Homo erectus from the Yunxian and Nankin Chinese sites: Anthropological insights using 3D virtual imaging techniques
Abstract
Recent applications of 3D virtual imaging techniques in human palaeontology have increased the possibilities and the accuracy of anthropological analysis. Two examples are given for the reconsideration of fossils discovered more than 20 years ago, thanks to this new technology. The Lower and Middle Pleistocene skulls from Yunxian and Nankin in China, which were damaged in the process of fossilization, have been virtually reconstructed. A detailed reinvestigation has been conducted by considering those reconstructed skulls and their unpublished characters (i.e., inner anatomical features inaccessible until now). The results of this analysis provide new information about the early hominids of China and contribute to the discussion of variability in Homo erectus. Récemment appliquée à la paléontologie humaine, l’imagerie tridimensionnelle a considérablement augmenté les possibilités et le degré de précision des analyses paléoanthropologiques. Deux exemples sont donnés de la reprise, grâce à cette technologie, de l’étude de fossiles découverts il y a plus de 20 ans. Les crânes de Yunxian et de Nankin, respectivement du Pléistocène inférieur et moyen de Chine, altérés au cours de leur fossilisation, ont été virtuellement reconstitués. Une investigation a pu être réalisée sur ces crânes reconstitués, devenus plus complets, en intégrant les caractères inédits, c’est-à-dire les caractères anatomiques internes jusqu’alors inaccessibles. Les résultats de cette étude donnent des informations sur les premiers hominidés de Chine et apportent de nouveaux éléments dans la discussion sur la variabilité de l’espèce Homo erectus.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A more H. sapiens-like midfacial morphology is apparently present in Chinese fossils from the Middle Pleistocene, such as Zhoukoudian, Nanjing, Dali and Jinniushan.
“the apparent presence of a more H.sapiens-like midfacial morphology in Chinese fossils from the MP, such as Zhoukoudian, Nanjing (Fig. 3d), Dali and Jinniushan 40”
From The evolutionary history of the human face (2019) · cites this paper as [40]
Cites
The skull of Sinanthropus pekinensis : a comparative study on a primitive hominid skull
Weidenreich, F. (1943) · Geological Survey of China eBooks · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Virtual cranial reconstruction of Sahelanthropus tchadensis
Zollikofer, C. P. E., de León, M. S. P., Lieberman, D. E., Guy, F., Pilbeam, D. R., Likius, A., Mackaye, H. T., Vignaud, P., & Brunet, M. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03397 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Integrative paths to the past. Paleoanthropological advances in honor of F. Clark Howell
Stringer, C. B. (1995) · International Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1007/bf02735291 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Rightmire, G. P. (1990) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511525674 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
The bony labyrinth of Neanderthals
Spoor, F., Hublin, J., Braun, M., & Zonneveld, F. W. (2003) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0047-2484(02)00166-5 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
An early modern human from Tianyuan Cave, Zhoukoudian, China
Shang, H., Tong, H., Zhang, S., Chen, F., & Trinkaus, E. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0702169104 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Dental tissue proportions and enamel thickness in Neandertal and modern human molars
Olejniczak, A. J., Smith, T. M., Feeney, R. N. M., Macchiarelli, R., Mazurier, A., Bondioli, L., Rosas, A., Fortea, J., Vives, M. D. L. R., García‐Tabernero, A., et al. (2008) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.11.004 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Human evolution in China : a metric description of the fossils and a review of the sites
Wu, H., & Poirier, F. E. (1995) · Oxford University Press eBooks · Cited by 182 · see citing works
The Evolution of Homo Erectus: Comparative Anatomical Studies of an Extinct Human Species.
Crompton, R. H., & Rightmire, G. P. (1991) · Man · doi:10.2307/2803888 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Evolutionary significance of cranial variation in Asian Homo erectus
Antón, S. C. (2002) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.10091 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Magnetostratigraphic dating of early humans in China
Zhu, R., An, Z., Potts, R., et al. (2003) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0012-8252(02)00132-0 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
LB1’s virtual endocast, microcephaly, and hominin brain evolution
Falk, D., Hildebolt, C. F., Smith, K., Morwood, M. J., Sutikna, T., Jatmiko, J., Saptomo, E. W., & Prior, F. (2009) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.10.008 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Homo erectusPleistocene Evidence from the Middle Awash, Ethiopia
Gilbert, W. H., & Asfaw, B. (2009) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/california/9780520251205.001.0001 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Martin, R., & Saller, K. (1957) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Homo erectus features used in cladistics and their variability in Asian and African hominids
Bräuer, G., & Mbua, E. N. (1992) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/0047-2484(92)90032-5 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
New Middle Pleistocene hominid crania from Yunxian in China
Tian-yuan, L., & Etler, D. A. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/357404a0 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Self-citationSeidler, H., Falk, D., Stringer, C. B., Wilfing, H., Müller, G. B., Nedden, D. Z., Weber, G., Reicheis, W., & Arsuaga, J. L. (1997) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1006/jhev.1997.0163 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Berge, C., & Goularas, D. (2010) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.11.006 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Integrative Paths to the Past: Paleoanthropological Advances in Honor of F. Clark Howell
Ciochon, R. L., & Corruccini, R. S. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Zollikofer, C. P. E., de León, M. S. P., Martin, R. D., et al. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/375283b0 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Bayle, P., Braga, J., Mazurier, A., & Macchiarelli, R. (2008) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.09.002 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Macchiarelli, R., Bondioli, L., Galichon, V., et al. (1999) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1006/jhev.1998.0267 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
A re-evaluation of the metric diversity within Homo erectus
Kidder, J. H., & Durband, A. C. (2004) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2003.12.003 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Variation and diversity in Homo erectus: a 3D geometric morphometric analysis of the temporal bone
