The DOI matches its Crossref record; 87 of the 87 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Menstrual cycle phase and responses to drugs of abuse in humans
Abstract
Researchers have recently become aware of the importance of including women in research, including drug abuse research. With this increased awareness has come an increased scientific interest in the potential influence of menstrual cycle phase on responses to drugs. In this review, we discuss recent studies that have examined subjective and physiological responses to drugs of abuse in relation to menstrual cycle phase. With most of the drugs reviewed, including alcohol, benzodiazepines, caffeine, marijuana, nicotine and opioids, responses to the drugs were not different were inconsistent across cycle phases. However, with psychomotor stimulant drugs, such as amphetamine and cocaine, responses to the drugs were greater during the follicular, compared to the luteal, phase of the cycle. These findings suggest that, consistent with certain pre-clinical findings, circulating levels of ovarian hormones influence the central effects of stimulant drugs in women. With other drugs, the evidence to date suggests that ovarian hormones have modest, if any, effects on responses to abused drugs. We discuss methodological issues relating to inclusion of women with regular menstrual cycles.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Additionally, during periods of low oestrogen, increased ADHD symptoms [30,41,91,92] and decreased response to psychostimulant medication [25,42,93,94,95] have been described.”
From A Female-Specific Treatment Group for ADHD—Description of the Programme and Qualitative Analysis of First Experiences (2024) · cites this paper as [93]
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Strategies and Methods for Research on Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior
Becker, J. B., Arnold, A. P., Berkley, K. J., Blaustein, J. D., Eckel, L. A., Hampson, E., Herman, J. P., Marts, S. A., Sadée, W., Steiner, M. S., et al. (2004) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2004-1142 · Cited by 833
Gender Differences in Dopaminergic Function in Striatum and Nucleus Accumbens
Becker, J. B. (1999) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(99)00168-9 · Cited by 696
Sex-related hormonal influences on pain and analgesic responses
Fillingim, R. B., & Ness, T. J. (2000) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(00)00017-8 · Cited by 554
Kappa–opioids produce significantly greater analgesia in women than in men
Gear, R. W., Miaskowski, C. A., Gordon, N. C., Paul, S. M., Heller, P. H., & Levine, J. D. (1996) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1196-1248 · Cited by 457
Biological Basis of Sex Differences in the Propensity to Self-administer Cocaine
Hu, M., Crombag, H. S., Robinson, T. E., & Becker, J. B. (2003) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300301 · Cited by 303
Textbook of endocrine physiology
(1989) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0016-6480(89)90187-1 · Cited by 291
Becker, J. B. (1990) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(90)90618-j · Cited by 287
Donny, E. C., Caggiula, A. R., Rowell, P. P., Gharib, M. A., Maldovan, V., Booth, S., Mielke, M. M., Hoffman, A., & McCallum, S. E. (2000) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130000497 · Cited by 278
Evans, S. M., Haney, M., & Foltin, R. W. (2002) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-001-0944-7 · Cited by 269
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–190 of 190
Zhuang, J.-Y., Wang, J.-X., Lei, Q., Zhang, W., & Fan, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.568399 · Cited by 23
The pharmacokinetics of methamphetamine self-administration in male and female rats
Milesi‐Hallé, A., Hambuchen, M. D., McMillan, D. E., & Owens, S. M. (2015) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.02.032 · Cited by 22
Women seek more variety in rewards when closer to ovulation
Faraji‐Rad, A., Moeini‐Jazani, M., & Warlop, L. (2013) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2013.05.001 · Cited by 21
Marsh, K., Chalfin, A. J., & Roman, J. (2008) · Journal of Experimental Criminology · doi:10.1007/s11292-008-9049-1 · Cited by 20
Joyce, K. M., Hudson, A., O’Connor, R. M., Goldstein, A. L., Ellery, M., McGrath, D. S., Perrot, T. S., & Stewart, S. H. (2019) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.7.2018.133 · Cited by 20
Warren, J. G., Goodwin, L., Gage, S. H., & Rose, A. K. (2020) · Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.cpnec.2020.100022 · Cited by 21
Леонидович, Г. Т., Шекунова, Е. В., & Zvartau, E. E. (2010) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.08.006 · Cited by 20
Holzhauer, C. G., Wemm, S., Wulfert, E., & Cao, Z. T. (2019) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106146 · Cited by 18
