Cortical thickness and cognition in very-low-birth-weight late teenagers
Abstract
Background Preterm born children with very low birth weight (VLBW: bw ≤ 1500 g) have an increased risk of perinatal brain injury which may influence the subsequent maturation of grey and white matter. Aberrant cortical development may have implications for future cognitive functioning.Aims The aim of this study was to measure deviations in cortical thickness and to investigate the relationship between cortical thickness, perinatal variables and IQ measurements in VLBW late teenagers compared with term-born controls.Study design Prospective follow-up study of three year cohorts of children from birth to early adulthood.Subject Forty-seven VLBW and 61 term born controls were examined at ages 18-21.Outcome measures Cognitive function was assessed with the WAIS-III, measuring full IQ and IQ indices. We applied an automated method to reconstruct the cortical surface based on T1-weighted MRI images using the FreeSurfer software.Results We found widespread areas of thinner cerebral cortex in the left parietal and temporal lobes and thicker cortex in frontal areas bilaterally in the VLBW group compared to controls. There were positive correlations between IQ and cortical thickness in areas in ventro-lateral frontal, parietal and temporal lobes in the VLBW group. The most pronounced cortical changes were seen in the VLBW subjects with the lowest birth weight and gestational age, and in those with IQ below 89.Conclusion Persistent cortical deviations seen in VLBW late teenagers are associated with immaturity at birth and level of cognitive functioning.
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In preterm birth, changes in white and gray matter including reductions in cortical surface area and cortical thickness of the PFC are described.
“In preterm birth, changes in white and gray matter including reductions in cortical surface area and cortical thickness of the PFC are described [361–364].”
From Development of prefrontal cortex (2022) · cites this paper as [362]
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Development of prefrontal cortex
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- Authors
- Bjuland, K. J., Løhaugen, G. C. C., Martinussen, M., & Skranes, J.
- Affiliations
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Bjuland, Knut Jørgen
- Venue
- Early Human Development
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-06
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 371-380
- ISSN
- 0378-3782 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2022836407
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 6.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Early Human Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet
- Norges Forskningsråd
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Keywords
- very low birth weight, cortical thickness, preterm birth, perinatal brain injury, IQ, cognitive function, cortical development, gestational age, birth weight, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, late adolescence, brain maturation
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Cerebral Cortex, Child Development, Cognition, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Intelligence, Male, Parietal Lobe, Prospective Studies, Temporal Lobe, Case-Control Studies, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Young Adult
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