z · Cited by 578

Addition of the keto functional group to the genetic code of Escherichia coli

Wang, L., Zhang, Z., Brock, A., & Schultz, P. G. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0234824100 · Cited by 356

Modern Separation Techniques for the Efficient Workup in Organic Synthesis

Tzschucke, C. C., Märkert, C., Bannwarth, W., Roller, S., Hebel, A., & Haag, R. (2002) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20021104)41:21 · Cited by 354

Biosynthesis by Escherichia coli of active altered proteins containing selenium instead of sulfur

Cowie, D. B., & Cohen, G. N. (1957) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta · doi:10.1016/0006-3002(57)90003-3 · Cited by 290

Theoretical studies of the excited states of p-cyanophenylalanine and comparisons with the natural amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine

Meloni, S. L., & Matsika, S. (2014) · Theoretical Chemistry Accounts · doi:10.1007/s00214-014-1497-2 · Cited by 4

Biotechnological and Biomedical Applications of Protein Engineering Methods

Poluri, K. M., & Gulati, K. (2016) · SpringerBriefs in applied sciences and technology · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2732-1_5 · Cited by 4

A facile method for high level dual expression of recombinant and congener protein in a single expression system

Ilamaran, M., Raghavan, S. S., Karthik, S., Nalawade, K. S., Samvedna, S., Routray, W., Kamini, N. R., Saravanan, P., & Ayyadurai, N. (2018) · Protein Expression and Purification · doi:10.1016/j.pep.2018.12.003 · Cited by 4

Metalloprotein Design and Engineering

Chakraborty, S., Hosseinzadeh, P., & Lu, Y. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119951438.eibc0259.pub2 · Cited by 4

Click Chemistry in Protein Engineering, Design, Detection and Profiling

Dieterich, D. C., & Link, A. J. (2009) · doi:10.1002/9780470748862.ch13 · Cited by 4

Tuning Mechanical Properties of Protein Hydrogels

Wang, X., Liu, D., Yin, G., & Zhang, W. (2018) · doi:10.1002/9781119390350.ch15 · Cited by 4

The juggernauts of biology

Yonemoto, I. T., & Tippmann, E. M. (2010) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.200900142 · Cited by 3

Reeling in the Catch: Advancing Cleavable Linkers for Proteomics

Rowland, M. M., & Best, M. D. (2010) · Chemistry & Biology · doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2010.11.001 · Cited by 3

Amber codon-mediated expanded saturation mutagenesis of proteins using a cell-free translation system

Shozen, N., Watanabe, T., & Hohsaka, T. (2012) · Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering · doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.01.018 · Cited by 3

Theoretical studies of the excited states of p-cyanophenylalanine and comparisons with the natural amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine

Meloni, S. L., & Matsika, S. (2014) · Highlights in theoretical chemistry · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-48148-6_25 · Cited by 3

An efficient metal catalyst free approach to synthesize 5-(4-(1,2,4,5 tetrazin-3-yl)benzylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid

Zewde, B. W., Atoyebi, O., & Raghavan, D. (2018) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.06.071 · Cited by 3

Site-specific PEGylation of interferon beta-1b

Nairn, N. W., Grabstein, K. H., Shanebeck, K. D., Li, G., & Wang, A. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64081-9.00015-2 · Cited by 3

Solvation Induced Ring Puckering Effect in Fluorinated Prolines and Its Inclusion in Classical Force Fields

Muralidharan, A., Schmidt, J. R., & Yethiraj, A. (2020) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04312 · Cited by 3

Protein Expression by Expansion of the Genetic Code

Chin, J. W., & Magliery, T. J. (2006) · Encyclopedia of Molecular Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1002/3527600906.mcb.200500044 · Cited by 3

Protein‐Polymer Conjugates

Briand, V. A., Kumar, C. V., & Kasi, R. M. (2011) · Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/0471440264.pst325 · Cited by 3