Jakob, K., Ehrentreich, H., Holtfrerich, S. K. C., Reimers, L., & Diekhof, E. K. (2018) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00060 · Cited by 20
Hormonal responses in gambling versus alcohol abuse: A review of human studies
Li, Y., Ramoz, N., Derrington, E. A., & Dreher, J. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109880 · Cited by 18
Torres, O. V. (2022) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes13050892 · Cited by 20
Job, M. O., Perry, J., Shen, L. L., & Kuhar, M. J. (2014) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/j.npep.2014.01.002 · Cited by 17
From Molecule to Behavior: Hypocretin/orexin Revisited From a Sex-dependent Perspective
Gao, X., & Horváth, T. L. (2021) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnab042 · Cited by 18
Sex differences in sleep and sleep-dependent learning in abstinent cocaine users
MORGAN, P. T., Paliwal, P., Malison, R. T., & Sinha, R. (2009) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2009.04.006 · Cited by 16
Kuhns, J. B., Clodfelter, T. A., & Bersot, H. Y. (2010) · Contemporary Drug Problems · doi:10.1177/009145091003700205 · Cited by 17
Gender differences in acute recreational drug toxicity: a case series from Oslo, Norway
Syse, V. L., Brekke, M., Grimsrud, M. M., Persett, P. S., Heyerdahl, F., Hovda, K. E., & Vallersnes, O. M. (2019) · BMC Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12873-019-0244-3 · Cited by 16
Datta, U., Schoenrock, S. A., Bubier, J. A., Bogue, M. A., Jentsch, D., Logan, R. W., Tarantino, L. M., & Chesler, E. J. (2020) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.12645 · Cited by 17
The importance of translationally evaluating steroid hormone contributions to substance use
Maher, E. E., Strzelecki, A. M., Weafer, J. J., & Gipson, C. D. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101059 · Cited by 16
Hangover Predicts Residual Alcohol Effects on Psychomotor Vigilance the Morning After Intoxication
Howland, J., Rohsenow, D. J., Bliss, C. A., Almeida, A. B., & Calise, T. V. (2010) · Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy · doi:10.4172/2155-6105.1000101 · Cited by 15
Martin, E. L., Doncheck, E. M., Reichel, C. M., & McRae‐Clark, A. L. (2021) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100364 · Cited by 14
Carroll, M. E., Kohl, E. A., Johnson, K. M., & LaNasa, R. (2013) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2963-y · Cited by 13
Castle, M., & Flanigan, M. E. (2024) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100618 · Cited by 13
DiMatteo, J., Collins, S. L., & Evans, S. M. (2012) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2012.03.011 · Cited by 13
Lee, M. J., Yang, P. B., Wilcox, V. T., Burau, K. D., Swann, A. C., & Dafny, N. (2010) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-010-0510-8 · Cited by 13
Sex‐dependent differences in ethanol inhibition of mouse lateral orbitofrontal cortex neurons
Nimitvilai, S., Lopez, M. F., & Woodward, J. J. (2018) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.12698 · Cited by 13
Gender Differences in Cannabis Addiction and Dependence
Davis, C. A., & Fattore, L. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2294-9_12 · Cited by 12
Estrous cycle dependent expression of oxycodone conditioned reward in rats
Babb, J. A., Constantino, N. J., Kaplan, G. B., & Chartoff, E. H. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-40971-3 · Cited by 9
Prashad, S., Hammonds, R., Wiese, A. L., Milligan, A. L., & Filbey, F. M. (2020) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107931 · Cited by 11
de Jong, M., Wynchank, D. S. M. R., Michielsen, M., Beekman, A. T. F., & Kooij, J. J. S. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13072106 · Cited by 11
ADHD in Females Across the Lifespan and the Role of Estrogen
Littman, E., Dean, J. M., Wagenberg, B., & Wasserstein, J. (2021) · The ADHD Report · doi:10.1521/adhd.2021.29.5.1 · Cited by 10
Factors associated with contraceptive use among postpartum women with substance use disorder
Shelton, D., Ramage, M., Hughes, P., & Tak, C. R. (2022) · Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare · doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2022.100764 · Cited by 11
Pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and its metabolites in three phases of menstrual cycle
Nazir, S., Iqbal, Z. M., Ahmad, L., Shah, Y., & Nasir, F. (2014) · European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.1007/s13318-013-0167-4 · Cited by 10
Schnall, R., Liu, J., & Reame, N. E. (2019) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000001404 · Cited by 10
Effects of menstrual cycle phase on the reinforcing effects of phencyclidine (PCP) in rhesus monkeys
NEWMAN, J., THORNE, J., Batulis, D. K., & CARROLL, M. (2006) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2006.10.013 · Cited by 10
