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From Social to Genetic Structures in Central Asia
Open accessAbstract
Pastoral and farmer populations, who have coexisted in Central Asia since the fourth millennium B.C., present not only different lifestyles and means of subsistence but also various types of social organization. Pastoral populations are organized into so-called descent groups (tribes, clans, and lineages) and practice exogamous marriages (a man chooses a bride in a different lineage or clan). In Central Asia, these descent groups are patrilineal: The children are systematically affiliated with the descent groups of the father. By contrast, farmer populations are organized into families (extended or nuclear) and often establish endogamous marriages with cousins. This study aims at better understanding the impact of these differences in lifestyle and social organization on the shaping of genetic diversity. We show that pastoral populations exhibit a substantial loss of Y chromosome diversity in comparison to farmers but that no such a difference is observed at the mitochondrial-DNA level. Our analyses indicate that the dynamics of patrilineal descent groups, which implies different male and female sociodemographic histories, is responsible for these sexually-asymmetric genetic patterns. This molecular signature of the pastoral social organization disappears over a few centuries only after conversion to an agricultural way of life.
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In the citing paper
“Most studies converge towards the notion that among populations, women are genetically less structured than men.”
From Sex-Specific Genetic Structure and Social Organization in Central Asia: Insights from a Multi-Locus Study (2008) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Chaix et al. [11] showed that the average number of individuals carrying the same Y chromosome haplotype was much higher in patrilineal herder populations than in bilineal agriculturalist populations (where children are affiliated both to the mother and the father).”
From Sex-Specific Genetic Structure and Social Organization in Central Asia: Insights from a Multi-Locus Study (2008) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“A large number of studies have found that the level of differentiation was greater for the Y chromosome than for mtDNA, both at a global [3] and a local scale [4]–[11], for a review see [12].”
From Sex-Specific Genetic Structure and Social Organization in Central Asia: Insights from a Multi-Locus Study (2008) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“These cultural elements also have the ability to affect the effective population sizes of a group [11], [22].”
From Y-Chromosome Variation in Altaian Kazakhs Reveals a Common Paternal Gene Pool for Kazakhs and the Influence of Mongolian Expansions (2011) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Pastoralist communities that follow patrilineal descent and patrilocal residence patterns also retain low levels of paternal diversity [11], [12].”
From Y-Chromosome Variation in Altaian Kazakhs Reveals a Common Paternal Gene Pool for Kazakhs and the Influence of Mongolian Expansions (2011) · cites this paper as [11]
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Where west meets east: the complex mtDNA landscape of the southwest and Central Asian corridor
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Estimating Y Chromosome Specific Microsatellite Mutation Frequencies using Deep Rooting Pedigrees
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Derenko, M. V., Malyarchuk, B. А., Grzybowski, T., Denisova, G. A., Dambueva, I. K., Perkova, M. A., Михайловна, Д. Ч., Лузина, Ф. А., Lee, H. K., Vaněček, T., et al. (2007) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/522933 · Cited by 221
Verdu, P., Becker, N. S., Froment, A., Georges, M., Grugni, V., Quintana‐Murci, L., Hombert, J.-M., Veen, L. J. V. D., Bomin, S. L., Bahuchet, S., et al. (2013) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/mss328 · Cited by 174
Self-citationBowden, G. R., Balaresque, P. L., King, T. E., Hansen, Z., Lee, A. C., Pergl-Wilson, G., Hurley, E., Roberts, S. J., Waite, P., Jesch, J., et al. (2007) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msm255 · Cited by 139
The Y chromosome as the most popular marker in genetic genealogy benefits interdisciplinary research
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chaix, R., Quintana-Murci, L., Hegay, T., Hammer, M. F., Mobasher, Z., Austerlitz, F., & Heyer, E.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Academy of Sciences Republic of Uzbekistan (UZ)
- University of Arizona (US)
- Université Paris-Sud (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Chaix, Raphaëlle
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-01
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 43-48
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1976778662
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Science Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Forensic and Genetic Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Keywords
- pastoralism, social organization, exogamy, endogamy, Y-chromosome diversity, mitochondrial DNA, genetic diversity, Central Asia, subsistence strategies
- MeSH terms
- Agriculture, Asia, Central, Cultural Characteristics, DNA, Mitochondrial, Female, Humans, Male, Marriage, Residence Characteristics, Social Control, Informal, Genetic Variation, Microsatellite Repeats, Chromosomes, Human, Y, Asian People
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- Chaix, R., Quintana-Murci, L., Hegay, T., Hammer, M. F., Mobasher, Z., Austerlitz, F., & Heyer, E. (2007). From Social to Genetic Structures in Central Asia. Current Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.10.058