Bio‐Inspired Complex Block Copolymers/Polymer Conjugates and Their Assembly

Antonietti, M., Börner, H. G., & Schlaad, H. (2007) · doi:10.1002/9783527631421.ch31 · Cited by 3

Metalloprotein Design & Engineering

Lu, Y. (2005) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0470862106.ia277 · Cited by 3

Tailor-made glycoproteins

Hsieh‐Wilson, L. C. (2004) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.08.009 · Cited by 3

Chemical Modification of Biomaterials from Nature

Rodríguez‐Cabello, J. C., de Torre, I. G., Santos, M., Testera, A. M., & Alonso, M. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119126218.ch24 · Cited by 3

HighFold-MeD: a Rosetta distillation model to accelerate structure prediction of cyclic peptides with backbone N-methylation and d-amino acids

Cao, Z., Shang, T., Cao, S., Wang, Z., Wang, Z., Mao, Q., Guo, J., & Duan, H. (2025) · Journal of Cheminformatics · doi:10.1186/s13321-025-01111-3 · Cited by 3

Ligandenabhängige Regulierung einer Transfer‐RNA in Bakterien

Berschneider, B., Wieland, M., Rubini, M., & Hartig, J. S. (2009) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.200900851 · Cited by 2

2‐Nitroimidazole Based PET Tracers: Development of a General Synthetic Approach and Fluorination Methodology

Renault, K., Horion, R., Maes, X., Rzeigui, M., Joyard, Y., Maindron, N., Tadino, V., & Vincent, S. P. (2023) · European Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ejoc.202300307 · Cited by 2

Synthesis of Modified Proteins Using Misacylated tRNAs

Hecht, S. M. (2009) · Nucleic acids and molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70941-1_9 · Cited by 2

Biological synthesis of alkyne-terminated telechelic recombinant protein

Ayyadurai, N., Kim, S.-Y., Lee, S.-G., Soundrarajan, N., Hasneen, A., Paik, H., An, S. S. A., & Oh, E. (2009) · Macromolecular Research · doi:10.1007/bf03218884 · Cited by 2

Design of Orthogonal Pairs for Protein Translation: Selection Systems for Genetically Encoding Noncanonical Amino Acids in E. coli

Jarić, J., & Budiša, N. (2015) · Springer protocols handbooks/Springer protocols · doi:10.1007/8623_2015_105 · Cited by 2

Protein Engineering Using Noncanonical Amino Acids

Yüksel, D., Ivanova, Y., Pamuk, D., & Kumar, K. (2009) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420076592.ch9 · Cited by 2

Incorporation of Fluorescent Nonnatural Amino Acid into Sialic Acid-Binding Lectin for Fluorescence Detection of Ligand-Binding

Ito, Y., & Hohsaka, T. (2013) · Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan · doi:10.1246/bcsj.20120345 · Cited by 2

Genetic Incorporation of Unnatural Amino Acids into Proteins

Parrish, A. R., & Wang, L. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-008045382-8.00694-8 · Cited by 3

Molecular Interactions of Fluorinated Amino Acids in a Native Polypeptide Environment

Salwiczek, M., Jäckel, C., & Koksch, B. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53086-8.00017-5 · Cited by 2

Protein Engineered Biomaterials

Heilshorn, S. C., & Foo, C. W. P. (2009) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420076592.ch8 · Cited by 2

Passive Support Materials for Fluorescence Sensors

Demchenko, A. P. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-60155-3_11 · Cited by 2

Orthogonal translation initiation using the non-canonical initiator tRNA(AAC) alters protein sequence and stability in vivoPreprint

Hutvagner, A., Scopelliti, D., Whelan, F., & Jaschke, P. R. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.05.25.445580 · Cited by 2

Evidence that non-cognate proteinogenic amino acids generate immunogenic neoepitopes

Rodgers, K. J. (2026) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2026.111349 · Cited by 1

