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Cited by 93Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementCOVID-19 Impact on ReproductionCOVID-19 and Mental Health

COVID-19 pandemic: Impact on gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence

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Zanardo, Vincenzo, Tortora, Domenico, Sandri, Andrea, Severino, Lorenzo, Mesirca, Paolo, Straface, Gianluca·2022·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109149PMC PMC8665826
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Abstract

Aim Although an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been noted in women exposed to stressful conditions and traumatic events, limited information is available about such risk in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods The study was designed as a non-concurrent case-control study on the prevalence of GDM, defined according to IADPSG 2010, in women giving birth during the COVID-19 pandemic in the hot spot of Northeast Italy from March 9th to May 18th, 2020, with an antecedent puerperae-matched group whose women had given birth in 2019.Results Analysis revealed that during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, GDM prevalence was significantly higher than in 2019 (GDM, 48/533, 9 vs 86/637, 13.5%, p = 0.01), as illustrated by a higher GDM prevalence in 5/6 months of the final semester of 2020. In addition, logistic regression analysisconfirmed a statistically significant temporal relationship between experiencing the lockdown during the first trimester of gestation and later GDM incidence (t = 2.765, P = 0.012), with an 34% increase in mean number of GDM diagnoses per month (antilog of the parameter = 1.34).Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted GDM prevalence in 2020 compared to 2019, especially for pregnant women in the 1st trimester of gestation.

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  • Experiencing lockdown during the first trimester of gestation increased the risk of GDM by a factor of 2.29 (p = 0.002) compared with women whose pregnancies occurred before and after lockdown.

    “Experiencing lockdown during the first trimester of gestation increased the risk of GDM in these women by a factor of 2.29 (p = 0.002) compared with women whose pregnancies occurred before and after lockdown [67].”

    From Gestational Diabetes Mellitus—Recent Literature Review (2022) · cites this paper as [67]

  • The COVID-19 pandemic increased the incidence of GDM in 2020 compared with 2019 (13.5% vs. 9%, p = 0.01), especially in women in the first trimester of pregnancy.

    “The COVID-19 pandemic increased the incidence of GDM in 2020 compared with 2019 (13.5% vs. 9%, p = 0.01), especially in women in the first trimester of pregnancy.”

    From Gestational Diabetes Mellitus—Recent Literature Review (2022) · cites this paper as [67]

  • In Italy, the gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence increased from 9.0% in 2019 to 13.5% in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    “The results showed a statistically significant increase in the GDM prevalence rate from 9.0% in 2019 to 13.5% in 2020 [119].”

    From Evolution of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus across Continents in 21st Century (2022) · cites this paper as [119]

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Authors
Zanardo, V., Tortora, D., Sandri, A., Severino, L., Mesirca, P., & Straface, G.
Affiliations
  • Policlinico Abano Terme (IT)
  • Istituto Giannina Gaslini (IT)
  • UC San Diego Health System (US)
Corresponding author
Zanardo, Vincenzo
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-01
Volume
183
Pages
109149
ISSN
0168-8227 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109149
PMC
PMC8665826
OpenAlex
W3217271021
Cited by
93
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 18
FWCI
13.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
Keywords
gestational diabetes mellitus, COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown, first trimester, GDM prevalence, maternal stress, northeastern Italy
MeSH terms
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Communicable Disease Control, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Case-Control Studies, Diabetes, Gestational, Pandemics

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