Cited by 296Forest ecology and managementEcology and Vegetation Dynamics StudiesRemote Sensing and LiDAR Applications

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 62 of the 62 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Forest stand structure and functioning: Current knowledge and future challenges

Ali, Arshad·2019·Ecological Indicators

DOI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.11.017

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.11.017

Cites

62 of 62 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Measuring biological diversity
Magurran, A. E. (2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-1547 · Cited by 6,617
Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: Current knowledge and future challenges
Loreau, M., Naeem, S., Inchausti, P., Bengtsson, J., Grime, J. P., Hector, A., Hooper, D. U., Huston, M. A., Raffaelli, D., Schmid, B., et al. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1064088 · Cited by 4,649
Measuring Biological Diversity
Reid, J. R. W. (2005) · Austral Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1442-9993.2005.01502.x · Cited by 4,471
Partitioning selection and complementarity in biodiversity experiments
Loreau, M., & Hector, A. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35083573 · Cited by 3,528
Diversity and Productivity in a Long-Term Grassland Experiment
Tilman, D., Reich, P. B., Knops, J., Wedin, D., Mielke, T., & Lehman, C. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1060391 · Cited by 2,373
THE ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF CHANGES IN BIODIVERSITY: A SEARCH FOR GENERAL PRINCIPLES 101
Tilman, D. G. (1999) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080[1455:tecoci]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 2,238
Higher levels of multiple ecosystem services are found in forests with more tree species
Gamfeldt, L., Snäll, T., Bagchi, R., Jonsson, M., Gustafsson, L., Kjellander, P., Ruiz-Jaen, M. C., Fröberg, M., Stendahl, J., Philipson, C. D., et al. (2013) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms2328 · Cited by 1,477
Mechanisms determining the degree of size asymmetry in competition among plants
Schwinning, S., & Weiner, J. (1998) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s004420050397 · Cited by 1,061
The Ecological Consequences of Changes in Biodiversity: A Search for General Principles
Tilman, D. (1999) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/176540 · Cited by 1,002
The effect of biodiversity on tree productivity: from temperate to boreal forests
Paquette, A., & Messier, C. (2011) · Global Ecology and Biogeography · doi:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00592.x · Cited by 924

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 62 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Smith, 1992, Determinants of stemwood production in coniferous forests: a comparison of Pinus contorta var. latifolia and Abies lasiocarpa. The Ecology of Mixed-Species Stands of, Trees, 87

Sorted by citations

Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality
Wang, F., Harindintwali, J. D., Yuan, Z., Wang, M., Wang, F., Li, S., Yin, Z., Huang, L., Fu, Y., Li, L., et al. (2021) · The Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100180 · Cited by 1,330
“Regulating stands into amore complex vertical structurewill lead to faster growth and greater C sequestration in forests because multilayered canopies will occupy a range of light environments, resulting in high light acquisition and light-use efficiency.(180,181) Since the SOC storage of broad-leaved forests is signi…”
Background
Above‐ and below‐ground biodiversity jointly regulate temperate forest multifunctionality along a local‐scale environmental gradient
Yuan, Z., Ali, A., Ruiz‐Benito, P., Jucker, T., Mori, A., Wang, S., Zhang, X., Li, H., Hao, Z., Wang, X., et al. (2020) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13378 · Cited by 191
“Stand structural complexity generally regulates or mediates the relationship between species diversity and forest functioning through several underlying ecological mechanisms across different forest biomes (Ali, 2019).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Neighbour species richness and local structural variability modulate aboveground allocation patterns and crown morphology of individual trees
Kunz, M., Fichtner, A., Härdtle, W., Raumonen, P., Bruelheide, H., & von Oheimb, G. (2019) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/ele.13400 · Cited by 137
“Our findings, however, are in line with the conceptional model on the influence of stand structural attributes on forest functioning, which ranges from positive over neutral to negative (Ali 2019).”
Result
Enhancing ecosystem productivity and stability with increasing canopy structural complexity in global forests
Liu, X., Feng, Y., Hu, T., Luo, Y., Zhao, X., Wu, J., Maeda, E. E., Ju, W., Liu, L., Guo, Q., et al. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adl1947 · Cited by 137
“However, contradictory observations have also been reported, showing negative or neutral correlations between forest CSC and forest ecosystem productivity and stability ( 23 , 24 ).”