Facile and Rapid Green Route for the Synthesis of Privileged Peptidotriazoles Based on Oxazolonic Acids by Click Fragment Assembly

Balan, B., & Bahulayan, D. (2013) · Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan · doi:10.1246/bcsj.20130106 · Cited by 1

Structure-property-function relationships of sustainable hydrogels

Shawon, Z. B. Z., Khan, M. R., Takia, N. A., Khan, T. H., Rahman, A., & Hoque, M. E. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91753-7.00017-x · Cited by 1

Biradicals based on PROXYL containing building blocks for efficient dynamic nuclear polarization in biotolerant media

Herr, K., Höfler, M. V., Heise, H., Aussenac, F., Kornemann, F., Rosenberger, D., Brodrecht, M., de Oliveira, M., Buntkowsky, G., & Gutmann, T. (2024) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open · doi:10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100152 · Cited by 1

Site-Specific Incorporation of Fluorescent Nonnatural Amino Acids into Proteins and Its Application to Fluorescence Analysis of Proteins

Hohsaka, T. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55840-8_5 · Cited by 1

Supramolecular Structures and Interfaces Designed for Sensing

Demchenko, A. P. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20780-3_9 · Cited by 1

Comparative analysis of polyspecificity of the endogenous tRNA synthetase of different expression host towards photocrosslinking amino acids using an in silico approach

Prabhu, N. S., & Yun, H. (2017) · Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.06.005 · Cited by 1

Solvent organization around the noncanonical part of tyrosine modulates its fluorescence properties

Nandy, T., Mondal, S., & Singh, P. C. (2019) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c8cp06410e · Cited by 1

Genetic Code Expansion Facilitates Position‐Selective Modification of Nucleic Acids and Proteins

Müller, D., Trucks, S., Schwalbe, H., & Hengesbach, M. (2020) · ChemPlusChem · doi:10.1002/cplu.202000150 · Cited by 2

Network Formation of Engineered Proteins and Their Bioactive Properties

Sim, S. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-92949-7_1 · Cited by 1

Nanostructured Materials Constructed from Polypeptides

Jing, P., Jung, J. P., & Collier, J. H. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-49661-8_5 · Cited by 1

Protein‐Engineered Hydrogels

Raphel, J., Parisi‐Amon, A., & Heilshorn, S. C. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527649600.ch7 · Cited by 1

Organic Nanoparticle Bioconjugate: Micelles, Cross‐Linked Micelles, and Nanogels

Vamvakaki, M. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118775882.ch7 · Cited by 1

Biomolecular templates for interfacial nanomaterial assembly

Lang, E. N., & Claridge, S. A. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822425-0.00014-2 · Cited by 1

Fluorinated Amino Acids in Peptide and Protein Assembly

Chowdhary, S., Hohmann, T., Langhans, A., & Koksch, B. (2024) · Patai's chemistry of functional groups · doi:10.1002/9780470682531.pat1034 · Cited by 1

Biais de codons et régulation de la traduction chez les bactéries et leurs phages

Bailly‐Bechet, M. (2007) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)

Neuronal protein economics: keeping tabs on synthesis

Ariel, P., & Ryan, T. A. (2010) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn0710-781

Design of artificial, ribozyme-based genetic switches in bacteria

Wieland, M. (2010) · KOPS (University of Konstanz)

Characterization of a Tryptophanyl-tRNA Synthetase Urzyme and its Intramolecular Complementation Establishes a Model to Study the Catalytic Mechanism and Evolution of the Contemporary Class I Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases

Pham, Y. B. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/wxyz-ed03

Altering enzyme activities using chemical modification

Windle, C. L. (2015) · White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)

Elastin Like Polypeptides as Drug Delivery Vehicles in Regenerative Medicine Applications

Leonard, A. (2016) · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)

Controlling and Assessing Cell–Biomaterial Interactions at the Micro- and Nanoscale: Applications in Tissue Engineering

