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Cited by 287

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Tracking global carbon revenues: A survey of carbon taxes versus cap-and-trade in the real world

Open access
Carl, Jeremy, Fedor, David·2016·Energy Policy
DOI 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.05.023
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Abstract

We investigate the current use of public revenues which are generated through both carbon taxes and cap-and-trade systems. More than $28.3 billion in government “carbon revenues” are currently collected each year in 40 countries and another 16 states or provinces around the world. Of those revenues, 27% ($7.8 billion) are used to subsidize “green” spending in energy efficiency or renewable energy; 26% ($7.4 billion) go toward state general funds; and 36% ($10.1 billion) are returned to corporate or individual taxpayers through paired tax cuts or direct rebates. Cap-and-trade systems ($6.57 billion in total public revenue) earmark a larger share of revenues for “green” spending (70%), while carbon tax systems ($21.7 billion) more commonly refund revenues or otherwise direct them towards government general funds (72% of revenues). Drawing from an empirical dataset, we also identify various trends in systems’ use of “carbon revenues” in terms of the total revenues collected annually per capita in each jurisdiction and offer commensurate qualitative observations on carbon policy design choices.

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Metadata

Authors
Carl, J., & Fedor, D.
Venue
Energy Policy
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-09
Volume
96
Pages
50-77
ISSN
0301-4215 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.enpol.2016.05.023
OpenAlex
W2397833067
Cited by
287
References
40
FWCI
47.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Tracking global carbon revenues: A survey of carbon taxes versus cap-and-trade in the real world. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.05.023
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Carl, J., & Fedor, D. (2016). Tracking global carbon revenues: A survey of carbon taxes versus cap-and-trade in the real world. Energy Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.05.023

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.