Cited by 367Membrane-based Ion Separation TechniquesMembrane Separation TechnologiesNanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies

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Applications of capacitive deionization: Desalination, softening, selective removal, and energy efficiency

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Choi, Jongmoon, Dorji, Pema, Shon, Ho Kyong, Hong, Seungkwan·2019·Desalination

DOI 10.1016/j.desal.2018.10.013

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“0 g/L of total dissolved solids (TDS) [28].”
Background
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Background
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“Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) with an ion exchange membrane attached to the electrode surface has been widely studied to improve the ion selectivity (or ion storage capacity) of low-performance CDI electrodes (Figure 2b) [69].”
BackgroundInfluential
Theoretical Analysis of Constant Voltage Mode Membrane Capacitive Deionization for Water Softening
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“CDI is applicable to water softening due to the preferential electrosorption of divalent hardness ions over monovalent ions [10,11] and the technology has been investigated for softening brackish waters [12–18].”
Background
Electrochemical phosphorus recovery from waste
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“It is estimated that 60% of the efforts in the field of CDI have been devoted to developing high-quality electrode materials 25 , such as carbon aerogels, activated carbons, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers 26 , graphene 27 , graphene oxide 28 , Zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) 29…”
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“Simulating researches, but not yet laboratory- and real-scale verifications, showed promising results for the application of RO-CDI hybrid systems in ultrapure water production as well as seawater desalination [7, 8].”
Background
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“separated by a non-conductive spacer (Suss et al., 2015; Ahmed and Tewari, 2018; Oladunni et al., 2018; Choi et al., 2019; Teow and Mohammad, 2019).”
Background
Fully 3D Modeling of Electrochemical Deionization
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“This indicates that fouling prevention remains an important aspect of MCDI operation despite the common notion that MCDI is less vulnerable to fouling compared to other membrane processes as also indicated recently by Choi and coworkers [34].”
Result
Experimental study of mechanistic factors influencing solvent-driven fractional crystallization of calcium sulfate
Jayasinghe, A. S., Stetson, C., Orme, C. J., Shi, M., & Wilson, A. D. (2024) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2024.117474 · Cited by 8
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“This procedure traps ions between two porous carbon electrodes [8,9].”
Background
Microbial desalination cells in brackish RO reject treatment: Challenges and opportunities
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Recent advances in selective ion separation using flow-electrode capacitive deionization
Khoi, T. M., Tran, N. A. T., Kim, J., Chae, K., Shin, Y., Ahn, W., Lee, Y.-W., Le, T. N. T., Nguyen, H. T., Lee, J., et al. (2025) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2025.119429 · Cited by 8
Investigation of carbonaceous materials electrosorption attributes and its performance for capacitive deionization process within the presence of humic acid
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Unraveling the effect of CDI electrode characteristics on Cs removal from the perspective of ion transfer and energy composition
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Improved defluoridation and energy production using dimethyl sulfoxide modified carbon cloth as bioanode in microbial desalination cell
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Application of a newly-designed capacitive deionizing membrane distillation (CDIMD) technique for the efficient production of high-quality drinking water from seawater
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Removal of methanol from water by capacitive deionization system combined with functional nanoporous graphene membrane
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Dzyazko, Y. S. (2022) · Materials research foundations · doi:10.21741/9781644902219-8 · Cited by 8
Spinel LiMn2O4 as a Capacitive Deionization Electrode Material with High Desalination Capacity: Experiment and Simulation
Jiang, Y., Li, K., Alhassan, S. I., Cao, Y., Deng, H., Tan, S., Wang, H., Tang, C., & Chai, L. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20010517 · Cited by 8