Kaufman, J. D., Wong, J. Y., & Klapperich, C. M. (2007) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780849378898-10

Genetically Modified Myoglobin As A Mimic For Heme Enzymes

Chand, S. (2013) · UTA ResearchCommons (University of Texas Arlington)

Engineering Approaches to Control Activity and Selectivity of Enzymes for Multi-Step Catalysis

Abdallah, W. (2018) · doi:10.7916/d8-x5n7-qz15

Identification and Quantification of Newly Synthesized Proteins Using Mass Spectrometry‐Based Chemical Proteomics

Suttapitugsakul, S., Xiao, H., & Wu, R. (2019) · Mass Spectrometry‐Based Chemical Proteomics · doi:10.1002/9781118970195.ch8

Elastomeric Materials, Protein-Based: Structure–Function Relationships

Kim, W., & Conticello, V. P. (2015) · Taylor & Francis eBooks · doi:10.1081/e-ebpp-120052060

Towards the cell-free expression of glycoproteins

Exley, K. (2017) · Spiral (Imperial College London) · doi:10.25560/68742

Engineering responsive and biomimetic material based on elastin-like recombinamers for biomedical application

Cipriani, F. (2019) · doi:10.35376/10324/39411

Investigating the role of amino acid transporter LAT3/SLC43A1 in prostate cancer

Zhang, K. (2019) · The Sydney eScholarship Repository (The University of Sydney)

A solvation induced ring puckering effect in fluorinated prolines and its inclusion in classical force-fieldsPreprint

Muralidharan, A., Schmidt, J. R., & Yethiraj, A. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.05.11.088963

Ultrasensitive Biosensing with Polymer Brushes

Knoll, W. (2013) · doi:10.1201/b14900-17

Characterizing the landscape of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase protein production in Bacillus subtilis

Parker, D. J. (2020) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Metalloprotein Design & Engineering

Lu, Y. (2005) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119951438.eibc0259

Applications of Polymer Bioconjugates

Opsteen, J. A., Abdelmohsen, L. K. E. A., & van Hest, J. C. M. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527815562.mme0008

Supramolecular Structures and Interfaces for Sensing

(2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9003-5_7

Controlling Enzyme Inhibition Using an Expanded Set of Genetically Encoded Amino Acids

Shun, Z. (2013) · doi:10.18130/v36h23

Controlling and Assessing Cell–Biomaterial Interactions at the Micro- and Nanoscale

Klapperich, C. M., Kaufman, J. D., & Wong, J. Y. (2007) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780849378898.ch10

Faculty Opinions recommendation of In situ visualization and dynamics of newly synthesized proteins in rat hippocampal neurons.

Zhang, X. (2019) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.4938957.793544890

Comment on mr-2022-22

(2022) · Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.5194/mr-2022-22-rc1

Comment on mr-2022-22

(2023) · Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.5194/mr-2022-22-rc2

Reply on RC1

Mobli, M. (2023) · Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.5194/mr-2022-22-ac1

Reply on RC2

Mobli, M. (2023) · Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.5194/mr-2022-22-ac2

Comment on mr-2022-22

(2023) · Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.5194/mr-2022-22-rc3

Reply on RC3

Mobli, M. (2023) · Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.5194/mr-2022-22-ac3

Novel enzymatic tools for C–C bond formation through the development of new-to-nature biocatalysis

Aho, J. A. S., & Deska, J. (2023) · Advances in catalysis · doi:10.1016/bs.acat.2023.07.005

Self-Assembling Block Copolymers

(2008) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/bk9781847558954-00595

Comparison of the effect of fluorinated aliphatic and aromatic amino acids on stability at a solvent-exposed position of a globular protein

Lee, K., & Kuczera, K. (2024) · Molecular Simulation · doi:10.1080/08927022.2024.2312141

Similarity Analysis of Computer-Generated and Commercial Libraries for Targeted Biocompatible Coded Amino Acid Replacement

