The DOI matches its Crossref record; 106 of the 106 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors and cancer immunotherapy
Open accessAbstract
Strategies for unlocking immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment have been investigated to overcome resistance to first-generation immune checkpoint blockade with anti- programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/ programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) agents. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) 1, an enzyme catabolizing tryptophan to kynurenine, creates an immunosuppressive environment in preclinical studies. Early phase clinical trials investigating inhibition of IDO1, especially together with checkpoint blockade, provided promising results. Unfortunately, the phase 3 trial of the IDO1 inhibitor epacadostat combined with the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab did not show clinical benefit when compared with pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with advanced malignant melanoma, which dampened enthusiasm for IDO inhibitors. Even so, several molecules, such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, were reported as additional potential targets for the modulation of the tryptophan pathway, which might enhance clinical effectiveness. Furthermore, the combination of IDO pathway blockade with agents inhibiting other signals, such as those generated by PIK3CA mutations that may accompany IDO1 upregulation, may be a novel way to enhance activity. Importantly, IDO1 expression level varies by tumor type and among patients with the same tumor type, suggesting that patient selection based on expression levels of IDO1 may be warranted in clinical trials.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Primary, Adaptive, and Acquired Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy
Sharma, P., Hu-Lieskovan, S., Wargo, J. A., & Ribas, A. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.017 · Cited by 5,588
Uyttenhove, C., Pilotte, L., Théate, I., Stroobant, V., Colau, D., Parmentier, N., Boon, T., & Van den Eynde, B. J. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm934 · Cited by 2,305
An endogenous tumour-promoting ligand of the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Opitz, C. A., Litzenburger, U. M., Sahm, F., Ott, M., Tritschler, I., Trump, S., Schumacher, T., Jestaedt, L., Schrenk, D., Weller, M., et al. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10491 · Cited by 1,898
An Interaction between Kynurenine and the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Can Generate Regulatory T Cells
Mezrich, J. D., Fechner, J. H., Zhang, X., Johnson, B. P., Burlingham, W. J., & Bradfield, C. A. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0903670 · Cited by 1,601
Tryptophan metabolism as a common therapeutic target in cancer, neurodegeneration and beyond
Platten, M., Nollen, E. A. A., Röhrig, U. F., Fallarino, F., & Opitz, C. A. (2019) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41573-019-0016-5 · Cited by 1,586
Munn, D. H., Sharma, M. D., Baban, B., Harding, H. P., Zhang, Y., Ron, D., & Mellor, A. L. (2005) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.03.013 · Cited by 1,272
Role of interleukin-6 in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance
Kumari, N., Dwarakanath, B. S., Das, A., & Bhatt, A. N. (2016) · Tumor Biology · doi:10.1007/s13277-016-5098-7 · Cited by 1,092
Long, G. V., Dummer, R., Hamid, O., Gajewski, T. F., Caglevic, C., Dalle, S., Arance, A., Carlino, M. S., Grob, J.-J., Kim, T. M., et al. (2019) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30274-8 · Cited by 960
L-arginine availability regulates T-lymphocyte cell-cycle progression.
Rodriguez, P. C., Quiceno, D. G., & Ochoa, A. C. (2007) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2006-06-031856 · Cited by 926
Molecular profiling of cancer patients enables personalized combination therapy: the I-PREDICT study
Sicklick, J. K., Kato, S., Okamura, R., Schwaederle, M., Hahn, M. E., Williams, C. B., De, P., Krie, A., Piccioni, D. E., Miller, V. A., et al. (2019) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0407-5 · Cited by 707
Self-citation
Cited by
Immune checkpoint therapy for solid tumours: clinical dilemmas and future trends
Sun, Q., Hong, Z., Zhang, C., Wang, L., Han, Z., & Ma, D. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01522-4 · Cited by 598
Advances in molecular pathology and therapy of non-small cell lung cancer
Huang, Q., Li, Y., Huang, Y., Wu, J., Bao, W., Xue, C., Li, X., Dong, S., Dong, Z., & Hu, S. (2025) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-025-02243-6 · Cited by 197
Nanomaterials: Breaking through the bottleneck of tumor immunotherapy
Kang, Y., & Li, S. (2023) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123159 · Cited by 61
Ye, L., Zhao, G., Ma, J., Gan, Q., Luo, N., Pan, D., Chen, C., Chen, X., & Ning, S. (2026) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-026-02769-3 · Cited by 10
Chehadi, A. C., Pereira de Lima, E., Detregiachi, C. R. P., Santos de Argollo Haber, R., Catharin, V. M. C. S., Fornari Laurindo, L., Engracia Valenti, V., Machado Galhardi, C., Tanaka, M., & Maria Barbalho, S. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27010465 · Cited by 8
Metadata
- Authors
- Fujiwara, Y., Kato, S., Nesline, M. K., Conroy, J. M., DePietro, P., Pabla, S., & Kurzrock, R.
- Venue
- Cancer Treatment Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-11
- Volume
- 110
- Pages
- 102461
- ISSN
- 0305-7372 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4293581628
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 106
- FWCI
- 21.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors and cancer immunotherapy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102461
- The paper
- Fujiwara, Y., Kato, S., Nesline, M. K., Conroy, J. M., DePietro, P., Pabla, S., & Kurzrock, R. (2022). Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors and cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Treatment Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102461
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