Background
Divergent above‐ and below‐ground biodiversity pathways mediate disturbance impacts on temperate forest multifunctionality
Yuan, Z., Ali, A., Loreau, M., Ding, F., Liu, S., Sanaei, A., Zhou, W., Ye, J., Lin, F., Fang, S., et al. (2021) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.15606 · Cited by 86
“…size inequality (i.e. CVD) increases, niche differentiation among and plasticity within trees probably augment heterogeneity in branch and leaf density and morphology, resulting in more efficient light intercept and utilize across a range of light conditions (Ali, 2019; Yachi & Loreau, 2007).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Stand structure determines aboveground biomass across temperate forest types and species mixture along a local-scale elevational gradient
Ullah, F., Gilani, H., Sanaei, A., Hussain, K., & Ali, A. (2021) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2021.118984 · Cited by 85
Self-citation
Biodiversity–ecosystem functioning research: Brief history, major trends and perspectives
Ali, A. (2023) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110210 · Cited by 93
Self-citation
Big-sized trees and forest functioning: Current knowledge and future perspectives
Ali, A., & Wang, L. (2021) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107760 · Cited by 78
Self-citation
Structural and species diversity explain aboveground carbon storage in forests across the United States: Evidence from GEDI and forest inventory data
Crockett, E. T. H., Atkins, J. W., Guo, Q., Sun, G., Potter, K. M., Ollinger, S. V., Silva, C. A., Tang, H., Woodall, C. W., Holgerson, J., et al. (2023) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2023.113703 · Cited by 88
“Structural diversity may be a better predictor of some ecosystem functions than biodiversity (Ali, 2019; Dănescu et al., 2016; Gough et al., 2019; Hardiman et al., 2011; Silva Pedro et al., 2017), as structural diversity may provide a more direct indicator of the niche space occupied within a…”
Background
A novel entropy-based method to quantify forest canopy structural complexity from multiplatform lidar point clouds
Liu, X., Ma, Q., Wu, X., Hu, T., Liu, Z., Liu, L., Guo, Q., & Su, Y. (2022) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2022.113280 · Cited by 75
Topography and forest diversity facets regulate overstory and understory aboveground biomass in a temperate forest of South Korea
Chun, J., Ali, A., & Lee, C. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140783 · Cited by 73
Self-citation
Plant functional trait diversity and structural diversity co-underpin ecosystem multifunctionality in subtropical forests
Ouyang, S., Gou, M., Lei, P., Liu, Y., Chen, L., Deng, X., Zhao, Z., Zeng, Y., Hu, Y., Peng, C. H., et al. (2023) · Forest Ecosystems · doi:10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100093 · Cited by 72
Structural diversity is better associated with forest productivity than species or functional diversity
Zhai, L., Will, R. E., & Zhang, B. (2024) · Ecology · doi:10.1002/ecy.4269 · Cited by 65
Few large trees, rather than plant diversity and composition, drive the above-ground biomass stock and dynamics of temperate forests in northeast China
Yuan, Z., Ali, A., Sanaei, A., Ruiz‐Benito, P., Jucker, T., Fang, L., Bai, E., Ye, J., Lin, F., Fang, S., et al. (2020) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118698 · Cited by 62
Self-citation
Context-dependency of tree species diversity, trait composition and stand structural attributes regulate temperate forest multifunctionality
Sanaei, A., Ali, A., Yuan, Z., Liu, S., Lin, F., Fang, S., Ye, J., Hao, Z., Loreau, M., Bai, E., et al. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143724 · Cited by 62
Self-citation
Impacts of climatic and edaphic factors on the diversity, structure and biomass of species-poor and structurally-complex forests
Ali, A., Sanaei, A., Li, M., Nalivan, O. A., Ahmadaali, K., Pour, M. J., Valipour, A., کرمی, ج., Aminpour, M., Kaboli, S. H., et al. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135719 · Cited by 62
Self-citation
From canopy complementarity to asymmetric competition: The negative relationship between structural diversity and productivity during succession
Yi, X., Wang, N., Ren, H., Yu, J.-P., Hu, T., Su, Y., Mi, X., Guo, Q., & Ma, K. (2021) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13813 · Cited by 53
“For example, both positive and negative relationships between structural diversity and productivity have been observed (Ali, 2019; Ammer, 2019; Fahey et al., 2015; Williams et al., 2017).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Species diversity and stand structural diversity of woody plants predominantly determine aboveground carbon stock of a dry Afromontane forest in Northern Ethiopia
Tetemke, B. A., Birhane, E., Rannestad, M. M., & Eid, T. (2021) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119634 · Cited by 53
Importance of tree species size dominance and heterogeneity on the productivity of spruce-fir-beech mountain forest stands in Europe
Torresan, C., del Rı́o, M., Hilmers, T., Notarangelo, M., Bielak, K., Binder, F., Bončina, A., Bošeľa, M., Forrester, D. I., Hobi, M. L., et al. (2019) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117716 · Cited by 55
Community and structural constraints on the complexity of eastern North American forests
Gough, C. M., Atkins, J. W., Fahey, R. T., Hardiman, B. S., & LaRue, E. A. (2020) · Global Ecology and Biogeography · doi:10.1111/geb.13180 · Cited by 47
Patterns and drivers of tree carbon stocks in Kashmir Himalayan forests: implications for climate change mitigation
Dar, A. A., & Parthasarathy, N. (2022) · Ecological Processes · doi:10.1186/s13717-022-00402-z · Cited by 47
“Ecosystem production is larger in structurally diversified forests than in simpler ones (Ali 2019).”
