Autism: A form of lead and mercury toxicity
Abstract
Aim Autism is a developmental disability characterized by severe deficits in social interaction and communication. The definite cause of autism is still unknown. The aim of this study is to find out the relation between exposure to Lead and/or mercury as heavy metals and autistic symptoms, dealing with the heavy metals with chelating agents can improve the autististic symptoms.Method Blood and hair samples were obtained from 45 children from Upper Egypt with autism between the ages of 2 and 10 years and 45 children served as controls in the same age range, after taken an informed consent and fill a questionnaire to assess the risk factors. The samples were analyzed blindly for lead and mercury by using atomic absorption and ICP-MS. Data from the two groups were compared, then follow up of the autistic children after treatment with chelating agents were done.Results The results obtained showed significant difference among the two groups, there was high level of mercury and lead among those kids with autism. Significant decline in the blood level of lead and mercury with the use of DMSA as a chelating agent. In addition, there was decline in the autistic symptoms with the decrease in the lead and mercury level in blood.Conclusion Lead and mercury considered as one of the main causes of autism. Environmental exposure as well as defect in heavy metal metabolism is responsible for the high level of heavy metals. Detoxification by chelating agents had great role in improvement of those kids.
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Environmental chemicals that have been implicated as risk factors for ASD include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), lead, bisphenol A (BPA), mercury, and pesticides.
“Environmental chemicals that have been implicated as risk factors for ASD include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), lead, bisphenol A (BPA), mercury, and pesticides ( Tables 1–2 ) [ 52–62 ].”
From DNA methylation: a mechanism linking environmental chemical exposures to risk of autism spectrum disorders? (2016) · cites this paper as [61]
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- Authors
- Yassa, H. A.
- Affiliations
- Assiut University (EG)
- Corresponding author
- Yassa, Heba A.
- ORCID
- Yassa, Heba A.
- Venue
- Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-11
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1016-1024
- ISSN
- 1382-6689 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2049647064
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 6.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, lead toxicity, mercury toxicity, heavy metal exposure, chelation therapy, DMSA, blood lead levels, blood mercury, hair metal levels, autism symptoms, children, environmental risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Autistic Disorder, Chelating Agents, Child, Child, Preschool, Succimer, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Humans, Lead, Male, Mercury, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Treatment Outcome
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