Sex-related hormonal influences on pain and analgesic responses

Fillingim, R.B.; Ness, T.J.

doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(00)00017-8

Cited by 554Pain Mechanisms and TreatmentsSex and Gender in HealthcarePain Management and Placebo Effect

Sex-related hormonal influences on pain and analgesic responses

Fillingim, R.B., Ness, T.J.·2000·Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

DOI 10.1016/s0149-7634(00)00017-8

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Abstract

Considerable evidence indicates sex-related differences in pain responses and in the effectiveness of various analgesic agents. Specifically, females are at greater risk for experiencing many forms of clinical pain and are more sensitive to experimentally induced pain relative to males. Regarding analgesic responses, nonhuman animal studies indicate greater opioid analgesia for males, while a limited human literature suggests the opposite. Though the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear, the influence of gonadal hormones on nociceptive processing represents one plausible pathway whereby such sex differences could emerge. The present article reviews the complex literature concerning sex steroid effects on pain responses and analgesia. First, nonhuman animal research related to hormonal effects on nociceptive sensitivity and analgesic responses is presented. Next, human studies regarding gonadal hormonal influences on experimental pain responses are reviewed. Several potential mechanisms underlying hormonal effects on nociceptive processing are discussed, including hormonal effects to both peripheral and central nervous system pathways involved in pain transmission. Finally, based on these findings we draw several conclusions and make specific recommendations that will guide future research as it attempts to elucidate the magnitude and importance of sex-related hormonal effects on the experience of pain.

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From Evaluating psychosocial contributions to chronic pain outcomes (2018) · cites this paper as [106]

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Sex, gender, and pain: a review of recent clinical and experimental findings
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Authors: Fillingim, R. B., & Ness, T. J.
Affiliations: University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
Corresponding author: Fillingim, R.B.
ORCID: Fillingim, R.B.
Ness, T.J.
Venue: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2000-06
Volume: 24
Issue: 4
Pages: 485-501
ISSN: 0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0149-7634(00)00017-8
OpenAlex: W2073214521
Cited by: 554
References: 182
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 22
FWCI: 2.62
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK51413, R01DK051413)
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (DE 12261, R29DE012261)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
Keywords: sex differences, gonadal hormones, sex steroids, pain sensitivity, analgesia, opioid analgesia, nociception, pain transmission
MeSH terms: Analgesics, Animals, Humans, Pain, Sex Characteristics

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Sex-related hormonal influences on pain and analgesic responses

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