Terhune, C. E., Kimbel, W. H., & Lockwood, C. A. (2007) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.01.006 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
ESR dating of tooth enamel from yunxian homo erectus site, China
Chen, T.-M., Yang, Q., Hu, Y.-Q., Bao, W., & Li, T.-Y. (1997) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(96)00095-9 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Liu, W., Zhang, Y., & Wu, X. (2004) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.20066 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Balzeau, A., & Rougier, H. (2009) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.05.016 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Paleoneurology of an “early” Neandertal: endocranial size, shape, and features of Saccopastore 1
Bruner, E., & Manzi, G. (2008) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.08.014 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Thompson, J. L., & Illerhaus, B. (1998) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1006/jhev.1998.0261 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Martin, R. (1914) · G. Fischer eBooks · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Humerus varus deformity in Roman period burials from Kellis 2, Dakhleh, Egypt
Molto, J. E. (2000) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/1096-8644(200009)113:1 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
de Lumley, H., de Lumley, M., Abdessadok, S., et al. (2001) · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Three-Dimensional Imaging in Paleoanthropology and Prehistoric Archaeology
Mafart, B., Delingette, H., & Subsol, G. (2002) · University of Michigan Press eBooks · doi:10.30861/9781841714301 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
An ectocranial lesion on the middle Pleistocene human cranium from Hulu Cave, Nanjing, China
Shang, H., & Trinkaus, E. (2007) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.20763 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
HILL, C., & Richtsmeier, J. T. (2008) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.03.010 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Structures crâniennes internes de l’Homo erectus Sambungmacan 1 (Java, Indonésie)
Balzeau, A., Jacob, T., & Indriati, E. (2002) · Comptes Rendus Palevol · doi:10.1016/s1631-0683(02)00048-9 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The brain morphology of Homo Liujiang cranium fossil by three-dimensional computed tomography
Wu, X., Liu, W., Dong, W., Que, J.-M., & Wang, Y. (2008) · 中国科学通报：英文版 · doi:10.1007/s11434-008-0263-z · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Semal, P., Toussaint, M., Maureille, B., et al. (2005) · HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Crown morphology and variation of the lower premolars of Zhoukoudian Homo erectus
Xing, S., Zhou, M., & Liu, W. (2009) · Chinese Science Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s11434-009-0651-z · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Assessing A.L. 288-1 femur length using computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction
Sylvester, A. D., Merkl, B., & Mahfouz, M. R. (2008) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.05.019 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Mafart, B., Guipert, G., Philip-Alliez, C., et al. (2007) · Comptes Rendus Palevol · doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2007.09.019 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationProposition de reconstitution du deuxième crâne d’Homo erectus de Yunxian (Chine)
Vialet, A., Li, T., Grimaud-Hervé, D., et al. (2005) · Comptes Rendus Palevol · doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2004.12.004 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationCT-scanning and virtual reproduction of the Saccopastore Neandertal crania
MANZI, G., BRUNER, E., PASSARELLO, P., et al. (2001) · IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Poza-Rey, E. M., & Arsuaga, J. L. (2009) · L Anthropologie · doi:10.1016/j.anthro.2008.12.004 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
La face supérieure et moyenne des hominidés fossiles depuis le Pléistocène Inférieur récent
Vialet, A. (2005) · HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationLe deuxième homme en Afrique : Homo ergaster, Homo erectus
Grimaud-Hervé, D., Béraud-Colomb, É., & Serre, F. (2002) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Crockett, D. P., Wang, L., Zhang, R.-X., & Egger, M. D. (1999) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0185(19990401)254:4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
L’évolution de l’homme en Eurasie : nouveaux fossiles, nouveaux outils d’analyse
Vialet, A. (2009) · L Anthropologie · doi:10.1016/j.anthro.2009.01.002 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationÉtude du paléomagnétisme du site de l'homme de Yunxian
de Lumley, H., Khatib, S., Mestour, B., et al. (2008) · HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The bronze age human skulls from longtoushan site in keshiketeng banner
Chen, S. (2000) · Acta Anthropologica Sinica · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The status of <i>Homo heidelbergensis</i> (Schoetensack 1908)
Stringer, C. (2012) · Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews · doi:10.1002/evan.21311 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
The evolutionary history of the human face
Lacruz, R. S., Stringer, C. B., Kimbel, W. H., Wood, B., Harvati, K., O’Higgins, P., Bromage, T. G., & Arsuaga, J.-L. (2019) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-019-0865-7 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Kaifu, Y., Baba, H., Sutikna, T., Morwood, M. J., Kubo, D., Saptomo, E. W., Jatmiko, Awe, R. D., & Djubiantono, T. (2011) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.08.008 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
DE CASTRO, J. M. B., & MARTINÓN-TORRES, M. (2014) · Anthropological Science · doi:10.1537/ase.140827 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- Vialet, A., Guipert, G., Jianing, H., Xiaobo, F., Zune, L., Youping, W., Tianyuan, L., de Lumley, M.-A., & de Lumley, H.
- Affiliations
- Institut de Paléontologie Humaine (FR)
- Centre de Recherche et d’Enseignement de Géosciences de l’Environnement (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Vialet, Amélie
- ORCID
- Vialet, Amélie
- Venue
- Comptes Rendus Palevol
- Publisher
- Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle
- Published
- 2010-09
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 6-7
- Pages
- 331-339
- ISSN
- 1631-0683 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2076998874
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 15.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Comptes Rendus Palevol (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Government of Jiangsu Province
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology › Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Keywords
- Homo erectus, 3D virtual reconstruction, cranial anatomy, fossil skull, intracranial anatomy, morphological variation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
