The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A cohort study relating urban green space with mortality in Ontario, Canada
Open accessAbstract
Parks and green space areas are important to human health for psychological and physiological reasons. There have been few evaluations of access to green space on mortality. This paper describes a cohort study of approximately 575,000 adults, 35 years of age and older, who resided in 10 urban areas in Ontario, Canada, between 1982 and 1986. Individuals were identified from income tax filings, and vital status was determined up to December 31, 2004 through record linkage to the Canadian Mortality Data Base. Place of residence was defined by postal code data that were extracted from income tax filings. Urban green space was defined by Landsat satellite retrievals with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and this was assigned to individuals' place of residence at inception into the cohort using both a 30 m grid cell and a 500 m buffer. The proportional hazards model was used to estimate rate ratios (RRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for selected underlying causes of death. The rate ratios were adjusted for income, marital status, ambient air pollution, and contextual neighborhood characteristics. About 187,000 subjects died during follow-up. An increase in the interquartile range of green space, using a 500 m buffer, was associated with reduced non-accidental mortality (RR=0.95, 95% CI=0.94-0.96). Reductions in mortality with increased residential green space were observed for each underlying cause of death; the strongest association was found for respiratory disease mortality (RR=0.91, 95% CI=0.89-0.93). Risk estimates were essentially unchanged after adjusting for ambient air pollution. Our study suggests that green space in urban environments was associated with long-term reduction in mortality although this finding should be interpreted cautiously as this association may be influenced by residual confounding of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Further research is needed to: confirm these findings, better understand the relationships between access to green space and behavioral risk factors for mortality, and identify what green space characteristics may confer the greatest health benefit.
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Finucane, M. M., Stevens, G. A., Cowan, M. J., Danaei, G., Lin, J. K., Paciorek, C. J., Singh, G. M., Gutierrez, H. R., Lu, Y., Bahalim, A. N., et al. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)62037-5 · Cited by 4,050
Pope, C. A., Burnett, R. T., Thurston, G. D., Thun, M. J., Calle, E. E., Krewski, D., & Godleski, J. J. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000108927.80044.7f · Cited by 2,592
Self-citationTracking restoration in natural and urban field settings
Hartig, T., Evans, G. W., Jamner, L. D., Davis, D. S., & Gärling, T. (2003) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(02)00109-3 · Cited by 2,118
Green space, urbanity, and health: how strong is the relation?
Maas, J., Verheij, R. A., Groenewegen, P. P., de Vries, S., & Spreeuwenberg, P. (2006) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.2005.043125 · Cited by 1,976
de Vries, S., Verheij, R. A., Groenewegen, P. P., & Spreeuwenberg, P. (2003) · Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space · doi:10.1068/a35111 · Cited by 1,258
The mental and physical health outcomes of green exercise
Pretty, J., Peacock, J., Sellens, M., & Griffin, M. (2005) · International Journal of Environmental Health Research · doi:10.1080/09603120500155963 · Cited by 1,128
Preference for Nature in Urbanized Societies: Stress, Restoration, and the Pursuit of Sustainability
Van Den Berg, A. E., Hartig, T., & Staats, H. (2007) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00497.x · Cited by 727
Cited by
Exploring pathways linking greenspace to health: theoretical and methodological guidance
Markevych, I., Schoierer, J., Hartig, T., Chudnovsky, A., Hystad, P., Dzhambov, A. M., de Vries, S., Triguero-Mas, M., Brauer, M., Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J., et al. (2017) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.028 · Cited by 2,543
Nature Contact and Human Health: A Research Agenda
Frumkin, H., Bratman, G. N., Breslow, S. J., Cochran, B., Kahn Jr, P. H., Lawler, J. J., Levin, P. S., Tandon, P. S., Varanasi, U., Wolf, K. L., et al. (2017) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp1663 · Cited by 1,237
“…2014 Children Kim et al. 2016 19 Reduced mortality Coutts et al. 2010; Gascon et al. 2016b; Hu et al. 2008; James et al. 2016; Takano et al. 2002; Villeneuve et al. 2012 20 Asthma and/or allergies (studies show both improvements and exacerbations) Andrusaityte et al. 2016; Dadvand et al. 2014a;…”
BackgroundUrban Green Space and Its Impact on Human Health
Kondo, M., Fluehr, J., McKeon, T., & Branas, C. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15030445 · Cited by 1,187
Sandifer, P. A., Sutton-Grier, A. E., & Ward, B. P. (2015) · Ecosystem Services · doi:10.1016/j.ecoser.2014.12.007 · Cited by 1,014
Associations between nature exposure and health: a review of the evidence
Jimenez, M. P., DeVille, N. V., Elliott, E. G., Schiff, J. E., Wilt, G. E., Hart, J. E., & James, P. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18094790 · Cited by 726
Metadata
- Authors
- Villeneuve, P. J., Jerrett, M., G. Su, J., Burnett, R. T., Chen, H., Wheeler, A. J., & Goldberg, M. S.
- Venue
- Environmental Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-05
- Volume
- 115
- Pages
- 51-58
- ISSN
- 0013-9351 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2122660878
- Cited by
- 441
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 10.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Villeneuve, P. J., Jerrett, M., G. Su, J., Burnett, R. T., Chen, H., Wheeler, A. J., & Goldberg, M. S. (2012). A cohort study relating urban green space with mortality in Ontario, Canada. Environmental Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2012.03.003
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