Background
Linking forest ecosystem processes, functions and services under integrative social–ecological research agenda: current knowledge and perspectives
Ali, A. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164768 · Cited by 47
Self-citation
Species richness, not abundance, drives ecosystem multifunctionality in a subtropical coniferous forest
Li, S., Liu, W., Lang, X., Huang, X., & Su, J. (2020) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106911 · Cited by 42
Disturbance has variable effects on the structural complexity of a temperate forest landscape
Gough, C. M., Atkins, J. W., Fahey, R. T., Curtis, P. S., Bohrer, G., Hardiman, B. S., Hickey, L. J., Nave, L. E., Niedermaier, K. M., Clay, C., et al. (2022) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109004 · Cited by 41
The coordinated impact of forest internal structural complexity and tree species diversity on forest productivity across forest biomes
Ma, Q., Su, Y., Hu, T., Jiang, L., Mi, X., Lin, L., Cao, M., Wang, X., Lin, F., Wang, B., et al. (2022) · Fundamental Research · doi:10.1016/j.fmre.2022.10.005 · Cited by 38
“6 b), indicating a richer tree species composition may have a taller and internally more complex canopy so that trees can fully take advantage of the vertical space to develop ﬁner ecological niches and therefore compete for the limited light resources [ 7 , 40 ].”
Background
A review of the growth behaviour of stands and trees in even-aged, monospecific forest
West, P. W. (2024) · Annals of Forest Science · doi:10.1186/s13595-024-01250-x · Cited by 38
Forest biodiversity increases productivity via complementarity from greater canopy structural complexity
Deng, X., Schmid, B., Bruelheide, H., Chen, C., Li, Y., Li, S., Morsdorf, F., Ray, T., Schuman, M. C., Tang, T., et al. (2025) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2506750122 · Cited by 47
“This relationship is likely to depend on the growth stage of the trees as well as on the successional or ecological stage of the forest, and possibly on the number and identity of species ( 65 , 66 ).”
Seeing the wood for the trees: Carbon storage and conservation in temperate forests of the Himalayas
Måren, I. E., & Sharma, L. N. (2021) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119010 · Cited by 38
Structure complexity is the primary driver of functional diversity in the temperate forests of northeastern China
Lian, Z., Wang, J., Fan, C., & von Gadow, K. (2022) · Forest Ecosystems · doi:10.1016/j.fecs.2022.100048 · Cited by 36
Effects of stand age and structure on root distribution and root water uptake in fast-growing poplar plantations
Zhu, W., Ou, Z., Sun, Y., Li, X., Di, N., Li, D., Yilihamu, G., Wang, Y., Fu, J., Xi, B., et al. (2022) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128831 · Cited by 35
Comparison of Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients for selected traits of Pinus sylvestris L.
Bocianowski, J., Wrońska‐Pilarek, D., Krysztofiak‐Kaniewska, A., Matusiak, K., & Wiatrowska, B. M. (2024) · Biometrical Letters · doi:10.2478/bile-2024-0008 · Cited by 52
Functional Diversity Explains Ecosystem Carbon Storage in Subtropical Forests
Wu, Y., Zheng, J., Gao, J., He, X., Liu, X., Chen, Y., Liu, J., & Li, C. (2025) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.70120 · Cited by 37
“Recent studies have demonstrated that structural diversity has a greater capacity to drive biomass carbon than biodiversity (Ali 2019; Aponte et al. 2020; Gough et al. 2019; Wen et al. 2022).”
Species composition, structure, and functional traits in Argentine Chaco forests under two different disturbance histories
Loto, D. E., & Bravo, S. (2020) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106232 · Cited by 34
Response of community diversity and productivity to canopy gap disturbance in subtropical forests
Ren, S., Ali, A., Liu, H., Yuan, Z., Yang, Q., Shen, G., Zhou, S., & Wang, X. (2021) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119740 · Cited by 34
“In panels a and b, black hash bar is the direct effect, gray is the indirect effect, and black is the total effect. optimize light resources in the understory and promote the complementarity effect of light resources in the overstory and understory (Fahey et al., 2015; Ali, 2019).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Mangrove tree growth is size-dependent across a large-scale salinity gradient
Ahmed, S., Sarker, S. K., Friess, D. A., Kamruzzaman, M., Jacobs, M., Sillanpää, M., Naabeh, C. S. S., & Pretzsch, H. (2023) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2023.120954 · Cited by 34
Effects of local neighbourhood diversity on crown structure and productivity of individual trees in mature mixed-species forests
Georgi, L., Kunz, M., Fichtner, A., Reich, K. F., Bienert, A., Maas, H., & von Oheimb, G. (2021) · Forest Ecosystems · doi:10.1186/s40663-021-00306-y · Cited by 36
Tree size inequality and competition effects on nonlinear mixed effects crown width model for natural spruce-fir-broadleaf mixed forest in northeast China
Qin, Y., He, X., Lei, X., Feng, L., Zhou, Z., & Lü, J. (2022) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120291 · Cited by 33
Floristic Composition, Structure, and Aboveground Biomass of the Moraceae Family in an Evergreen Andean Amazon Forest, Ecuador
García-Cox, W., López-Tobar, R., Herrera-Feijoo, R. J., Tapia, A., Heredia-R, M., Toulkeridis, T., & Torres, B. (2023) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f14071406 · Cited by 30
Tree-size dimension inequality shapes aboveground carbon stock across temperate forest strata along environmental gradients
Larsary, M. K., Pourbabaei, H., Sanaei, A., Salehi, A., Yousefpour, R., & Ali, A. (2021) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119482 · Cited by 29
Self-citation
Study on phosphorus loss and influencing factors in the water source area
Wang, R., Cai, C., Zhang, J., Sun, S., & Zhang, H. (2021) · International Soil and Water Conservation Research · doi:10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.07.002 · Cited by 29
Spatially continuous estimation of urban forest aboveground biomass with UAV-LiDAR and multispectral scanning: An allometric model of forest structural diversity
Zhai, Y., Wang, L., Yao, Y., Jia, J., Li, R., Ren, Z., He, X., Ye, Z., Zhang, X., Chen, Y., et al. (2024) · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110301 · Cited by 26
Biodiversity, environmental context and structural attributes as drivers of aboveground biomass in shrublands at the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River basin
Yi, S., Wu, P., Peng, X., Tang, Z., Bai, F., Sun, X., Gao, Y., Qin, H., Yu, X., Wang, R., et al. (2021) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145198 · Cited by 27
Constructing an indices system for evaluating the ecological integrity of forests in western Sichuan, China based on structural equation modeling
Jia, H., Luo, P., Yang, H., Luo, C. W., Li, H., Cheng, Y., & Huang, Y. (2022) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109745 · Cited by 26
Assessing biotic and abiotic effects on forest productivity in three temperate forests
Yue, Q., Hao, M., Li, X., Zhang, C., von Gadow, K., & Zhao, X. (2020) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.6516 · Cited by 23
“However, the surviving trees were mostly large-sized trees in the overstorey which had escaped from the competition for light, and may be not benefited from diverse vertical structures (Ali, 2019; Ali et al., 2019b).”
Background
Forest Ecosystem Services at Landscape Level– Why Forest Transition Matters?
Peters, F., Lippe, M., Eguiguren, P., & Günter, S. (2022) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2023.120782 · Cited by 39
Effects of biodiversity, stand factors and functional identity on biomass and productivity during the restoration of subtropical forests in Central China
Miao, W., Ma, S., Guo, Z., Sun, H., Wang, X., Lyu, Y., & Wang, X. (2021) · Journal of Plant Ecology · doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab104 · Cited by 22
Prediction of tree crown width in natural mixed forests using deep learning algorithm
Qin, Y., Wu, B., Lei, X., & Feng, L. (2023) · Forest Ecosystems · doi:10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100109 · Cited by 23
Developing machine learning models with multiple environmental data to predict stand biomass in natural coniferous-broad leaved mixed forests in Jilin Province of China
He, X., Lei, X., Liu, D., & Lei, Y. (2023) · Computers and Electronics in Agriculture · doi:10.1016/j.compag.2023.108162 · Cited by 22
Stand spatial structure and microbial diversity are key drivers of soil multifunctionality during secondary succession in degraded karst forests
Zhou, G., Long, F., Lei, Z. K., Jarvie, S., Peng, Y., Zang, L., Chen, D., Zhang, G., Sui, M., He, Y., et al. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173504 · Cited by 21
Top Canopy Height and Stem Size Variation Enhance Aboveground Biomass across Spatial Scales in Seasonal Tropical Forests
Sun, Z., Sonsuthi, A., Jucker, T., Ali, A., Cao, M., Liu, F., Cao, G., Hu, T., Ma, Q., Guo, Q., et al. (2023) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants12061343 · Cited by 21
“Nevertheless, while resource-use complementarity may explain the positive relationship between forest diversity, structure and function [12], forest structural complexity will not necessarily always lead to greater AGB due to asymmetric competition for light [7].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Topmost trees and foremost species underlie tropical forest structure, diversity and biomass through opposing mechanisms
Ali, A., Mattsson, E., Nissanka, S. P., & Wang, L. (2020) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118299 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
Towards sustainable management of forest residues in the southern Apennine Mediterranean mountain forests: a scenario-based approach
Pergola, M., Saulino, L., Castellaneta, M., Rita, A., Pecora, G., Cozzi, M., Moretti, N., Pericolo, O., Pierangeli, D., Romano, S., et al. (2022) · Annals of Forest Science · doi:10.1186/s13595-022-01128-w · Cited by 20
“…a range of environmental benefits by simultaneously increasing the structure and species diversity of forest stands, microbiological and physiochemical properties, soil fertility, nutrient availability, and water retention in forest soil (Ali 2019; Manolis et al. 2019; Bonanomi et al. 2021).”