A systematic review of the effect of ovarian sex hormones on stimulant use in females
Arunogiri, S., Crossin, R., Rizzo, D., Walker, L. C., Ridley, K., & Gurvich, C. (2021) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.13079 · Cited by 9
The Role of Estrogen Signaling and Exercise in Drug Abuse: A Review
Ahmed, R., Zyla, S., Hammond, N., Blum, K., & Thanos, P. K. (2024) · Clinics and Practice · doi:10.3390/clinpract14010012 · Cited by 10
A Pilot Daily Diary Study of Changes in Stress and Cannabis Use Quantity Across the Menstrual Cycle
Hanzal, N., Joyce, K. M., Tibbo, P. G., & Stewart, S. H. (2019) · Cannabis · doi:10.26828/cannabis.2019.02.002 · Cited by 9
Illicit drug use, early age at first use and risk of premenstrual syndrome: A longitudinal study
Ju, H., Jones, M., & Mishra, G. D. (2015) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.03.037 · Cited by 10
Ambrose‐Lanci, L. M., Sterling, R. C., Weinstein, S. P., & Bockstaele, E. J. V. (2009) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1080/10550490902772710 · Cited by 9
Sung, Y., Yurgelun-Todd, D. A., Kondo, D. G., Shi, X.-F., Lundberg, K. J., Hellem, T., Huber, R. S., McGlade, E., Jeong, E., & Renshaw, P. F. (2015) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.3109/00952990.2015.1019673 · Cited by 8
Griffith, A. K., Martel, M. M., Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A., & Fillmore, M. T. (2022) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/pha0000611 · Cited by 10
Findeis, H., & Strauß, M. (2025) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111261 · Cited by 9
Nicotine Pretreatment Increases Dysphoric Effects of Alcohol in Luteal-Phase Female Volunteers
Penetar, D. M., Kouri, E. M., McCarthy, E. M., Lilly, M. M., Peters, E. N., Juliano, T. M., & Lukas, S. E. (2009) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph6020526 · Cited by 7
Lile, J. A., Alcorn, J. L., Hays, L. R., Kelly, T. H., Stoops, W. W., Wesley, M. J., & Westgate, P. M. (2021) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/pha0000464 · Cited by 7
Alcohol and Women: What is the Role of Biologic Factors?
Kuhn, C. M. (2011) · Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly · doi:10.1080/07347324.2011.608340 · Cited by 7
Weed, P. F., Leonard, S. T., Sankaranarayanan, A., & Winsauer, P. J. (2014) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1002/jeab.72 · Cited by 6
Human CYP2D6 varies across the estrous cycle in brains of transgenic mice altering drug response
Miksys, S. L., McDonald, C., Wadji, F. B., Gonzalez, F. J., & Tyndale, R. F. (2024) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111108 · Cited by 4
Gollapelli, K. K., Krizan, I. M., Bhoopal, B., Damuka, N., Moriarty, C., Miller, M. D., Sai, K. K. S., & Gould, R. W. (2025) · Pharmacological Reports · doi:10.1007/s43440-025-00695-9 · Cited by 3
Allen, A. M., Valenti, M., Linde-Krieger, L. B., Medvescek, K., & Farland, L. V. (2023) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/pha0000671 · Cited by 3
Teixeira, C. M., Bressan, J., Leal, A. C. G., Ribeiro, S. A. V., Juvanhol, L. L., Pimenta, A. M., & Hermsdorff, H. H. M. (2023) · International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/09637486.2023.2267793 · Cited by 3
Hormonal effects on externalizing problems in females across the lifespan
Martel, M. M., Eng, A. G., Nirjar, U., Petersen, M. K., Ramirez, M. P., Litteral, C. A., & Robinson, L. E. (2025) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2025.101206 · Cited by 3
Banwell, C. L., Dance, P., Olsen, A., & Dixon, J. (2009) · ANU Open Research (Australian National University) · Cited by 3
Special Issues in the Treatment of Women
Gramann, S. B. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29863-4_8 · Cited by 3
Antonio, R. D. L., & Pompéia, S. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0220222 · Cited by 4
Toward Optimal Health: Kathleen Brady, Ph.D., M.D., Discusses Challenges of Substance Abuse in Women
Godfrey, J. R. (2007) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2006.c072 · Cited by 3
Menstrual cycle-related changes in the human brain
Pletzer, B. A., Comasco, E., Hidalgo‐Lopez, E., Kimmig, A.-C. S., Poromaa, I. S., & Derntl, B. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820480-1.00151-0 · Cited by 4
Rough, M. I., Roberts, B. F., & Nader, M. A. (2025) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2025.174113 · Cited by 2
Liu, H., Wang, F., Zhang, Z., Huang, X., Chen, S., Wang, Y., Zhou, Y., Wu, T., Wu, M., Shi, B., et al. (2026) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2026.106481 · Cited by 2
Kuypers, K. P. C., Mason, N. L., Carlier, A., Totomanova, I., & Haijen, E. C. H. M. (2026) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-026-03801-2 · Cited by 2
Pabon, E., & de Wit, H. (2023) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173547 · Cited by 2
Król, M., Lankoff, A., Buraczewska, I., Derezińska, E., & Wójcik, A. (2007) · Radiation Protection Dosimetry · doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl545 · Cited by 2
Vo, H. T. (2011) · The Internet Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.5580/60c · Cited by 1
The Evolved Ovulation Cycle: Fluctuating Reproduction Motivation and Behavior
Chen, R., & ZHENG, Y. (2015) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2015.00836 · Cited by 1
심경옥 (2018) · 한국심리학회지 사회및성격 · doi:10.21193/kjspp.2018.32.4.004 · Cited by 1
A retrospective study of the test results of substance users admitted to a tertiary care center
Öğüt, Ç., & Yıldırım, M. Ş. (2025) · Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences · doi:10.1186/s41935-025-00447-z · Cited by 1
Overview of Women and Addiction
Thibaut, F. (2019) · Mental health and illness worldwide · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-0371-4_33-1 · Cited by 1
Evans, E. (2015) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 1
Mechanisms mediating sex differences in the effects of cocaine
Zhao, W. (2008) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan)
The Roles of Race and Sex in Addiction Research
Obasi, E. M., Richards, J. L., Pittman, D. M., Ingram, J., Beasley, M., & Ratliff, K. L. (2013) · doi:10.1002/9781118384404.ch3
Heijden, J. (2009) · Neuropraxis · doi:10.1007/bf03080165
The effects of progestins on animal models of cocaine bingeing and relapse.
Anker, J. J. (2009) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota)
Alcohol responses, cognitive impairment, and alcohol-related negative consequences
Quinn, P. D. (2014) · Texas ScholarWorks (Texas Digital Library)
Hernández, Ó., García-Martínez, R., Monteón, V., Alfonso-Arguello, J. I., & Osorio, J. B. (2013)
Pohlaví a drogová závislost: od animálních modelů ke klinické praxi
Amchová, P., & Kučerová, J. (2015) · Česká a slovenská psychiatrie
Sex dependent efficacy of taurine as a treatment for cocaine drug use: a study of reward
Uribe, K. P. (2015) · CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York)
심경옥, & Chun, W. Y. (2015) · 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 · doi:10.22172/cogbio.2015.27.3.004
Sex Differences in the Anxiety Effects of Cannabinoids
French, H. T. (2017) · CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York)
Martini, J., Knappe, S., Garthus‐Niegel, S., & Hoyer, J. (2017) · Frauenheilkunde up2date · doi:10.1055/s-0042-122585
Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A., Schmalenberger, K. M., Owens, S. A., Peters, J. R., Dawson, D. N., & Girdler, S. S. (2017) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/192658
Role of Stress-Associated Signaling in Addiction
Doncheck, E. M., & Mantsch, J. R. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812202-0.00011-7 · Cited by 1
Stemmler, M. S. (2012) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
Overview of Women and Addiction
Thibaut, F. (2020) · Mental health and illness worldwide · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2369-9_33
Sedgewick, A. E., Connery, H. S., & Greenfield, S. F. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-44459-4_13
The Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Different Age Groups
Deng, M. (2022) · Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Science Education and Art Appreciation (SEAA 2022) · doi:10.2991/978-2-494069-05-3_2
Sex differences in risk/reward decision making
Truckenbrod, L. M., Setlow, B., & Orsini, C. A. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820480-1.00110-8
Zorzini, G., Ly, M., Wahl, T. S., & Gordon, J. L. (2026) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2026.108866
Senani, F. G., Nemati, J., Niknam, A., & Jahromi, M. K. (2026) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2026.2733283
Metadata
- Authors
- Terner, J. M., & de Wit, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Terner, Jolan M.
- Venue
- Drug and Alcohol Dependence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-09
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-13
- ISSN
- 0376-8716 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1978652575
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Drug and Alcohol Dependence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (T32-DA07255, DA 02812, R01DA002812, T32DA007255)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Keywords
- menstrual cycle phases, ovarian hormones, drug abuse, psychostimulants, amphetamine, cocaine, alcohol, benzodiazepines, caffeine, cannabis, nicotine, opioids, follicular phase, luteal phase
- MeSH terms
- Central Nervous System Stimulants, Female, Humans, Menstrual Cycle, Substance-Related Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review