“On the other hand, capacitive deionization (CDI) is a novel desalination technology with low energy consumption, low cost, high efficiency, good regeneration ability, and mild working conditions [6,7].”
Background
Simultaneous removal of tetracycline and copper ions from wastewater by flow-electrode capacitive deionization
Tong, P., Hang, Z., Zhu, W., & Li, Z. (2023) · Environmental Technology · doi:10.1080/09593330.2023.2298665 · Cited by 7
“The most signi ﬁ cant advantage of this technology is that it can remove both anions and cations from the solution [17].”
Critical review of capacitive deionization: design, operation consideration and real-world environmental applications
Cuong, D. V. (2024) · Tạp chí Khoa học Công nghệ Xây dựng (KHCNXD) - ĐHXDHN · doi:10.31814/stce.huce2024-18(1)-09 · Cited by 7
“However, despite its promise, challenges persist in optimizing CDI’s efficiency, scalability, and cost-effectiveness for widespread adoption in mitigating water hardness [39].”
Background
Energy Recovery From Polluted Water Using Capacitive Deionization Desalination System: A Review
Miah, M. S., Amjady, N., Shah, R., & Islam, S. M. (2024) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2024.3440358 · Cited by 7
“Researchers are becoming enthusiastic about constructing an energy-efficient capacitive deionization module [23], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37].”
Background
New operation method of a membrane capacitive deionization system with a dual-solution mode for improving the desorption rate
Choi, J. (2023) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2022.116364 · Cited by 7
Mesopore-rich sheets/fibers carbon mat derived from triphase polymer solutions as self-supporting electrodes for capacitive deionization
Zhao, F., Xu, Y. D., Fan, H., Wang, D., & Wang, J. (2023) · Journal of Materials Science · doi:10.1007/s10853-023-08937-y · Cited by 7
Enhanced Selective Removal of Phosphate in the Presence of High-Strength Nitrate Using Straw-Based Anion Imprinted Biosorbent
Zhang, L., Meng, F., Song, W., Ren, X., Wang, J., Cai, X. D., Li, X., Li, Y., & Yan, L. (2021) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2022.108060 · Cited by 7
Integrating battery and capacitive materials for efficient sodium and chloride capture
Shi, W., Jiang, Q., Han, X., Dai, R., Jiang, S., Li, J., Shen, J., & Cao, X. (2023) · Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry · doi:10.1007/s10008-023-05510-0 · Cited by 7
Desalination of seawater and related technologies: a step towards achieving sustainable development goals
Guduru, R. K., Singh, R., & Vij, R. K. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15354-9.00011-6 · Cited by 7
Selective Recovery of Critical and Toxic Elements from Their Low-Concentrated Solutions Using Surface-Based Electrochemical Separation Methods
Chernyshova, I. V., Bakuska, D., & Ponnurangam, S. (2020) · ACS symposium series · doi:10.1021/bk-2020-1348.ch005 · Cited by 7
Preparation of layered structure MnO2/CNTs composites for high-performance salt removal by hybrid capacitive deionization
Nguyen, H. A., Le, T. T. L., To, M. D., Dao, A. T., Doan, L. H. T., Nguyen, V. V., Nguyen, T. H., Le, V. H., & Huynh, L. T. N. (2024) · Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry · doi:10.1007/s10008-024-05998-0 · Cited by 6
“Capacitive deionization (CDI) offers several advantages in water treatment [8], and one key benefit is its energy efficiency [9].”
Membrane technology for brine management and valuable resource recovery
Pathak, N., Shon, H. K., Yu, H., Choo, Y., Naidu, G., Akther, N., & Han, D. S. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95165-4.00014-8 · Cited by 6
Electrocapacitive removal of Na and Cd ions from contaminated aqueous solution using Fe3O4-poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonate) modified chitosan nanosheets
Saliu, O. D., Leping, O., Yusuf, T. L., Adeniyi, A. G., & Ramontja, J. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-77931-4 · Cited by 6
Organic molecule-functionalized graphene containing N/S active centers as a bifunctional catalyst for zinc-air battery-driven capacitive deionization
Cao, Z., Shen, C., Fan, Y., Chen, J., Yang, Q., Song, H., Ye, Z., & Zhang, S. (2025) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2025.118619 · Cited by 7
Evaluation of total dissolved solids removal characteristics by recycling concentrated water in membrane capacitive deionization process
Oh, C., An, J., Yeon, S., & Oh, H. J. (2022) · Desalination and Water Treatment · doi:10.5004/dwt.2022.28521 · Cited by 6
Arid Forecasts for Alternative Energy-Efficient Desalination
Sutherland, B. R. (2019) · Joule · doi:10.1016/j.joule.2019.05.025 · Cited by 6
Life After Death: Re‐Purposing End‐of‐Life Supercapacitors for Electrochemical Water Desalination
Ren, P., Torkamanzadeh, M., Arnold, S., Pameté, E., & Presser, V. (2024) · Batteries & Supercaps · doi:10.1002/batt.202400506 · Cited by 5
HNO3 etching MOF-199 porous carbon to improve U(VI) adsorption performance of FCDI