Background
Comparison of plant diversity-carbon storage relationships along altitudinal gradients in temperate forests and shrublands
Lu, S., Zhang, D., Wang, L., Dong, L., Liu, C., Hou, D., Chen, G., Qiao, X., Wang, Y., & Guo, K. (2023) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1120050 · Cited by 23
Effects of bamboo invasion on forest structures and diameter–height allometries
Ouyang, M., Eziz, A., Xiao, S., Fang, W., Cai, Q., Ma, S., Zhu, J., Yang, Q., Hu, J., Tang, Z., et al. (2024) · Forest Ecosystems · doi:10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100256 · Cited by 19
Tree diversity drives understory carbon storage rather than overstory carbon storage across forest types
Ullah, S., Wu, J., Shah, J. A., Wang, X., Lyu, Y., Guo, Z., Ali, K., Chen, D., & Sun, H. (2024) · Journal of Forestry Research · doi:10.1007/s11676-024-01776-w · Cited by 18
“The heterogeneity of these variables ensures light capture, resource acquisition, and support in the understory ( h ) illustrate the relationships between mean height and understory C, and leaf biomass, respectively (Ali 2019; Yuan et al. 2019; Chun et al. 2020; Asbeck et al. 2022).”
The Driving Factors of Subtropical Mature Forest Productivity: Stand Structure Matters
Ren, S., Yang, Q., Liu, H., Shen, G., Zheng, Z., Zhou, S., Liang, M., Yin, H., Zhou, Z., & Wang, X. (2021) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f12080998 · Cited by 18
“Assessing the drivers of forest productivity is vital for guiding forest management [4,5].”
BackgroundInfluential
Mapping tree species diversity in a typical natural secondary forest by combining multispectral and LiDAR data
Ming, L., Liu, J., Quan, Y., Li, M., Wang, B., & Wei, G. (2024) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.111711 · Cited by 18
Species α-diversity promotes but β-diversity restricts aboveground biomass in tropical forests, depending on stand structure and environmental factors
Abbasi, U. A., Mattsson, E., Nissanka, S. P., & Ali, A. (2022) · Journal of Forestry Research · doi:10.1007/s11676-022-01560-8 · Cited by 16
“, availability of soil fertility) and stand structural heterogeneity can shape β-diversity because patterns of α-diversity are usually controlled by local-scale community assembly processes (Villa et al. 2021; Ali 2019; van der Plas et al. 2016).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Fungal diversity dominates the response of multifunctionality to the conversion of pure plantations into two-aged mixed plantations
Haidong, X., Wei, X., & Cheng, X. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161384 · Cited by 17
Sustainable Development versus Extractivist Deforestation in Tropical, Subtropical, and Boreal Forest Ecosystems: Repercussions and Controversies about the Mother Tree and the Mycorrhizal Network Hypothesis
Bas, T. G., Sáez, M. L., & Sáez, N. (2024) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants13091231 · Cited by 16
“Native tropical, subtropical, and boreal forests are all critical to the ecological balance of the planet as they have unique and specific characteristics in terms of biodiversity, ecology, and carbon sequestration [1,77–81].”
Background
Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on ecosystem multifunctionality of plantations
Tian, J., Ni, T., Miao, Z., Hao, Y., Ma, A., Dong, L., & Li, F. (2024) · Ecological Processes · doi:10.1186/s13717-024-00525-5 · Cited by 17
“The relatively high complexity of stand structures can improve the efficient use of resources and space, especially the biodiversity and productivity of species in the forest, because it affects light availability and absorption (Ali 2019).”
Background
3D structural complexity of forest stands is determined by the magnitude of inner and outer crown structural attributes of individual trees
Koller, A., Kunz, M., Perles‐Garcia, M. D., & von Oheimb, G. (2025) · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110424 · Cited by 15
Ecosystem multifunctionality in temperate forests of South Korea is primarily controlled by structural diversity and potential moisture availability with synergy effects between ecosystem functions
Lee, M., Lee, Y., & Lee, C. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125449 · Cited by 15
Long-term (1925–2015) forest structure reorganization in an actively managed temperate-boreal forest region of eastern North America
Boucher, Y., Auger, I., Arseneault, D., Elzein, T., & Sirois, L. (2020) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118744 · Cited by 15
Relative Humidity, Soil Phosphorus, and Stand Structure Diversity Determine Aboveground Biomass along the Elevation Gradient in Various Forest Ecosystems of Pakistan
Ali, S., Khan, S. M., Ahmad, Z., Abdullah, A., Kazi, N., Nawaz, I., Almutairi, K. F., Ávila-Quezada, G. D., & Allah, E. F. A. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15097523 · Cited by 17
Disentangling the contributions of ecological conditions to biomass in longleaf pine forests
Fatunsin, O. E., Staudhammer, C. L., Hart, J. L., & Ferguson, P. F. B. (2024) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2024.122297 · Cited by 14
Big-sized trees and species-functional diversity pathways mediate divergent impacts of environmental factors on individual biomass variability in Sri Lankan tropical forests
Ali, A., Mattsson, E., & Nissanka, S. P. (2022) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115177 · Cited by 16
Self-citation
Understory plant diversity supports the delivery of ecosystem multifunctionality on the Loess Plateau: A comparative of plantations and natural forests
Sha, G., Yu, H., Chen, Y., Ren, K., Xin, P., Guo, X., Xiao, J., & Fu, Y. (2024) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123191 · Cited by 16
Altitudinal gradients shaping tree diversity and regeneration dynamics in mountainous ecosystems
Gillani, S. W., Ahmad, M., Manzoor, M., Waheed, M., Al‐Andal, A., & Fonge, B. A. (2025) · BMC Plant Biology · doi:10.1186/s12870-025-06677-6 · Cited by 14
“Forest stands tend to have higher densities of smaller-diameter trees, attributed to resource limitations and growth constraints, which reflect classical forest dynamics influenced by competition and environmental factors [89, 90].”
Stand spatial structure outcomes of forest adaptation treatments in northern hardwood forests in North America
Wikle, J. L., & D’Amato, A. W. (2023) · Canadian Journal of Forest Research · doi:10.1139/cjfr-2022-0274 · Cited by 13
“These patterns of forest structure in turn, inﬂuence ecosystem function and process and forest dynamics in a complex manner (Ali 2019).”
Background
Topography and structural diversity regulate ecosystem multifunctionality in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest
Wang, J., Liu, H., Yang, Q., Shen, G., Zhu, X., Xu, Y., & Wang, X. (2023) · Frontiers in Forests and Global Change · doi:10.3389/ffgc.2023.1309660 · Cited by 15
Microbial traits affect soil organic carbon stability in degraded Moso bamboo forests
Tang, X., Lv, S., Wang, T., Chen, X., Sun, T., Xia, Y., Yuan, N., Zhou, Y., Zhou, G., Shi, Y., et al. (2024) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-024-06908-z · Cited by 14
“Stand structural attributes, such as individual tree size (diameter or height) within species, can not only directly influence belowground POC dynamics, but may positively affect stand productivity by optimizing acquisition and utilizing light (Ali 2019), indirectly influencing POC dynamics.”
Influence of forest canopy structure on temperature buffering in young planted forests with varied tree species compositions revealed by terrestrial laser scanning
Wang, M., Blondeel, H., Gillerot, L., Verbeeck, H., Coillie, F. V., Meunier, F., Zhang, S., Frenne, P. D., Verheyen, K., & Calders, K. (2025) · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110640 · Cited by 13
Biodiversity conservation and carbon storage of Acacia catechu willd. Dominated northern tropical dry deciduous forest ecosystems in north-western Himalaya: Implications of different forest management regimes
Kumar, D., Thakur, C. L., Bhardwaj, D. R., Sharma, N. K., Sharma, P., & Sankhyan, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.981608 · Cited by 17
“Structurally, diverse forests were reported to have higher ecosystem productivity than simpler forests (Ali, 2019).”
Background
Effects of Tree Diversity, Functional Composition, and Large Trees on the Aboveground Biomass of an Old-Growth Subtropical Forest in Southern China
Wang, Y., Song, Z., Zhang, X., & Wang, H. (2023) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f14050994 · Cited by 13
Predation pressure by arthropods, birds, and rodents is interactively shaped by tree species richness, vegetation structure, and season
Anttonen, P., Perles‐Garcia, M. D., Kunz, M., von Oheimb, G., Li, Y., Bruelheide, H., Ma, K., Zhu, C., & Schuldt, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.3389/fevo.2023.1199670 · Cited by 13
Impacts of different forest fire management policies and fuel treatment models on forest fire risk in boreal forest of China
Hu, T., Xu, Z., Yu, C., Dou, X., Zhang, Y., & Sun, L. (2024) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112806 · Cited by 14
Evolutionary diversity and species richness predict aboveground biomass better than tree size variation in local-scale tropical forest types of Nepal
Kunwar, S., Wang, L.-Q., Chaudhary, R., Joshi, P. R., & Ali, A. (2021) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119146 · Cited by 13
Self-citation
Stand structural characteristics determine ecosystems multifunctionality of urban forests in Changchun City, Northeast China
Yan, J., Zhang, J., Wang, Q., He, X., & Zheng, H. (2024) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128647 · Cited by 12
Effects of thinning on canopy structure, forest productivity, and productivity stability in mixed conifer-broadleaf forest: Insights from a LiDAR survey
Cheng, F., Zhao, X., Luo, Y., Tian, J., Sun, Y., Wang, H., Wang, Q., Zhu, J., Yang, C., He, H., et al. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125707 · Cited by 12
The relationships among structure variables of larch forests in China
Fang, W., Zhao, Q., Cai, Q., Eziz, A., Chen, G., Feng, Y., Zhang, H., Zhu, J., Ji, C., Tang, Z., et al. (2020) · Forest Ecosystems · doi:10.1186/s40663-020-00273-w · Cited by 12
“Forest structure variables are closely related to forest productivity and dynamics (Enquist et al. 2009; Fang et al. 2012a, 2012b; Ali 2019).”
Background
Stand density of co‐existing species regulates above‐ground biomass along a local‐scale elevational gradient in tropical forests
Kunwar, S., Wang, L., Chaudhary, R., Joshi, P. R., & Ali, A. (2021) · Applied Vegetation Science · doi:10.1111/avsc.12577 · Cited by 12
Self-citation
Functional composition of tall-statured trees underpins aboveground biomass in tropical forests
Kunwar, S., Wang, L., Larsary, M. K., Chaudhary, R., Joshi, P. R., & Ali, A. (2022) · Journal of Forestry Research · doi:10.1007/s11676-022-01460-x · Cited by 12
“In addition, it has been recognized that compact canopy packing with several vertical strata could facilitate light capture and resource-use among cooccurring individuals that underpin higher AGB through the niche complementarity effects (Ali 2019; Jucker et al.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Spatial Structure Dynamics and Maintenance of a Natural Mixed Forest
Zhou, C., Liu, D., Chen, K., Hu, X., Lei, X., Feng, L., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, H. (2022) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f13060888 · Cited by 12
“The indexes of non-spatial structure such as tree species composition [4], basal area [5], tree DBH”
Background
Seasonal Influence of Biodiversity on Soil Respiration in a Temperate Forest
Zhang, M., Sayer, E. J., Zhang, W., Ye, J., Yuan, Z., Lin, F., Hao, Z., Fang, S., Mao, Z., Ren, J., et al. (2022) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants11233391 · Cited by 12
“We used species richness to represent tree diversity (TreeSR), basal area to represent biomass (TreeBA), and the coefficient of variation for DBH as a measure of tree size variation (TreeSV), which is a proxy of stand structure [64].”
Method
Structural diversity drives forest biomass along altitudinal gradients in subtropical forests
Guo, Z., Tang, J., Lai, G., Liu, L., & Wang, X. (2025) · Journal of Plant Ecology · doi:10.1093/jpe/rtaf100 · Cited by 11
Soil bacterial community and ecosystem multifunctionality regulated by keystone plant species during secondary succession
Shang, R., Li, S., Huang, X., Liu, W., Lang, X., Xu, C., & Su, J. (2023) · Land Degradation and Development · doi:10.1002/ldr.4892 · Cited by 12
“Plant diversity is a reflection of stand structure, and DBHvar is one of the stand structural attributes (Ali, 2019).”
Background
Trees diversity explains variations in biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships across environmental gradients and conservation status in riparian corridors
Kinnoumè, S. M. D., Gouwakinnou, G. N., Noulèkoun, F., Balagueman, R. O., Houehanou, T. D., & Natta, A. K. (2024) · Frontiers in Forests and Global Change · doi:10.3389/ffgc.2024.1291252 · Cited by 11
Contrasting Development of Canopy Structure and Primary Production in Planted and Naturally Regenerated Red Pine Forests
Hickey, L. J., Atkins, J. W., Fahey, R. T., Kreider, M. R., Wales, S. B., & Gough, C. M. (2019) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f10070566 · Cited by 11
“The characterization of “heterogeneity” and “complexity” among the studies reviewed by Ali was variable, focusing on indexes that describe stem diameter similarity, and none of the studies surveyed used an approach similar to ours that integrates structural information across vertical and Forests 2019 , 10 , 566 9 of…”
Plant community phylogeny responses to protections and its main drivers in boreal forests, China: General pattern and implications
Yang, Y., Zhong, Z., Jing, L., Li, Q., Wang, H., & Wang, W. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161151 · Cited by 10
Perspectives on the scientific legacy of J. Philip Grime
Fridley, J. D., Liu, X., Harguindeguy, N. P., Chapin, F. S., Crawley, M. J., Deyn, G. B. D., Díaz, S. M., Grace, J. B., Grubb, P. J., Harrison, S. P., et al. (2023) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2745.14177 · Cited by 10
Multidimensional beta‐diversity across local and regional scales in a Chinese subtropical forest: The role of forest structure
Yao, Z., Yang, X., Wang, B., Shao, X., Wen, H., Deng, Y., Zhang, Z., Cao, M., & Lin, L. (2023) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.10607 · Cited by 10
“…comprehensive characteristics of vertical (e.g., mean canopy height) and horizontal aspects (e.g., canopy cover), strongly affects forest biomass and productivity (Ali, 2019 ; Aponte et al., 2020 ), and multidimensional diversity (Chu et al., 2019 ; Thom et al., 2021; Zellweger et al., 2017 ).”
Background
Structural diversity is a key driver of above-ground biomass in tropical forests
Ayushi, K., Babu, K. N., & Ayyappan, N. (2023) · Plant Ecology & Diversity · doi:10.1080/17550874.2023.2277282 · Cited by 10
“Individual tree size variation may benefit from their positive interaction (i.e. via niche facilitation and differentiation) by utilising resources, resulting in greater light use efficiency and more biomass storage (Ali 2019; Forrester 2019).”
Background
Reduction in forest carbon stocks by sika deer-induced stand structural alterations
Abe, H., Kume, T., & Katayama, A. (2024) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2024.121938 · Cited by 9
Driving mechanisms of biomass mean annual increment in planted and natural forests in China
Tian, D., Yan, Y., Zhang, Z., & Jiang, L. (2024) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2024.122191 · Cited by 10
Estimating height-diameter relations for structure groups in the natural forests of Northeastern China
Cui, K., Wu, X., Zhang, C., Zhao, X., & von Gadow, K. (2022) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120298 · Cited by 10
Retention of post-harvest residues enhances soil fungal biodiversity in Eucalyptus plantations
Bose, T. K., Vivas, M., Slippers, B., Roux, J., Kemler, M., Begerow, D., Witfeld, F., Brachmann, A., Dovey, S., & Wingfield, M. J. (2023) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2023.120806 · Cited by 10
Elevational Patterns of Tree Species Richness and Forest Biomass on Two Subtropical Mountains in China
Cai, Q., Ma, S., Sun, L., Chen, G., Xiao, J., Fang, W., Ji, C., Tang, Z., & Fang, J. (2023) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f14071337 · Cited by 10
Effects of local neighbourhood structure on radial growth of Picea crassifolia Kom. and Betula platyphylla Suk. plantations in the loess alpine region, China
Lin, S., Li, Y., Chen, M., Li, Y., Wang, L., & He, K. (2021) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119195 · Cited by 9
Characterizing Forest Fuel Properties and Potential Wildfire Dynamics in Xiuwu, Henan, China
Shi, Y., Feng, C., Zhang, L., Huang, W., Wang, X., Yang, S., Chen, W., & Xie, W. (2023) · Fire · doi:10.3390/fire7010007 · Cited by 9
“Forest stands are usually the basic unit of forest management and forest ecology studies [43].”
Background

Authors: Ali, A.
Affiliations: South China Normal University (CN)
Corresponding author: Ali, Arshad
ORCID: Ali, Arshad
Venue: Ecological Indicators
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2019-03
Volume: 98
Pages: 665-677
ISSN: 1470-160X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.11.017
OpenAlex: W2900494555
Cited by: 296
References: 62
Citations by year: 2026: 55 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 7
FWCI: 8.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Ecological Indicators (publishedVersion)
Funders: Guangdong Provincial Government
South China Normal University
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Forest ecology and management
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
Keywords: forest stand structure, forest functioning, species diversity, aboveground biomass, carbon storage, forest productivity, niche complementarity, plant-plant interactions, light competition, competitive exclusion, agroforests, plantations, tropical forests, temperate forests, boreal forest

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Forest stand structure and functioning: Current knowledge and future challenges

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks