Stalking the elusive “vividness” effect

Taylor, Shelley E.; Thompson, Suzanne C.

doi:10.1037/0033-295x.89.2.155

Cited by 913Memory Processes and InfluencesVisual perception and processing mechanismsAesthetic Perception and Analysis

Stalking the elusive “vividness” effect

Taylor, Shelley E., Thompson, Suzanne C.·1982·Psychological Review

DOI 10.1037/0033-295x.89.2.155

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0033-295x.89.2.155

Cites

78 of 78 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Salience describes the phenomenon that when one's attention is directed toward a particular portion of the environment, that portion will be elevated regarding judgment and action.
“Salience describes the phenomenon that when one’s attention is directed toward a particular portion of the environment, that portion will be elevated regarding judgment and action.25”
From An Intervention Utilizing the Salience Principle to Reduce Pharmacy Students’ Psychological Attraction to Smartphones (2022) · cites this paper as [25]

Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1975) · Utility, Probability, and Human Decision Making · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-1834-0_8 · Cited by 22,650 · see citing works
Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man
Levine, S., & McLuhan, M. (1964) · American Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2711172 · Cited by 12,215 · see citing works
Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1973) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(73)90033-9 · Cited by 9,984 · see citing works
The file drawer problem and tolerance for null results.
Rosenthal, R. (1979) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.638 · Cited by 9,068 · see citing works
Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences.
Zajonc, R. B. (1980) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.35.2.151 · Cited by 8,094 · see citing works
Human Inference: Strategies and Shortcomings of Social Judgment.
Cherniak, C., Nisbett, R. E., & Ross, L. D. (1983) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2184495 · Cited by 4,196 · see citing works
The Intuitive Psychologist And His Shortcomings: Distortions in the Attribution Process
Ross, L. (1977) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60357-3 · Cited by 4,170 · see citing works
From acts to dispositions the attribution process in person perception
Jones, E. E., & Davis, K. E. (1965) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60107-0 · Cited by 3,424 · see citing works
Why People Use Health Services
Rosenstock, I. M. (2005) · Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2005.00425.x · Cited by 2,329 · see citing works
Judged frequency of lethal events.
Lichtenstein, S., Slovic, P., Fischhoff, B., Layman, M., & Combs, B. (1978) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.4.6.551 · Cited by 1,539 · see citing works
The Effects of Mass Communication
Hazard, P. D., & Klapper, J. T. (1962) · American Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2710239 · Cited by 1,420 · see citing works
Mental imagery in associative learning and memory.
Paivio, A. (1969) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0027272 · Cited by 1,375 · see citing works
What the Mind’s Eye Tells the Mind’s Brain: A Critique of Mental Imagery
Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-1193-8_1 · Cited by 1,348 · see citing works
Findings and Theory in the Study of Fear Communications
Leventhal, H. (1970) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60091-x · Cited by 1,339 · see citing works
Salience, Attention, and Attribution: Top of the Head Phenomena
Taylor, S. E., & Fiske, S. T. (1978) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60009-x · Cited by 1,306 · see citing works
Self-citation
Direct Experience And Attitude-Behavior Consistency
Fázio, R. H., & Zanna, M. P. (1981) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60372-x · Cited by 1,215 · see citing works
Categorical and contextual bases of person memory and stereotyping.
Taylor, S. E., Fiske, S. T., Etcoff, N. L., & Ruderman, A. J. (1978) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.36.7.778 · Cited by 982 · see citing works
Self-citation
Self-Generated Attitude Change
Tesser, A. (1978) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60010-6 · Cited by 653 · see citing works
Attribution and the psychology of prediction.
Nisbett, R. E., & Borgida, E. (1975) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.32.5.932 · Cited by 642 · see citing works
Point of view and perceptions of causality.
Taylor, S. E., & Fiske, S. T. (1975) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0077095 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Differential Impact of Abstract vs. Concrete Information on Decisions1
Borgida, E., & Nisbett, R. E. (1977) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1977.tb00750.x · Cited by 527 · see citing works
Intuitive theories of events and the effects of base-rate information on prediction
Ajzen, I. (1977) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.35.5.303 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
Effects of Fear Arousal on Attitude Change: Recent Developments in Theory and Experimental Research
Janis, I. L. (1967) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60344-5 · Cited by 493 · see citing works
Communication modality as a determinant of message persuasiveness and message comprehensibility.
Chaiken, S., & Eagly, A. H. (1976) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.34.4.605 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Judgment of covariation by social perceivers.
Crocker, J. (1981) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.90.2.272 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Effects of concomitant verbal recall on order effects in personality impression formation
Anderson, N. H., & Hubert, S. (1963) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(63)80039-0 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Insensitivity to sample bias: Generalizing from atypical cases.
Hamill, R., Wilson, T. D., & Nisbett, R. E. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.39.4.578 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Judgmental biases resulting from differing availabilities of arguments.
Reyes, R. M., Thompson, W. C., & Bower, G. H. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.39.1.2 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Base rates can affect individual predictions.
Manis, M., Dovalina, I., Avis, N. E., & Cardoze, S. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.38.2.231 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Impact of directly and indirectly experienced events: The origin of crime-related judgments and behaviors.
Tyler, T. R. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.39.1.13 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Structural models for the mediation of salience effects on attribution
Fiske, S. T., Kenny, D. A., & Taylor, S. E. (1982) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(82)90046-4 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Self-citation
Stigma, staring, and discomfort: A novel-stimulus hypothesis
Langer, E. J., Fiske, S., Taylor, S. E., & Chanowitz, B. (1976) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(76)90077-9 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Self-citation
Attitude-behavior consistency: An individual difference perspective.
Zanna, M. P., Olson, J. M., & Fázio, R. H. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.38.3.432 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
The independence of evaluative and item information: Impression and recall order effects in behavior-based impression formation.
Dreben, E. K., Fiske, S. T., & Hastie, R. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.10.1758 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
The effects of base rates and individuating information on judgments about another person
Ginossar, Z., & Yaacov Trope, B. (1980) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(80)90066-9 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Figural emphasis and person perception
Zebrowitz, L. A., & Post, D. L. (1977) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(77)90051-8 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Do people use consensus information in making causal attributions?
Wells, G. L., & Harvey, J. H. (1977) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.35.5.279 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
On the functional significance of imagery.
Paivio, A. (1970) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0029180 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Effects of Media, Communicator, and Message Position on Attitude Change
Andreoli, V. A., & Worchel, S. (1978) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1086/268429 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Consensus information, prediction, and causal attribution: A review of the literature and issues.
Kassin, S. M. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.11.1966 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
The generalizability of salience effects.
Taylor, S. E., Crocker, J., Fiske, S. T., Sprinzen, M., & Winkler, J. D. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.3.357 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citation
On inferring one's attitudes from one's behavior: Some delimiting conditions.
Taylor, S. E. (1975) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0076246 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citation
Experimental Studies of Changes in Attitudes: I. A Study of the Effect of Oral Argument on Changes of Attitude
Knower, F. H. (1935) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.1935.9919741 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Illusory Causation and Illusory Correlation
Zebrowitz, L. A. (1980) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/014616728064003 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Is the Medium the Message? A Study of the Effects of Media, Communicator, and Message Characteristics on Attitude Change1
Worchel, S., Andreoli, V. A., & Eason, J. (1975) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1975.tb01305.x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
An experimental study of the effect of four speech variables on listener comprehension∗
Beighley, K. C. (1952) · Speech Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637755209375068 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
The Effect of Medium on Loss of Information
Wilson, C. E. (1974) · Journalism Quarterly · doi:10.1177/107769907405100118 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Experimental studies of changes in attitude. II. A study of the effect of printed argument on changes in attitude.
Knower, F. H. (1936) · Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0055902 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Imaging, empathy, and causal attribution
Fiske, S. T., Taylor, S. E., Etcoff, N. L., & Laufer, J. K. (1979) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(79)90044-1 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citation
An experimental comparison of the speech, the radio, and the printed page as propaganda devices
Wilke, W. H. (1934) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Causal Attribution to Salient Stimuli
Zebrowitz, L. A., & Ginsberg, E. (1981) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/014616728174004 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Effects of threat appeals and media of transmission
Frandsen, K. D. (1963) · Speech Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637756309375365 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The use of imagery in experiential focusing.
Gendlin, E. T., & Olsen, L. (1970) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/h0086594 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
The Effects of Operant Heart Rate Conditioning on Cognitive Elaboration and Attitude Change
Cacioppo, J. T., Sandman, C. A., & Walker, B. B. (1978) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1978.tb01389.x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Politicians on TV: The Image Is the Message
Keating, J. P., & Latané, B. (1976) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1976.tb02510.x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Mass media, learning, and retention.
William, D. C., Paul, J., & Ogilvie, J. C. (1957) · Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie · doi:10.1037/h0083707 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The impact of alternative media channels: Recall and involvement with messages
Nasser, D. L., & McEwen, W. J. (1976) · AV communication review · doi:10.1007/bf02768306 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Cognitive bases of children's moral judgments.
Gottlieb, D. E., Taylor, S. E., & Ruderman, A. J. (1977) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.13.6.547 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citation
Cognitive Responses to Persuasion as Mediators of Opinion Change
Love, R. E., & Greenwald, A. G. (1978) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.1978.9924065 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Character proof and the fireside induction.
Borgida, E. (1979) · Law and Human Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf01039790 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Use of consensus information in prediction of behavior
Zuckerman, M. (1978) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(78)90022-7 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
The Relative Effectiveness of Reading and Listening to Radio Drama as Ways of Imparting Information and Shifting Attitudes
Haugh, O. M. (1952) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00220671.1952.10881968 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Comparison of attitude changes elicited by live and videotape classroom presentations
Croft, R. G., Stimpson, D. V., Ross, W. L., Bray, R. M., & Bregilo, V. J. (1969) · AV communication review · doi:10.1007/bf02767642 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Evaluating and Sentencing a Defendant as a Function of His Salience and the Perceiver's Set
Eisen, S. V., & Zebrowitz, L. A. (1979) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/014616727900500110 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Shift of attitude following persuasion as related to estimate of majority attitude∗
Sawyer, T. M. (1955) · Speech Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637755509375137 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Premature consensus on consensus? Effects of sample-based versus self-based consensus information.
Kulik, J. A., & Taylor, S. E. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.38.6.871 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citation
Responsiveness and communication medium in dyadic interactions
Werner, C. M., & Latané, B. (1976) · Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society · doi:10.3758/bf03337058 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The relative effectiveness of instructional television
Sullivan, A. M., Andrews, E.-A., Hollinghurst, F., Maddigan, R. I., & Noseworthy, C. M. (1976) · Interchange · doi:10.1007/bf02145254 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Imagery and Daydream Techniques Employed in Psychotherapy: Some Practical and Theoretical Implications
Singer, J. L. (1971) · Current topics in clinical and community psychology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-153503-2.50007-3 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Parameters of therapeutic imagery: Directions from case studies.
Wilkins, W. (1974) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/h0086331 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
An experimental comparison of vocabulary growth by means of oral reading, silent reading, and listening
Young, J. D. (1953) · Speech Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637755309375095 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Film movement and affective response and the effect on learning and attitude formation
Miller, W. C. (1969) · AV communication review · doi:10.1007/bf02769105 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
A Comparison of Listening and Reading as a Means of Testing
Westover, F. L. (1958) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00220671.1958.10882530 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Imagery-based decisions.
Wilkins, W. (1976) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/h0088350 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Humanizing the Mixed-Motive Paradigm
Enzle, M. E., Hansen, R. D., & Lowe, C. A. (1975) · Simulation & Games · doi:10.1177/104687817500600202 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Media-Specific Learning Effects
Helmreich, R. (1976) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/009365027600300104 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Abstracts of theses in the field of speech and drama—VI∗
Dow, C. W. (1951) · Speech Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637755109375033 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
THE RELATION BETWEEN THE PROCESS OF ATTITUDE CHANGE AND THE DEGREE OF ANXIETY
Haraoka, K. (1974) · THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY · doi:10.2130/jjesp.14.56 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

ATTITUDES AND ATTITUDE CHANGE
Petty, R. E., Wegener, D. T., & Fabrigar, L. R. (1997) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.48.1.609 · Cited by 2,290 · see citing works
Effects of Word-of-Mouth and Product-Attribute Information on Persuasion: An Accessibility-Diagnosticity Perspective
Herr, P. M., Kardes, F. R., & Kim, J. (1991) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/208570 · Cited by 2,142 · see citing works
Volume, Volatility, Price, and Profit When All Traders Are Above Average
Terrance Odean, B. (1998) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/0022-1082.00078 · Cited by 1,925 · see citing works
What is beautiful is good, but . . .: A meta-analytic review of research on the physical attractiveness stereotype.
Eagly, A. H., Ashmore, R. D., Makhijani, M. G., & Longo, L. C. (1991) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.109 · Cited by 1,875 · see citing works
Salience Theory of Choice Under Risk
Bordalo, P., Gennaioli, N., & Shleifer, A. (2012) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/qje/qjs018 · Cited by 1,310 · see citing works
Cognitive Fit: A Theory‐Based Analysis of the Graphs Versus Tables Literature*
Vessey, I. (1991) · Decision Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1991.tb00344.x · Cited by 1,263 · see citing works
Proposed Model of the Relationship of Risk Information Seeking and Processing to the Development of Preventive Behaviors
Griffin, R. J., Dunwoody, S., & Neuwirth, K. (1999) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1006/enrs.1998.3940 · Cited by 1,187 · see citing works
Using Narrative Communication as a Tool for Health Behavior Change: A Conceptual, Theoretical, and Empirical Overview
Hinyard, L., & Kreuter, M. W. (2006) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198106291963 · Cited by 1,139 · see citing works
The relationship between memory and judgment depends on whether the judgment task is memory-based or on-line.
Hastie, R., & Park, B. (1986) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.93.3.258 · Cited by 1,109 · see citing works
The effect of message framing on breast self-examination attitudes, intentions, and behavior.
Meyerowitz, B. E., & Chaiken, S. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.52.3.500 · Cited by 1,103 · see citing works
Ten years of research on the false-consensus effect: An empirical and theoretical review.
Marks, G. N., & Miller, N. (1987) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.102.1.72 · Cited by 1,065 · see citing works
Narrative communication in cancer prevention and control: A framework to guide research and application
Kreuter, M. W., Green, M. C., Cappella, J. N., Slater, M. D., Wise, M. E., Storey, D., Clark, E. M., O’Keefe, D. J., Erwin, D. O., Holmes, K., et al. (2007) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf02879904 · Cited by 929 · see citing works
Salience and Consumer Choice
Bordalo, P., Gennaioli, N., & Shleifer, A. (2013) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/673885 · Cited by 920 · see citing works
Social Cognition And Social Perception
Higgins, E. T., & Bargh, J. A. (1987) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.38.020187.002101 · Cited by 907 · see citing works
Consumer Knowledge Assessment
Park, C. W., Mothersbaugh, D. L., & Feick, L. F. (1994) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209383 · Cited by 803 · see citing works
Telepresence via Television: Two Dimensions of Telepresence May Have Different Connections to Memory and Persuasion
Kim, T., & Biocca, F. (2006) · J. Comput. Mediat. Commun. · doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.1997.tb00073.x · Cited by 839 · see citing works
Explaining the Identifiable Victim Effect
Jenni, K. E., & Loewenstein, G. F. (1997) · Journal of Risk and Uncertainty · doi:10.1023/a:1007740225484 · Cited by 742 · see citing works
The Role of Expectancy and Relevancy in Memory for Verbal and Visual Information: What is Incongruency?
Heckler, S. E., & Childers, T. L. (1992) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209275 · Cited by 723 · see citing works
Cognitive Fit: An Empirical Study of Information Acquisition
Vessey, I., & Galletta, D. (1991) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.2.1.63 · Cited by 705 · see citing works
Conceptual model of the quality perception process
Steenkamp, J. E. M. (1990) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/0148-2963(90)90019-a · Cited by 689 · see citing works
Narratives and cancer communication
Green, M. C. (2006) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00288.x · Cited by 682 · see citing works
Interactivity and vividness effects on social presence and involvement with a web-based advertisement
Fortin, D. R., & Dholakia, R. R. (2003) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/s0148-2963(03)00106-1 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Web Personalization as a Persuasion Strategy: An Elaboration Likelihood Model Perspective
Tam, K. Y., & Ho, S. Y. (2005) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.1050.0058 · Cited by 639 · see citing works
The Role of Self-Interest in Social and Political Attitudes
Sears, D. O., & Funk, C. L. (1991) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60327-5 · Cited by 632 · see citing works
Message Properties, Mediating States, and Manipulation Checks: Claims, Evidence, and Data Analysis in Experimental Persuasive Message Effects Research
O’Keefe, D. J. (2003) · Communication Theory · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2003.tb00292.x · Cited by 614 · see citing works
The Information Processing of Pictures in Print Advertisements
Edell, J. A., & Staelin, R. (1983) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/208944 · Cited by 585 · see citing works
Do managers overreact to salient risks? Evidence from hurricane strikes
Dessaint, O., & Matray, A. (2017) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2017.07.002 · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Health and Illness in a Connected World: How Might Sharing Experiences on the Internet Affect People's Health?
ZIEBLAND, S., & WYKE, S. (2012) · The Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2012.00662.x · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Communication modality as a determinant of persuasion: The role of communicator salience.
Chaiken, S., & Eagly, A. H. (1983) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.2.241 · Cited by 532 · see citing works
Reaching Agreements Through Argumentation: A Logical Model and Implementation
Kraus, S., Sycara, K., & Evenchik, A. (1998) · Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/s0004-3702(98)00078-2 · Cited by 616 · see citing works
Behavioral theories and the problem of compliance
Leventhal, H., & Cameron, L. D. (1987) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/0738-3991(87)90093-0 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
Effects of cognitive feedback on performance.
Balzer, W. K., Doherty, M. E., & O'Connor, R. (1989) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.106.3.410 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
The Influence of Vaccine-critical Websites on Perceiving Vaccination Risks
Betsch, C., Renkewitz, F., Betsch, T., & Ulshöfer, C. (2010) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105309353647 · Cited by 493 · see citing works
Attitudes and Attitude Change
Chaiken, S., & Stangor, C. (1987) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.38.020187.003043 · Cited by 518 · see citing works
Judgment of covariation by social perceivers.
Crocker, J. (1981) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.90.2.272 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
The effects of visual and verbal information on attitudes and purchase intentions in internet shopping
Kim, M., & Lennon, S. J. (2008) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.20204 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Research Note—Investigating the Influence of the Functional Mechanisms of Online Product Presentations
Jiang, Z., & Benbasat, I. (2007) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.1070.0124 · Cited by 479 · see citing works
Green nudges: Do they work? Are they ethical?
Schubert, C. (2016) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.11.009 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Human Behavior and the Efficiency of the Financial System
Shiller, R. J. (1998) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w6375 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
What works best: Objective statistics or a personal testimonial? An assessment of the persuasive effects of different types of message evidence on risk perception.
de Wit, J. B. F., Das, E. H. H. J., & Vet, R. (2008) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.27.1.110 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Broadcasting and Narrowcasting: How Audience Size Affects What People Share
Barasch, A., & Berger, J. A. (2014) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1509/jmr.13.0238 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Automatic and conscious processing of social information.
Bargh, J. A. (1984) · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Does narrative information bias individual's decision making? A systematic review
Winterbottom, A., Bekker, H., Conner, M. T., & Mooney, A. F. (2008) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.09.037 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Are Investors Influenced by Pro Forma Emphasis and Reconciliations in Earnings Announcements?
Elliott, W. B. (2006) · The Accounting Review · doi:10.2308/accr.2006.81.1.113 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Cognitive biases and decision support systems development: a design science approach
Arnott, D. R. (2005) · Information Systems Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2575.2006.00208.x · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Detecting and Explaining Vividness Effects in Attitudinal Judgments
Kisielius, J., & Sternthal, B. (1984) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224378402100106 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
The Role of a Narrative's Emotional Flow in Promoting Persuasive Outcomes
Nabi, R. L., & Green, M. C. (2014) · Media Psychology · doi:10.1080/15213269.2014.912585 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Current Issues in Attribution Theory and Research
Harvey, J. H., & Weary, G. (1984) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.35.020184.002235 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Information, Cognitive Biases, and Commitment to a Course of Action
Schwenk, C. R. (1986) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1986.4283106 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Lay Epistemic Theory in Social-Cognitive Psychology
Kruglanski, A. W. (1990) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0103_1 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
The Utility of Exemplars in Persuasive Communications
Brosius, H., & BATHELT, A. (1994) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/009365094021001004 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
The Role of Attention in Mediating the Effect of Advertising on Attribute Importance
MACKENZIE, S. B. (1986) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209059 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Tracking global carbon revenues: A survey of carbon taxes versus cap-and-trade in the real world
Carl, J., & Fedor, D. (2016) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2016.05.023 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
The Power of Visual Material: Persuasion, Emotion and Identification
Joffé, H. (2008) · Diogenes · doi:10.1177/0392192107087919 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
What Do Others’ Reactions to News on Internet Portal Sites Tell Us? Effects of Presentation Format and Readers’ Need for Cognition on Reality Perception
Lee, E.-J., & Jang, Y. (2010) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650210376189 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Web-Based Smoking-Cessation Programs
Strecher, V. J., McClure, J. B., Alexander, G. L., Chakraborty, B., Nair, V. N., Konkel, J. M., Greene, S. M., Collins, L. M., Carlier, C. C., Wiese, C. J., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2007.12.024 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Cognitive Theories of Persuasion
Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1984) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60122-7 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Implicit sources of bias in employment interview judgments and decisions
Segrest, S. L., Perrewé, P. L., Gillespie, T. L., Mayes, B. T., & Ferris, G. R. (2006) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2006.06.005 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Does Animation Attract Online Users’ Attention? The Effects of Flash on Information Search Performance and Perceptions
Hong, W., Thong, J. Y. L., & Tam, K. Y. (2004) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.1040.0017 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Interactivity and Persuasion
Sundar, S. S., & Kim, J. (2005) · Journal of Interactive Advertising · doi:10.1080/15252019.2005.10722097 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
The Temporal Effects of Story and Statistical Evidence on Belief Change
Baesler, E. J., & Burgoon, J. K. (1994) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/009365094021005002 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Communicating the Consequences of Early Detection: The Role of Evidence and Framing
Cox, D. S., & Cox, A. D. (2001) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jmkg.65.3.91.18336 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Messages Influencing College Women's Tanning Bed Use: Statistical versus Narrative Evidence Format and a Self-Assessment to Increase Perceived Susceptibility
Greene, K. L., & BRINN, L. S. (2003) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/713852118 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Real self-deception
Mele, A. R. (1997) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x97000034 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Salience
Bordalo, P., Gennaioli, N., & Shleifer, A. (2022) · Annual Review of Economics · doi:10.1146/annurev-economics-051520-011616 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
HPV Vaccine Information in the Blogosphere: How Positive and Negative Blogs Influence Vaccine-Related Risk Perceptions, Attitudes, and Behavioral Intentions
Nan, X., & Madden, K. (2012) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410236.2012.661348 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
How do people judge risks: Availability heuristic, affect heuristic, or both?
Pachur, T., Hertwig, R., & Steinmann, F. (2012) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied · doi:10.1037/a0028279 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Affective and cognitive reactions to narrative versus statistical evidence organ donation messages
Kopfman, J. E., Smith, S. W., Yun, J. K. A., & Hodges, A. (1998) · Journal of Applied Communication Research · doi:10.1080/00909889809365508 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
An empirical investigation of electronic word-of-mouth: Informational motive and corporate response strategy
Lee, Y. L., & Song, S. (2010) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.009 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Understanding narrative effects: The impact of breast cancer survivor stories on message processing, attitudes, and beliefs among African American women.
McQueen, A., Kreuter, M. W., Kalesan, B., & Alcaraz, K. I. (2011) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0025395 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
The Worst, the Best, Ignoring All the Rest: The Rank Effect and Trading Behavior
Hartzmark, S. M. (2014) · Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhu079 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Examining the Vividness Controversy: An Availability-Valence Interpretation
Kisielius, J., & Sternthal, B. (1986) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/208527 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Pathways to Persuasion: Cognitive and Experiential Responses to Health-Promoting Mass Media Messages
Dunlop, S. M., Wakefield, M. A., & Kashima, Y. (2009) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650209351912 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
The performance feedback process: A preliminary model
Larson, J. R. (1984) · Organizational Behavior and Human Performance · doi:10.1016/0030-5073(84)90011-4 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
User interfaces and consumer perceptions of online stores: The role of telepresence
Suh, K.-S., & Chang, S. (2006) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/01449290500330398 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Testimonials Versus Informational Persuasive Messages
Braverman, J. (2008) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650208321785 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
The Effect of Discount Frequency and Depth on Consumer Price Judgments
Alba, J. W., Mela, C. F., Shimp, T. A., & Urbany, J. E. (1999) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209553 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Errors in probabilistic reasoning and judgment biases
Benjamin, D. J. (2019) · Handbook of behavioral economics · doi:10.1016/bs.hesbe.2018.11.002 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Suntanning and sun protection: A review of the psychological literature
Arthey, S., & Clarke, V. A. (1995) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/0277-9536(94)e0063-x · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Chapter 20 Human behavior and the efficiency of the financial system
Shiller, R. J. (1999) · Handbook of macroeconomics · doi:10.1016/s1574-0048(99)10033-8 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Behavioral supply management: a taxonomy of judgment and decision‐making biases
Carter, C. R., Kaufmann, L., & Michel, A. (2007) · International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management · doi:10.1108/09600030710825694 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Soccer, rooms, and the quality of your life: Mood effects on judgments of satisfaction with life in general and with specific domains
Schwarz, N., Strack, F., Kommer, D., & Wagner, D. (1987) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420170107 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Framing Charity Advertising: Influences of Message Framing, Image Valence, and Temporal Framing on a Charitable Appeal 1
Chang, C., & Lee, Y. (2009) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2009.00555.x · Cited by 209 · see citing works
The vicissitudes of attitudes and similar representational constructs in twentieth century psychology
McGuire, W. J. (1986) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420160202 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
The Empirical Study of the Persuasive Effects of Evidence The Status After Fifty Years of Research
REINARD, J. C. (1988) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1988.tb00170.x · Cited by 199 · see citing works
RECRUITMENT COMMUNICATION MEDIA: IMPACT ON PREHIRE OUTCOMES
Allen, D. G., Scotter, J. R. V., & Otondo, R. F. (2004) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2004.tb02487.x · Cited by 202 · see citing works
The donor is in the details
Cryder, C. E., Loewenstein, G. F., & Scheines, R. (2012) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2012.08.002 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
FEAR OF CRIME: READ ALL ABOUT IT?
Williams, P., & Dickinson, J. (1993) · The British Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a048289 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Behaviors, beliefs, and intentions in skin cancer prevention
Cody, R., & Lee, C. (1990) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00844885 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
The Effect of Vivid Attributes on the Evaluation of Alternatives: The Role of Differential Attention and Cognitive Elaboration
McGill, A. L., & Keller, P. A. (1989) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209207 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Tangibility in Services Advertising: An Investigation of Verbal versus Visual Cues
Stafford, M. R. (1996) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1996.10673504 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Contagious Justice: Exploring The Social Construction of Justice in Organizations
Degoey, P. (2000) · Research in Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0191-3085(00)22003-0 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
The mediating effects of perception and emotion: Digital signage in mall atmospherics
Dennis, C., Newman, A., Michon, R., Brakus, J. J., & Wright, L. T. (2010) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2010.03.009 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Encountering climate change: ‘seeing’ is more than ‘believing’
Reser, J., Bradley, G. L., & Ellul, M. C. (2014) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.286 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Persuasive Storytelling by Hate Groups Online
LEE, E., & Leets, L. (2002) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/0002764202045006003 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Give it to us straight (most of the time): Top managers’ use of concrete language and its effect on investor reactions
Pan, L.-L., McNamara, G., Lee, J. J., Haleblian, J., & Devers, C. E. (2018) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.2733 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Product Quality: An Investigation into the Concept and How It Is Perceived by Consumers
Sujan, H., & Steenkamp, J. E. M. (1991) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.2307/1252242 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Do Managers Overreact to Salient Risks? Evidence from Hurricane StrikesPreprint
Dessaint, O., & Matray, A. (2013) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2358186 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Errors in Probabilistic Reasoning and Judgment Biases
Benjamin, D. J. (2018) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w25200 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
A behavioral study of supply manager decision‐making: Factors influencing make versus buy evaluation
Mantel, S. P., Tatikonda, M. V., & Liao, Y. (2005) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2005.09.007 · Cited by 168 · see citing works

Authors: Taylor, S. E., & Thompson, S. C.
Affiliations: University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Venue: Psychological Review
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1982-03
Volume: 89
Issue: 2
Pages: 155-181
ISSN: 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
1939-1471
DOI: 10.1037/0033-295x.89.2.155
OpenAlex: W2087531239
Cited by: 913
References: 78
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 7.78
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Aesthetic Perception and Analysis
Keywords: memory vividness, memory retrieval

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Stalking the elusive “vividness” effect

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks