Changes in drinking patterns during and after pregnancy among mothers of children with fetal alcohol syndrome: A study in three districts of South Africa

Urban, Michael F.; Olivier, Leana; Louw, Jacobus G.; Lombard, Chanelle; Viljoen, Denis L.; Scorgie, Fiona; Chersich, Matthew F.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.629

Cited by 19Prenatal Substance Exposure EffectsSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesAlcohol Consumption and Health Effects

Changes in drinking patterns during and after pregnancy among mothers of children with fetal alcohol syndrome: A study in three districts of South Africa

Urban, Michael F., Olivier, Leana, Louw, Jacobus G., Lombard, Chanelle, Viljoen, Denis L., Scorgie, Fiona, Chersich, Matthew F.·2016·Drug and Alcohol Dependence

DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.629

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background Mixed ancestry populations in South Africa have amongst the highest rates of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) worldwide. Defining the drinking patterns of women with a FAS child guides FAS preventive interventions.Methods Data were drawn from FAS prevalence surveys conducted in three districts: Witzenberg (Cape Winelands), Frances Baard (inland mining town) and Saldanha Bay (coastal towns). 156 mothers and 50 proxy informants of school-entry children diagnosed with FAS and partial-FAS were interviewed, and compared with 55 controls recruited in Saldanha Bay.Results Study participants were of low socio-economic status (SES), and a majority of children were either in foster care (12%) or had been cared for by relatives for long periods (44%). Of cases, 123/160 (77%) reported current drinking, similar between sites. During pregnancy, only 35% (49/139) of cases had stopped drinking, varying between sites (from 21% to 54% in chronological order of surveys; p<0.001), while 6% (7/109) increased drinking. Though many women who stopped in pregnancy resumed postpartum, cessation in pregnancy was strongly associated with discontinuation in the long run (OR=3.3; 95%CI=1.2-8.9; p=0.005). At interview, 36% of cases (54/151) and 18% of controls (9/51) were at risk of an alcohol-exposed pregnancy (p=0.02). Median maternal mass of cases was 22kg lower than controls, with 20% being underweight and 14% microcephalic.Conclusions Increasing rates of drinking cessation during pregnancy over time suggest rising awareness of FAS. Cessation is associated with recidivism after pregnancy but also with reduced long-term drinking. Interventions should target alcohol abstinence in pregnancy, but extend into the puerperium.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.629

Cites

41 of 41 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The maternal interview questionnaire has been used extensively in prevalence studies in South Africa to identify whether children were exposed to alcohol during pregnancy.
“The interview questionnaire has been used extensively in prevalence studies in South Africa to identify whether children were exposed to alcohol during pregnancy [3,31-33].”
From Evaluation of a Custom-Developed Computer Game to Improve Executive Functioning in 4- to 6-Year-Old Children Exposed to Alcohol in Utero: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as [31]

A Practical Clinical Approach to Diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Clarification of the 1996 Institute of Medicine Criteria
Hoyme, H. E., May, P. A., Kalberg, W. O., Kodituwakku, P. W., Gossage, J. P., Trujillo, P. M., Buckley, D. G., Miller, J. H., Aragón, A. S., Khaole, N., et al. (2005) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2004-0259 · Cited by 981 · see citing works
Self-citation
HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE FROM BIRTH TO EIGHTEEN YEARS
Nellhaus, G. (1968) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.41.1.106 · Cited by 745 · see citing works
South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 1998
África, S., & Macro, O. (2002) · Cited by 618 · see citing works
Maternal risk factors in fetal alcohol syndrome: Provocative and permissive influences
Abel, E. L., & Hannigan, J. H. (1995) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(95)98055-6 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Epidemiology of fetal alcohol syndrome in a South African community in the Western Cape Province
May, P. A., Brooke, L. E., Gossage, J. P., Croxford, J. A., Adnams, C. M., Jones, K. L., Robinson, L. K., & Viljoen, D. L. (2000) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.90.12.1905 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Self-citation
The epidemiology of fetal alcohol syndrome and partial FAS in a South African community
May, P. A., Gossage, J. P., Marais, A., Adnams, C. M., Hoyme, H. E., Jones, K. L., Robinson, L. K., Khaole, N., Snell, C. L., Kalberg, W. O., et al. (2006) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.11.007 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Self-citation
Maternal body mass index and risk of birth and maternal health outcomes in low‐ and middle‐income countries: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Rahman, M. M., Abe, S. K., Kanda, M., Narita, S., Rahman, M. S., Bilano, V., Ota, E., Gilmour, S., & Shibuya, K. (2015) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12293 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Maternal Risk Factors for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in the Western Cape Province of South Africa: A Population-Based Study
May, P. A., Gossage, J. P., Brooke, L. E., Snell, C. L., Marais, A., Hendricks, L. S., Croxford, J. A., & Viljoen, D. L. (2005) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2003.037093 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Self-citation
Maternal risk factors for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: not as simple as it might seem.
May, P. A., & Gossage, J. P. (2011) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Fetal alcohol syndrome epidemiology in a South African community: a second study of a very high prevalence area.
Viljoen, D. L., Gossage, J. P., Brooke, L. E., Adnams, C. M., Jones, K. L., Robinson, L. K., Hoyme, H. E., Snell, C. L., Khaole, N., Kodituwakku, P. W., et al. (2005) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.2005.66.593 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Self-citation
Approaching the Prevalence of the Full Spectrum of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in a <scp>S</scp> outh <scp>A</scp> frican Population‐Based Study
May, P. A., Blankenship, J., Marais, A., Gossage, J. P., Kalberg, W. O., Barnard, R., De Vries, M., Robinson, L. K., Adnams, C. M., Buckley, D., et al. (2013) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.12033 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Obesity in South Africa: challenges for government and health professionals
Kruger, H. S., Puoane, T. R., Senekal, M., & van der Merwe, M.-T. (2005) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1079/phn2005785 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in Child Care Settings: A Meta-analysis
Lange, S., Shield, K. D., Rehm, J. T., & Popova, S. (2013) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2013-0066 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
CROSS-CULTURAL EVALUATION OF TWO DRINKING ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS: ALCOHOL TIMELINE FOLLOWBACK AND INVENTORY OF DRINKING SITUATIONS
Sobell, L. C., Agrawal, S., Annis, H. M., Velázquez, H. A., Echeverría, L., Leo, G. I., RYBAKOWSKI, J. K., Sandahl, C., Saunders, B., Thomas, S. C., et al. (2001) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1081/ja-100102628 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Characteristics of mothers of children with fetal alcohol syndrome in the Western Cape Province of South Africa: a case control study.
Viljoen, D. L., Croxford, J. A., Gossage, J. P., Kodituwakku, P. W., & May, P. A. (2002) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.2002.63.6 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citation
The `dop' system, alcohol abuse and social control amongst farm workers in South Africa: a public health challenge
London, L. (1999) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(98)00445-6 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Women and poverty: the South African experience.
Kehler, J. (2001) · Journal of international women's studies · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Thirty-Six-Month Outcomes of a Generalist Paraprofessional Perinatal Home Visiting Intervention in South Africa on Maternal Health and Child Health and Development
Tomlinson, M., Rotheram‐Borus, M. J., le Roux, I. M., Youssef, M. K., Nelson, S. H., Scheffler, A., Weiss, R. E., O’Connor, M. J., & Worthman, C. M. (2016) · Prevention Science · doi:10.1007/s11121-016-0676-x · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Fetal alcohol syndrome among grade 1 schoolchildren in Northern Cape Province: prevalence and risk factors.
Urban, M. F., Chersich, M., Fourie, L.-A., Chetty, C., Olivier, L., & Viljoen, D. L. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Self-citation
A 14-year retrospective maternal report of alcohol consumption in pregnancy predicts pregnancy and teen outcomes
Hannigan, J. H., Chiodo, L. M., Sokol, R. J., Janisse, J. J., Ager, J. W., Greenwald, M. K., & Delaney‐Black, V. (2009) · Alcohol · doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2009.03.003 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Focus on: ethnicity and the social and health harms from drinking
Chartier, K. G. (2013) · Alcohol research · doi:10.35946/arcr.v35.2.13 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Trends in alcohol prevalence, age of initiation and association with alcohol-related harm among South African youth: Implications for policy
Ramsoomar, L., & Morojele, N. K. (2012) · South African Medical Journal · doi:10.7196/samj.5766 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
“It's better for me to drink, at least the stress is going away”: Perspectives on alcohol use during pregnancy among South African women attending drinking establishments
Watt, M. H., Eaton, L. A., Choi, K. W., Velloza, J., Kalichman, S. C., Skinner, D. G., & Sikkema, K. J. (2014) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.06.048 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Prevention of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
Floyd, R. L., Weber, M. K., Denny, C. H., & O’Connor, M. J. (2009) · Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/ddrr.75 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
A randomized controlled trial of motivational interviewing to prevent risk for an alcohol‐exposed pregnancy in the <scp>W</scp> estern <scp>C</scp> ape, <scp>S</scp> outh <scp>A</scp> frica
Rendall‐Mkosi, K., Morojele, N., London, L., Moodley, S., Singh, C., & Girdler‐Brown, B. (2013) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12081 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Maternal Factors Predicting Cognitive and Behavioral Characteristics of Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
May, P. A., Tabachnick, B. G., Gossage, J. P., Kalberg, W. O., Marais, A., Robinson, L. K., Manning, M. A., Blankenship, J., Buckley, D. G., Hoyme, H. E., et al. (2013) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0b013e3182905587 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Women's alcohol consumption and risk for alcohol‐exposed pregnancies in Russia
Balachova, T. N., Bonner, B. L., Chaffin, M. J., Bard, D., Isurina, G., Tsvetkova, L., & Volkova, E. (2011) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03569.x · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Fetal alcohol syndrome among grade-one children in the Northern Cape Province: prevalence and risk factors
Urban, M. F., Chersich, M., Fourie, L.-A., Chetty, C., Olivier, L., & Viljoen, D. L. (2008) · South African Medical Journal · doi:10.7196/samj.1528 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citation
Predictors of risk of alcohol-exposed pregnancies among women in an urban and a rural area of South Africa
Morojele, N. K., London, L., Olorunju, S. A. S., Matjila, M. J., Davids, A., & Rendall‐Mkosi, K. (2009) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.10.040 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Human Rights, Environmental Justice, and the Health of Farm Workers in South Africa
London, L. (2003) · International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1179/107735203800328876 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Universal Prevention is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in Northern Cape, South Africa: A Multicentre Before–After Study
Chersich, M. F., Urban, M., Olivier, L., Davies, L.-A., Chetty, C., & Viljoen, D. (2012) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agr145 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citation
Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in a South African City with a Predominantly Black African Population
Urban, M. F., Olivier, L., Viljoen, D., Lombard, C., Louw, J. G., Drotsky, L., Temmerman, M., & Chersich, M. F. (2015) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.12726 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citation
Perceived need for substance use treatment among young women from disadvantaged communities in Cape Town, South Africa
MYERS, B. J., Kline, T., Doherty, I. A., Carney, T., & Wechsberg, W. M. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-14-100 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Fetal alcohol syndrome--South Africa, 2001.
(2003) · PubMed · Cited by 43 · see citing works
A PILOT STUDY OF ALCOHOL EXPOSURE AND PHARMACOKINETICS IN WOMEN WITH OR WITHOUT CHILDREN WITH FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
Khaole, N., Ramchandani, V. A., Viljoen, D. L., & Li, T. (2004) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh089 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citation
Alcohol Use, Working Conditions, Job Benefits, and the Legacy of the “Dop” System among Farm Workers in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: Hope Despite High Levels of Risky Drinking
Gossage, J. P., Snell, C. L., Parry, C. D. H., Marais, A., Barnard, R., de Vries, M. M., Blankenship, J., Seedat, S., Hasken, J. M., & May, P. A. (2014) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph110707406 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Human Rights, Environmental Justice, and the Health of Farm Workers in South Africa
London, L. (2003) · International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1179/oeh.2003.9.1.59 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Demand-side financing measures to increase maternal health service utilisation and improve health outcomes: a systematic review of evidence from low- and middle-income countries
Murray, S. F., Hunter, B. M., Bisht, R., Ensor, T., & Bick, D. (2012) · The JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports · doi:10.11124/jbisrir-2012-408 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Screening for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders by nonmedical community workers.
O’Connor, M. J., Rotheram‐Borus, M. J., Tomlinson, M., Bill, C., LeRoux, I. M., & Stewart, J. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Trajectories of Alcohol Use and Binge Drinking Among Pregnant Inuit Women
Fortin, M., Muckle, G., Anassour-Laouan-Sidi, E., Jacobson, S. W., Jacobson, J. L., & Bélanger, R. E. (2015) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agv112 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Using a single binge drinking question to identify Russian women at risk for an alcohol-exposed pregnancy
Balachova, T. N., Sobell, L. C., Agrawal, S., Isurina, G., Tsvetkova, L., Volkova, E., & Bohora, S. B. (2015) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.03.003 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Pregnancy, Fertility, Breastfeeding, and Alcohol Consumption: An Analysis of Framing and Completeness of Information Disseminated by Alcohol Industry–Funded Organizations
Lim, A. W. Y., van Schalkwyk, M. C., Maani, N., & Petticrew, M. P. (2019) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2019.80.524 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Patterns of Alcohol Abuse, Depression, and Intimate Partner Violence Among Township Mothers in South Africa Over 5 Years
Davis, E., Rotheram‐Borus, M. J., Weichle, T. W., Rezai, R., & Tomlinson, M. (2017) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-017-1927-y · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Guideline No. 405: Screening and Counselling for Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy
Graves, L. E., Carson, G. D., Poole, N., Patel, T., Bigalky, J., Green, C. R., & Cook, J. L. (2020) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2020.03.002 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
A scoping review of the determinants of foetal alcohol spectrum disorder in South Africa: an intersectional perspective
Jong, M. D., George, A. S., & Jacobs, T. (2021) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czab101 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in foster care: A scoping review
Engesether, B., Hoffner, M., Johnson, E., Klug, M. G., Popova, S., & Burd, L. (2024) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.15394 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Women who drank while pregnant: The importance of social context in the lives of South African pregnant women
Kelly, J., & Ward, C. L. (2017) · Drugs Education Prevention and Policy · doi:10.1080/09687637.2017.1316703 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Comparing diagnostic outcomes of children with fetal alcohol syndrome in South Africa with diagnostic outcomes when using the updated Institute of Medicine diagnostic guidelines
Viljoen, D. L., Louw, J. G., Lombard, C., & Olivier, L. (2018) · Birth Defects Research · doi:10.1002/bdr2.1399 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citation
Evaluation of a Custom-Developed Computer Game to Improve Executive Functioning in 4- to 6-Year-Old Children Exposed to Alcohol in Utero: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Louw, J. G., Olivier, L., Skeen, S., van Heerden, A., & Tomlinson, M. (2019) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/14489 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citation
A multi‐year, multi‐site study of the prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome in South Africa
Louw, J. G., Broodryk, M., White, L., Acker, D., Viljoen, D. L., & Olivier, L. (2024) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.15306 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citation
Unrealistic optimism with regard to drinking during pregnancy among women of childbearing age in a South African community
Louw, J., Tomlinson, M., & Olivier, L. (2018) · South African Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1177/0081246317717105 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citation
Executive Function After Prenatal Alcohol Exposure in Children in a South African Population: Cross-sectional Study
Louw, J., van Heerden, A., Olivier, L., Lambrechts, T., Broodryk, M., Bunge, L., Vosloo, M., & Tomlinson, M. (2021) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/20658 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citation
Photo-Elicited Interviews: A Method to Create Open Communication for Mothers Raising Children With Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
Drotsky, L., Sonday, A., & Gretschel, P. (2021) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/16094069211040980 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in South Africa
Olivier (2017) · doi:10.26481/dis.20171212lo · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Directive clinique no 405 : Dépistage et conseils en matière de consommation d'alcool pendant la grossesse
Graves, D. L., Carson, G. D., Poole, N., Patel, D. T., Bigalky, J., Green, C. R., & Cook, J. L. (2020) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2020.07.005 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Barriers and Facilitators of Alcohol Abstinence During Pregnancy - a Qualitative Study in Rural South AfricaPreprint
Rawoot, I. A., Scott, C. J., & Urban, M. F. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-237620/v1
Self-citation
Computer-based cognitive training for cognitive development of alcohol-exposed children in South Africa: a feasibility randomised control trial
Louw, J. G., van Heerden, A. C., Broodryk, M., White, L., Olivier, L., & Tomlinson, M. (2023) · South African Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1177/00812463231186266
Self-citation
Community-Based Adaptation and Evaluation of a Peer-Led Intervention to Address Alcohol Use and HIV in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in South Africa: Protocol for the “Mentor Mothers Plus” Randomized Control Trial
Essack, Z., Petersen, Z., Miller, A. P., Dean, S. S., Daniels, D., Hofmeester, H., Belin, T. R., van Rooyen, H., Louw, J. G., & Davey, D. J. (2025) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/78856
Self-citation
SOGC Clinical Practice Guideline No. 471: Alcohol and Pregnancy
Allen, V., Cook, J. L., Chandrasekaran, N., Christie, J., Thompson, H., & Ouellet, A. (2026) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2026.103505
Ligne directrice de pratique clinique n° 471 - Alcool et grossesse
Allen, V., Cook, J. L., Chandrasekaran, N., Christie, J., Thompson, H., & Ouellet, A. (2026) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2026.103506

Characteristics of mothers of children with fetal alcohol syndrome in the Western Cape Province of South Africa: a case control study.
Viljoen, D. L., Croxford, J. A., Gossage, J. P., Kodituwakku, P. W., & May, P. A. (2002) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.2002.63.6 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citation
Maternal Risk Factors for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in the Western Cape Province of South Africa: A Population-Based Study
May, P. A., Gossage, J. P., Brooke, L. E., Snell, C. L., Marais, A., Hendricks, L. S., Croxford, J. A., & Viljoen, D. L. (2005) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2003.037093 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Self-citation
The prevalence, child characteristics, and maternal risk factors for the continuum of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: A sixth population-based study in the same South African community
May, P. A., Marais, A., de Vries, M. M., Buckley, D. G., Kalberg, W. O., Hasken, J. M., Stegall, J. M., Hedrick, D. M., Robinson, L. K., Manning, M. A., et al. (2020) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108408 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
COMPARISON OF BASELINE DRINKING PRACTICES, KNOWLEDGE, AND ATTITUDES OF ADULTS RESIDING IN COMMUNITIES TAKING PART IN THE FAS PREVENTION STUDY IN SOUTH AFRICA.
Parry, C. D. H., Gossage, J. P., Marais, A., Barnard, R., de Vries, M. M., Blankenship, J., Seedat, S., & May, P. A. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Maternal Risk Factors for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Partial Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in South Africa: A Third Study
May, P. A., Gossage, J. P., Marais, A., Hendricks, L. S., Snell, C. L., Tabachnick, B. G., Stellavato, C., Buckley, D. G., Brooke, L. E., & Viljoen, D. L. (2008) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00634.x · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Urban, M. F., Olivier, L., Louw, J. G., Lombard, C., Viljoen, D. L., Scorgie, F., & Chersich, M. F.
Affiliations: Stellenbosch University (ZA)
Foundation for Alcohol Related Research (ZA)
University of the Witwatersrand (ZA)
Corresponding author: Urban, Michael F.
ORCID: Urban, Michael F.
Olivier, Leana
Louw, Jacobus G.
Viljoen, Denis L.
Scorgie, Fiona
Chersich, Matthew F.
Venue: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-11
Volume: 168
Pages: 13-21
ISSN: 0376-8716 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.629
OpenAlex: W2508439821
Cited by: 19
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4
FWCI: 2.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Drug and Alcohol Dependence (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Departments of Social Development in the Northern and Western Cape Provinces
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
Keywords: fetal alcohol syndrome, maternal alcohol consumption, pregnancy, alcohol cessation, alcohol-exposed pregnancy, maternal underweight, microcephaly, admixed populations, South Africa
MeSH terms: Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Drinking Behavior, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Mothers, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Social Class, South Africa, Prevalence, Postpartum Period, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, Alcohol Abstinence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Changes in drinking patterns during and after pregnancy among mothers of children with fetal alcohol syndrome: A study in three districts of South Africa

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks