The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Visual fatigue caused by viewing stereoscopic motion images: Background, theories, and observations
Open accessAbstract
The background, theories, and observations on visual stress possibly caused by viewing stereoscopic motion images are reviewed. Visual fatigue caused by stereoscopic images is a safety issue. Fatigue is possible caused by the discrepancy between accommodative and convergence stimuli that are included in the image. Studies on accommodation and convergence are surveyed and an explanation regarding the characteristics of these functions is offered. Studies in the literature on changes in oculomotor function after viewing stereoscopic images, including changes in pupillary responses, are discussed. Evaluation of visual fatigue, particularly in relation to different methods of viewing stereoscopic displays is described.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Simulator Sickness Questionnaire: An Enhanced Method for Quantifying Simulator Sickness
Kennedy, R. S., Lane, N. E., Berbaum, K. S., & Lilienthal, M. G. (1993) · The International Journal of Aviation Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15327108ijap0303_3 · Cited by 5,457
Early visual development, normal and abnormal
Simons, K. (1993) · Oxford University Press eBooks · Cited by 468
Cutrer, F. M., & Baloh, R. W. (1992) · Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1992.hed3206300.x · Cited by 378
Two factors in visual fatigue caused by stereoscopic HDTV images
Yano, S., Emoto, M., & Mitsuhashi, T. (2004) · Displays · doi:10.1016/j.displa.2004.09.002 · Cited by 275
Migrainous vertigo: development of a pathogenetic model and structured diagnostic interview
Furman, J. M., Marcus, D. A., & Balaban, C. D. (2003) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/00019052-200302000-00002 · Cited by 253
Dependence of accommodation response on the spatial frequency spectrum of the observed object
Charman, W. N., & Tucker, J. (1977) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(77)90211-5 · Cited by 202
MacLachlan, C., & Howland, H. C. (2002) · Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics · doi:10.1046/j.1475-1313.2002.00023.x · Cited by 189
Visual Processing in Amblyopia: Human Studies
Levi, D. M. (2006) · Strabismus · doi:10.1080/09273970500536243 · Cited by 188
SALIVARY CHROMOGRANIN A AS AN INDEX OF PSYCHOSOMATIC STRESS RESPONSE
NAKANE, H., ASAMI, O., YAMADA, Y., HARADA, T., MATSUI, N., KANNO, T., & YANAIHARA, N. (1998) · Biomedical Research · doi:10.2220/biomedres.19.401 · Cited by 184
Vertigo, Motion Sickness and Migraine
Kuritzky, A., Ziegler, D. K., & Hassanein, R. (1981) · Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1981.hed2105227.x · Cited by 178
Cited by
Review on cybersickness in applications and visual displays
Rebenitsch, L., & Owen, C. (2016) · Virtual Reality · doi:10.1007/s10055-016-0285-9 · Cited by 971
A review of virtual environments for training in ball sports
Miles, H. C., Pop, S. R., Watt, S. J., Lawrence, G. P., & John, N. W. (2012) · Computers & Graphics · doi:10.1016/j.cag.2012.04.007 · Cited by 270
Metadata
- Authors
- Ukai, K., & Howarth, P. A.
- Venue
- Displays
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 106-116
- ISSN
- 0141-9382 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1990375475
- Cited by
- 383
- References
- 21
- FWCI
- 19.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Visual fatigue caused by viewing stereoscopic motion images: Background, theories, and observations. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.displa.2007.09.004
- The paper
- Ukai, K., & Howarth, P. A. (2008). Visual fatigue caused by viewing stereoscopic motion images: Background, theories, and observations. Displays. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.displa.2007.09.004
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.