Meringer, M., Casañola‐Martín, G. M., Rasulev, B., & Cleaves, H. J. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms252212343

Identification and Quantification of Structural/Functional Relatedness among Remotely Homologous Proteins

Dixson, J. D. (2024) · doi:10.12794/metadc2415922

MeDCycFold: A Rosetta Distillation Model to Accelerate Structure Prediction of Cyclic Peptides with Backbone N-methylation and D-amino AcidsPreprint

Cao, Z., Shang, T., Cao, S., Wang, L., Wang, Z., Mao, Q., Guo, J., & Duan, H. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.04.10.648099

GENETICALLY ENGINEERED AEQUORIN FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL BIOANALYTICAL SYSTEMS

Hamorsky, K. T. (2011) · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)

Defining bottlenecks and physiological impact of an orthogonal translation initiation systemPreprint

Scopelliti, D., Vincent, R. M., Hutvagner, A., Whelan, F., Klare, W. P., Pang, I. M. A., Church, G. M., & Jaschke, P. R. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2025.12.21.695813

Metabolic labelling of bacterial isoprenoids produced by the methylerythritol phosphate pathway : a starting point towards a new inhibitor

Baatarkhuu, Z. (2017) · doi:10.70675/66ff419dzf56ez427ez9362z9ce335462a72

Engineering of Thermoresponsive Diblock Elastin-like Polypeptides

Georgilis, E. (2019) · doi:10.70675/231c8099zcbc9z4449za7d4z866599f0c8d3

Novel bioorthogonal chemical reporters and fluorogenic probes for biomolecules imaging

Favre, C. (2019) · doi:10.70675/a52600d4z9b54z419dz8665zceae42c44aa2

Incorporation de la beta alanine dans des polypeptides

Nigro, G. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f7cdbb6bz8ab7z4360z880az13d498a8736c

Neolectins, towards new tools for selective targeting

Burrini, N. (2024) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/ed34fd98z55e0z455fzbc58zebce7a395d86

BindingDB Entry 7787: Perfluoro-tert-butyl Homoserine Is a Helix-Promoting, Highly Fluorinated, NMR-Sensitive Aliphatic Amino Acid: Detection of the Estrogen Receptor·Coactivator Protein-Protein Interaction by (19)F NMR.

BindingDB (2017) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q23b5z0g

Development of Hydroxy Thiourea Catalysts

Inokuma, T. (2013) · Springer theses · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-54231-5_3

Recombinant elastin -mimetic protein polymers as design elements for an arterial substitute

Sallach, R. E. (2008) · SMARTech Repository (Georgia Institute of Technology)

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(9,9-Dihexylfluorene-mb-methylene)s

Copenhafer, J. E. (2007) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)

Protein Engineering mit nicht-kanonischen Aminosäuren

Hotz, N., Marzluf, T., & Wiltschi, B. (2012) · BIOspektrum · doi:10.1007/s12268-012-0146-3

Residue-specific incorporation of non-canonical amino acids into proteins: recent developments and applications

Johnson, J. A., Lu, Y. Y., Deventer, J. A. V., & Tirrell, D. A. (2010) · Current Opinion in Chemical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.09.013 · Cited by 331

From Multi-fluorinated DNA Polymerases to Insights into DNA Synthesis by NMR spectroscopy

Holzberger, B. (2012) · KOPS (University of Konstanz)

Residue-specific Incorporation of Noncanonical Amino Acids into Model Proteins Using an Escherichia coli Cell-free Transcription-translation System

Worst, E. G., Exner, M., Simone, A. D., Schenkelberger, M., Noireaux, V., Budiša, N., & Ott, A. (2016) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/54273 · Cited by 15

Incorporation of Non-Canonical Amino Acids into Proteins by Global Reassignment of Sense Codons

Fang, K. Y., Lieblich, S. A., & Tirrell, D. A. (2018) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7893-9_13 · Cited by 14