The effect of validating and invalidating communication on satisfaction, pain and affect in nurses suffering from low back pain during a semi-structured interview.
Abstract
When physicians interview patients with ambiguous or nonspecific symptoms, they often try to reassure them with the purpose of explaining that no dangerous illness or disease is causing the symptoms. Unfortunately the evidence suggests that patients with benign (back) pain instead feel misunderstood, frustrated and unsatisfied with the consultation. Validation is a communication method that focuses on understanding and empathy as a platform for problem solving and it may be applicable for interviews in medical settings. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of validation on patient satisfaction, pain and affect. To this end 28 nurses with (re)current back pain were recruited and randomly assigned to be interviewed in a validating or invalidating condition. Patient satisfaction, affect, pain, disability, pain catastrophizing, and fear of movement were assessed immediately after the interview. The results show that the participants in the validated group were more satisfied with the interview than participants in the invalidating condition. Moreover, they showed a significant decrease on all measures of negative affect as well as for pain. For example, there was a significant between group difference in frustration where frustration decreased in the validation group, while it increased in the invalidation condition. A validating communication style seems to be beneficial for enhancing patient satisfaction, as well as diminishing negative affect and pain intensity ratings. Our results suggest that validation might be a viable technique to use in clinical examinations of patients suffering pain.
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A randomized controlled trial found immediate improvements in ratings of sadness, anger, and frustration among patients with low back pain interviewed with a standardized validating communication style, but not in patients interviewed with an invalidating communication style.
“A randomized controlled trial found immediate improvements in ratings of sadness, anger, and frustration among patients with low back pain who were interviewed with a standardized validating communication style, but not in patients interviewed with an invalidating communication style.6”
Researchers increasingly consider whether a person feels validated by how a listener responds.
“A valuable addition to the conceptualization of validation has been the growing emphasis placed on considering whether or not a person feels validated by a listener’s response.[10; 15]”
From Validating pain communication: current state of the science (2015) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Vangronsveld, K. L., & Linton, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Örebro University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Vangronsveld, K.L.
- ORCID
- Linton, S.J.
- Venue
- European Journal of Pain
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-01-06
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 239-246
- ISSN
- 1090-3801 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-2149
- OpenAlex
- W1516593405
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 5.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Empathy and Medical Education
- Keywords
- low back pain, patient satisfaction, pain intensity, negative affect, frustration, pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, nurse-patient communication
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Empathy, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Low Back Pain, Mood Disorders, Young Adult
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