Hu, Q., Wang, J., Hu, J., & Li, J. (2025) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2025.117110 · Cited by 5
Enhanced electrochemical performance and boron removal capacity of Mg-Al layered double hydroxide composite for membrane-free capacitive deionization applications
Salhi, B., Alabdrabalreda, J., Usman, J., Abdulazeez, I., Khan, N. A., Benaafi, M., Baig, N., & Aljundi, I. H. (2025) · Chemical Engineering Journal Advances · doi:10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100798 · Cited by 5
Mechanistic insights into capacitive ion exchange for selective divalent ion removal using activated carbon electrodes
Tsai, M., Chao, S.-J., Wang, D. C., Lin, I.-H., Chung, L., Liu, P., Hua, L.-C., Huang, H., & Hu, C. (2025) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2025.166833 · Cited by 5
Performance enhancement of a low-energy humidification dehumidification desalination system using the M-cycle
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Advancing the Electrosorption Selectivity of Nitrate Through Fine-Tuning Hydrophobic Ammonium Functional Groups in Anion Exchange Membranes for Membrane Capacitive Deionization
Tsai, S.-W., Wu, M.-C., Ng, H. Y., & Hou, C. (2024) · ACS ES&T Water · doi:10.1021/acsestwater.4c00619 · Cited by 6
Boosting ion uptake and electron transport through bridging Na2MnSiO4 with acidified carbon nanotubes for enhanced hybrid capacitance deionization
Chen, Z., Zhang, X., Shen, Y., Geng, W., Gong, C., Zhang, Y., & Wang, G. (2024) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2024.130429 · Cited by 5
Evaluating the effects of temperature on flow-by capacitive deionization
Bouzari, S., Bidi, M., Mojaddam, M., & Kazemi, S. H. (2022) · Energy Reports · doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2022.11.109 · Cited by 5
Effect of dopants in polyaniline-coated capacitive deionization electrodes on anion selectivity
Gamaethiralalage, J. G., Muff, J., & de Smet, L. C. P. M. (2024) · Progress in Organic Coatings · doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108854 · Cited by 5
A systematic literature review on combined seawater desalination and reverse electrodialysis: Evaluating its technological readiness and potential for full-commercialization
van Geet, M. T., & Fuchs, J. (2025) · Energy Nexus · doi:10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100362 · Cited by 5
A binder-free δ-MnO 2 @reduced graphene oxide composite film as a bi-functional electrode for aqueous rechargeable sodium-ion batteries and hybrid capacitive deionization
Wang, J., Zhang, D., Hu, X., & Sun, T. (2022) · New Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d2nj00673a · Cited by 5
A review on methods of water softening processes for improving efficiency of bio-mass fired boiler
Kose, A. B., Nikam, N. V., Jaju, S. B., & Khond, V. W. (2023) · Materials Today Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2023.09.031 · Cited by 5
Flow–electrode capacitive deionization using citric–acid–modified biochar for efficient treatment of acidic electroplating wastewater
Deng, Z., Lu, H., Mo, J., Li, H., Li, Q., Long, J., Zhang, G., Xie, Y., Wang, T., Chen, J., et al. (2026) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.142487 · Cited by 4

Authors: Choi, J., Dorji, P., Shon, H. K., & Hong, S.
Affiliations: University of Technology Sydney (AU)
Korea University (KR)
Corresponding author: Shon, Ho Kyong
Hong, Seungkwan
ORCID: Dorji, Pema
Shon, Ho Kyong
Hong, Seungkwan
Venue: Desalination
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2019-01
Volume: 449
Pages: 118-130
ISSN: 0011-9164 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2018.10.013
OpenAlex: W2898585458
Cited by: 367
References: 123
Citations by year: 2026: 29 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 27
FWCI: 14.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: erratum (2019-10-15)
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: other-oa
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Desalination (publishedVersion)
OPUS - Open Publications of UTS Scholars (University of Technology Sydney) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (18IFIP-B116952-03)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Filtration and Separation › Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Membrane Separation Technologies
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies
Keywords: capacitive deionization, brackish water, water softening, heavy metal removal, nitrate removal, phosphate removal, wastewater treatment, ultrapure water production, electrode materials, energy efficiency, energy recovery, reverse electrodialysis, microbial fuel cells, hybrid systems

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Applications of capacitive deionization: Desalination, softening, selective removal, and energy efficiency

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