Changes in the digital health landscape in cardiac electrophysiology: a pre-and peri-pandemic COVID-19 era survey
Open accessAbstract
Background Digital health is transforming healthcare delivery. Objective To compare the current digital health landscape in select groups of cardiac electrophysiology (EP) professionals prior to and during the COVID-19 era. Methods Two online surveys were emailed to 4 Heart Rhythm Society communities and tweeted out to Twitter EP, 1 before and 1 during the pandemic. Categorical variables were analyzed using the χ 2 test and reported as absolute numbers and percentages. Results There were 253 pre-pandemic (S1) and 273 follow-up surveys (S2) completed. The majority of respondents to both surveys were male, aged <55 years (70.6% vs 75.1%), university-affiliated (52.6% vs 55%), and physicians (83.3% vs 87.9%). Between S1 and S2, routine use of video-telehealth increased (5.9% vs 58.6%; P < .001) for all types of consultations ( P < .001 for all). Wireless electrocardiogram prescribing was prevalent and similar (80.2% vs 81.0%), whereas wireless blood pressure monitoring (9.9% vs 18.3%) and wireless oximetry (1.6% vs 8.1%; P = .006 for both) prescribing both increased. For smartphone mobile applications (mApps), prescriptions for heart rate mApps decreased (50.6% vs 40.7%; P = .022), while vital sign (28.9% vs 37%; P = .04) and symptom trackers (15.8% vs 24.9%; P = .01) prescribing increased. A majority in both surveys (84.6% vs 75.5%) reported no workplace infrastructure or support for digital health with concerns for lack of parity in reimbursement. Conclusion Our results show an increase in adoption of digital health by EP during the COVID-19 pandemic. Concerns regarding a lack of supportive infrastructure persisted. Development of professional society guidelines on optimal clinical workflow, infrastructure, and reimbursement may help advance and sustain digital health integration in EP.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
There is apprehension regarding the external validity and generalizability of the data, further complicating acceptance and integration of AI into clinical practice.
“Additionally, there is apprehension regarding the external validity and generalizability of the data, further complicating acceptance and integration of AI into clinical practice.61,62”
From Unlocking Tomorrow’s Health Care: Expanding the Clinical Scope of Wearables by Applying Artificial Intelligence (2024) · cites this paper as [62]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States
Holshue, M. L., DeBolt, C., Lindquist, S., Lofy, K. H., Wiesman, J., Bruce, H., Spitters, C., Ericson, K., Wilkerson, S., Tural, A., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001191 · Cited by 6,030 · see citing works
Telemonitoring in patients with heart failure
Chaudhry, S. I., Mattera, J. A., Curtis, J. P., Spertus, J. A., Herrin, J., Lin, Z., Phillips, C. O., Hodshon, B. V., Cooper, L. S., & Krumholz, H. M. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1010029 · Cited by 1,232 · see citing works
Koehler, F., Winkler, S., Schieber, M., Sechtem, U., Stangl, K., Böhm, M., Boll, H., Baumann, G., Honold, M., Koehler, K., et al. (2011) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.111.018473 · Cited by 716 · see citing works
Ong, M. K., Romano, P. S., Edgington, S., Aronow, H. U., Auerbach, A. D., Black, J. T., De Marco, T., Escarce, J. J., Evangelista, L. S., Hanna, B., et al. (2016) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7712 · Cited by 695 · see citing works
Slotwiner, D. J., Varma, N., Akar, J. G., Annas, G. J., Beardsall, M., Fogel, R. I., Galizio, N. O., Glotzer, T. V., Leahy, R. A., Love, C. J., et al. (2015) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.05.008 · Cited by 533 · see citing works
Barrett, P. M., Komatireddy, R., Haaser, S., Topol, S., Sheard, J., Encinas, J., Fought, A. J., & Topol, E. J. (2014) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.10.003 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Using Digital Health Technology to Better Generate Evidence and Deliver Evidence-Based Care
Sharma, A., Harrington, R. A., McClellan, M., Turakhia, M. P., Eapen, Z. J., Steinhubl, S. R., Mault, J. R., Majmudar, M. D., Roessig, L., Chandross, K. J., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.03.523 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Patient and clinician experiences with telehealth for patient follow-up care.
Donelan, K., Barreto, E. A., Sossong, S., Michael, C., Estrada, J. J., Cohen, A. B., Wozniak, J. R., & Schwamm, L. H. (2019) · PubMed · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Real-world heart rate norms in the Health eHeart study
Avram, R., Tison, G. H., Aschbacher, K., Kuhar, P., Vittinghoff, E., Butzner, M., Runge, R., Wu, N., Pletcher, M. J., Marcus, G. M., et al. (2019) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-019-0134-9 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Expanding Access through Virtual Care: The VA’s Early Experience with Covid-19
Heyworth, L., Kirsh, S., Zulman, D. M., et al. (2020) · Nejm Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery · doi:10.1056/cat.20.0327 · Cited by 167
Patient Perceptions of Video Visits Using Veterans Affairs Telehealth Tablets: Survey Study
Slightam, C. A., Gregory, A. J., Hu, J., Jacobs, J., Gurmessa, T., Kimerling, R. E., Blonigen, D. M., & Zulman, D. M. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/15682 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Bridging the digital divide in health care
Makri, A. (2019) · The Lancet Digital Health · doi:10.1016/s2589-7500(19)30111-6 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patterns of outpatient cardiovascular care
Wosik, J., Clowse, M. E. B., Overton, R. A., Adagarla, B., Economou-Zavlanos, N., Cavalier, J. S., Henao, R., Piccini, J. P., Thomas, L. E., Pencina, M. J., et al. (2020) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2020.10.074 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Goldenthal, I. L., Sciacca, R. R., Riga, T. C., Henry, S. B., Baumeister, M., BIVIANO, A. B., Dizon, J. M., Wang, D., Wang, K. C., Whang, W., et al. (2019) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/jce.14160 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Guo, Y., & Albright, D. L. (2017) · Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare · doi:10.1177/1357633x17706285 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Dening, J., Islam, S. M. S., George, E., & Maddison, R. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/16437 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Impact of patient-centred home telehealth programme on outcomes in heart failure
Srivastava, A., Do, J.-M., Sales, V. L., Ly, S., & Joseph, J. (2018) · Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare · doi:10.1177/1357633x18775852 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Varma, N., Marrouche, N. F., Aguinaga, L., Albert, C. M., Arbelo, E., Choi, J., Chung, M. K., Conte, G., Dagher, L., Epstein, L. M., et al. (2020) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.120.009007 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Varma, N., Marrouche, N. F., Aguinaga, L., Albert, C. M., Arbelo, E., Choi, J., Chung, M. K., Conte, G., Dagher, L., Epstein, L. M., et al. (2020) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.06.010 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Use of virtual visits for the care of the arrhythmia patient
Hu, P. T., Hilow, H., Patel, D. R., Eppich, M., Cantillon, D. J., TCHOU, P. J., Bhargava, M., Kanj, M. H., Baranowski, B. J., Hussein, A. A., et al. (2020) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.05.011 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- [7]Rogers E. Diffusion of Innovations [Internet] 1st edition 1962 Free Press of Glencoe New York Available from https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/254636
- [9]Totten A. Hansen R. Wagner J. Telehealth for Acute and Chronic Care Consultations. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 216. (Prepared by Pacific Northwest Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-2015-00009-I.) AHRQ Publication No. 19-EHC012-EF 2019 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Rockville, MD 31577401
- [21]Srinivasan M. Phadke A.J. Zulman D. Enhancing patient engagement during virtual care: a conceptual model and rapid implementation at an academic medical center [Internet]. NEJM Catalyst Innovative Care Delivery. 2020 [cited 2020 Nov 20] Available from https://catalyst.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/CAT.20.0262 · DOI
- [28]Artandi M. Thomas S. Shah N.R. Srinivasan M. Rapid System Transformation to More Than 75% Primary Care Video Visits within Three Weeks at Stanford: Response to Public Safety Crisis during a Pandemic [Internet]. NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 2020 [cited 2020 Nov 6] Available from https://catalyst.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/CAT.20.0100 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
How to use digital devices to detect and manage arrhythmias: an EHRA practical guide
Svennberg, E., Tjong, F., Goette, A., Akoum, N., Di Biase, L., Bordachar, P., Boriani, G., Burri, H., Conte, G., Deharo, J. C., et al. (2022) · Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euac038 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Smart Wearables for Cardiac Monitoring—Real-World Use beyond Atrial Fibrillation
Duncker, D., Ding, W. Y., Etheridge, S. P., Noseworthy, P. A., Veltmann, C., Yao, X., Bunch, T. J., & Gupta, D. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21072539 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Kruse, C. S., & Heinemann, K. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/31752 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Ferrick, A. M., Raj, S. R., Deneke, T., Kojodjojo, P., López-Cabanillas, N., Abe, H., Bovéda, S., Chew, D. S., Choi, J., Dagres, N., et al. (2023) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2023.03.1525 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Leclercq, C., Witt, H., Hindricks, G., Katra, R. P., Albert, D., Belliger, A., Cowie, M. R., Deneke, T., Friedman, P., Haschemi, M., et al. (2022) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euac052 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Ferrick, A. M., Raj, S. R., Deneke, T., Kojodjojo, P., López-Cabanillas, N., Abe, H., Bovéda, S., Chew, D. S., Choi, J., Dagres, N., et al. (2023) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euad123 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
McCall, T., Aneni, K., Oladele, C., Leung, T. I., & Wang, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2022.897250 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Svennberg, E., Caiani, E. G., Bruining, N., Desteghe, L., Han, J. K., Narayan, S. M., Rademakers, F. E., Sanders, P., & Duncker, D. (2023) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euad176 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Simovic, S. M., Providencia, R. A., Barra, S., Kirćanski, B., Palmero, M. J. G., Conte, G., Duncker, D., Marijon, É., Anić, A., & Bovéda, S. (2021) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euab215 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Marvasti, T. B., Gao, Y., Murray, K. R., Hershman, S., McIntosh, C., & Moayedi, Y. (2024) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2024.07.009 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Wearable-basierte Detektion von Arrhythmien
Veltmann, C., Ehrlich, J. R., Gassner, U. M., Meder, B., Möckel, M. M., Radke, P. W., Scholz, E., Schneider, H., Stellbrink, C., & Duncker, D. (2021) · Der Kardiologe · doi:10.1007/s12181-021-00488-3 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Ferrick, A. M., Raj, S. R., Deneke, T., Kojodjojo, P., López-Cabanillas, N., Abe, H., Bovéda, S., Chew, D. S., Choi, J., Dagres, N., et al. (2023) · Journal of Arrhythmia · doi:10.1002/joa3.12851 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiac Electronic Device Management and Role of Remote Monitoring
Magnocavallo, M., Vetta, G., Bernardini, A., Piro, A., Mei, M. C., Iorio, M. D., Mariani, M. V., Rocca, D. G. D., Severino, P., Quaglione, R., et al. (2021) · Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccep.2021.10.010 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Global disparities in arrhythmia care: Mind the gap
Sharif, Z. I., & Ptaszek, L. M. (2022) · Heart Rhythm O2 · doi:10.1016/j.hroo.2022.09.007 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Underrepresentation of women in implantable cardioverter defibrillator trials
Han, J. K., & Russo, A. M. (2022) · American Heart Journal Plus Cardiology Research and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ahjo.2022.100120 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Role of Digital Health During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and Future Perspectives
Ahmed, A., Charate, R. A., Pothineni, N. V. K., Aedma, S. K., Gopinathannair, R., & Lakkireddy, D. (2021) · Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccep.2021.10.013 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Swift, J., Harris, Z., Woodward, A., O’Kelly, N., Barker, C., & Ghosh, S. (2021) · British Journal of Healthcare Management · doi:10.12968/bjhc.2021.0073 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Simonson, J., Anderson, M., Polacek, C., Klump, E., & Haque, S. N. (2023) · JMIR Cardio · doi:10.2196/47292 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
ZENGİN, Ş., & Yontar, E. (2022) · Tarsus Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.56400/tarsusiibfdergisi.1130828 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Wearable Technologies for Cardiac Monitoring
Drummond, C. K., Hsu, J. J., Phelan, D. M. J., Dhruv Seshadri, R., & Emery, M. S. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816861-5.00008-3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Szőnyi, M. D., Gausz, F. D., Bocz, B., Pilecky, D., Muk, B., Bánfi‐Bacsárdi, F., Földesi, C., Andreka, P. G., Szili‐Törok, T., Kupó, P., et al. (2026) · European Heart Journal - Digital Health · doi:10.1093/ehjdh/ztag009 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Burunkaya, D. K. (2024) · Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi-Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology · doi:10.5543/tkda.2023.13660 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Digital Healthcare Innovations and Idea Management
Miķelsone, E., Spilbergs, A., & Segers, J.-P. (2024) · Journal of Economics Innovative Management and Entrepreneurship · doi:10.59652/jeime.v2i3.257 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Analysis on the Utilization of Digital Application as the Covid-19 Mitigation Effort
Said, S., Mardhatillah, M., Rusdi, M. S., Herick, H., Arif, M. A., Wakyah, N., & Kusumawati, D. E. (2023) · Poltekita Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan · doi:10.33860/jik.v16i4.1672
Walia, B., Singh, G. K., Annor, C., & Kang, S. (2025) · American Journal of Economics and Sociology · doi:10.1111/ajes.70010
Harris, S., Waken, R. J., Wang, F., Avula, K. C., Wadhera, R. K., Figueroa, J. F., Orav, E. J., Ofoma, U. R., & Maddox, K. E. J. (2026) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.125.046273
Artificial intelligence and remote monitoring of cardiac devices: A narrative review
Shahmohamadi, E., Evans, S., Middeldorp, M. E., & Sanders, P. (2026) · Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ipej.2026.10.003
- Authors
- Han, J. K., Al-Khatib, S. M., & Albert, C. M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Han, Janet K.
- Venue
- Cardiovascular Digital Health Journal
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-02
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 55-62
- ISSN
- 2666-6936 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8890346
- OpenAlex
- W3115341717
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 4.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cardiovascular Digital Health Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › ECG Monitoring and Analysis
- Keywords
- digital health, cardiac electrophysiology, COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine, video telehealth, remote blood pressure monitoring, mobile health apps, mobile application, work facilities, physician attitudes, pre-pandemic vs pandemic comparison
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
