Artificial sweeteners as potential tracers of municipal landfill leachate
Abstract
Artificial sweeteners are gaining acceptance as tracers of human wastewater in the environment. The 3 artificial sweeteners analyzed in this study were detected in leachate or leachate-impacted groundwater at levels comparable to those of untreated wastewater at 14 of 15 municipal landfill sites tested, including several closed for >50 years. Saccharin was the dominant sweetener in old (pre-1990) landfills, while newer landfills were dominated by saccharin and acesulfame (introduced 2 decades ago; dominant in wastewater). Cyclamate was also detected, but less frequently. A case study at one site illustrates the use of artificial sweeteners to identify a landfill-impacted groundwater plume discharging to a stream. The study results suggest that artificial sweeteners can be useful tracers for current and legacy landfill contamination, with relative abundances of the sweeteners potentially providing diagnostic ability to distinguish different landfills or landfill cells, including crude age-dating, and to distinguish landfill and wastewater sources.
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Combining information about when specific artificial sweeteners were introduced or withdrawn and the years of operation of a landfill can help distinguish multiple sources of OWCs in groundwater and can also be used to age-date landfill plumes.
“Combining information about when specific artificial sweeteners were introduced or withdrawn and the years of operation of a landfill can help distinguish multiple sources of OWCs in groundwater and can also be used to age-date landfill plumes (Van Stempvoort et al., 2011;Roy et al., 2014).”
From Septic systems as sources of organic wastewater compounds in domestic drinking water wells in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer (2016) · cites this paper as Roy et al., 2014
Artificial sweeteners are also common in landfill leachate, with concentrations up to 85 μg/L acesulfame and 620 μg/L sucralose.
“While acesulfame and sucralose have been considered specific markers of wastewater in aquatic systems (Buerge et al., 2009), artificial sweeteners are also common in landfill leachate, with concentrations up to 85 μg/L acesulfame (Roy et al., 2014) and 620 μg/L sucralose (Clarke et al., 2015).”
From Septic systems as sources of organic wastewater compounds in domestic drinking water wells in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer (2016) · cites this paper as Roy et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Roy, J. W., Van Stempvoort, D. R., & Bickerton, G.
- Affiliations
- Environment and Climate Change Canada (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Roy, James W.
- Venue
- Environmental Pollution
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-01
- Volume
- 184
- Pages
- 89-93
- ISSN
- 0269-7491 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2052903278
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 4.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environmental Pollution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Landfill Environmental Impact Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Environmental Chemistry and Analysis
- Keywords
- artificial sweeteners, landfill leachate, groundwater contamination, tracers, saccharin, acesulfame, cyclamate, legacy contamination, river discharge
- MeSH terms
- Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Sweetening Agents, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Groundwater, Wastewater, Waste Disposal Facilities
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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