Investigation on the Potential Sorbents—Aluminosilicate, Microalga and Grass Hay as Feed Additives
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In the present study, three natural materials — aluminosilicate, microalga Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis and grass hay were examined in terms of sorption properties. Materials enriched with Cr(III), Mn(II) and Mg(II) ions were tested independently using two analytical techniques — ICP-OES and SEM-EDX. Preliminary sorption experiments were conducted with Cr(III) ions under following conditions: pH 5.0, 180 min, 300 mg/L of metal ions in the solution and 1 g/L of each sorbent. Maximum sorption capacity for aluminosilicate was 14.2 mg/g, for grass hay — 34.3 mg/g and for Spirulina platensis — 51.5 mg/g. ICP-OES and SEM-EDX techniques determined the enrichment of the sorbent. For all tested sorbents, the highest content of Cr, Mg and Mn was in the enriched Spirulina platensis (16.2 ± 3.25 g/kg; 6.98 ± 1.40 g/kg; 10.6 ± 2.12 g/kg, respectively), then grass hay (13.7 ± 2.74 g/kg; 4.59 ± 0.92 g/kg; 9.38 ± 1.88 g/kg, respectively) and finally aluminosilicate (8.69 ± 1.74 g/kg; 4.47 ± 0.89 g/kg; 4.03 ± 0.81 g/kg, respectively). The most even distribution of Cr, Mg and Mn after sorption was noted for aluminosilicate. Our results regarding sorption properties and those of scientific reports on the nutritional value of Spirulina platensis show that this biosorbent can be used as a potential feed additive.
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Instruments such as the PerkinElmer Optima 8300 ICP-OES and Analytik Jena AAS enable reliable determination of microelements, which is important in studies investigating the influence of trace elements on microalgae growth and composition.
“Instruments such as the PerkinElmer Optima 8300 ICP-OES (Waltham, MA, USA) and Analytik Jena AAS (Jena, Germany) enable reliable determination of these elements, which is particularly important in studies investigating the influence of trace elements on the growth and composition of microalgae [209].”
From Multi-Sensing Monitoring of the Microalgae Biomass Cultivation Systems for Biofuels and Added Value Products Synthesis—Challenges and Opportunities (2025) · cites this paper as [209]
The Introduction (page unavailable) says ICP-OES and AAS can determine metal ions and describes ICP-OES as measuring multielemental composition with high precision. But Methods §2.4.2 names a Varian VISTA-MPX ICP-OES, not a PerkinElmer Optima 8300; the paper does not identify an Analytik Jena AAS or investigate trace elements’ effects on microalgal growth. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredICP-OES and AAS enable precise quantification of micronutrients such as copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, and iron.
“These methods enable precise quantification of micronutrients such as copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, and iron.”
From Multi-Sensing Monitoring of the Microalgae Biomass Cultivation Systems for Biofuels and Added Value Products Synthesis—Challenges and Opportunities (2025) · cites this paper as [209]
The Introduction (page unavailable) says ICP-OES and AAS can determine amounts of metal ions, but attributes high precision specifically to ICP-OES. Table 1 (page unavailable) reports ICP-OES measurements for copper, zinc, manganese, and iron; it does not include molybdenum. The copy therefore does not support the full claim of precise quantification by both methods for all five listed elements. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredICP-OES and AAS are used to analyse the composition of microelements in microalgae biomass.
“Regarding the composition of microelements in biomass, techniques such as inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) are used.”
From Multi-Sensing Monitoring of the Microalgae Biomass Cultivation Systems for Biofuels and Added Value Products Synthesis—Challenges and Opportunities (2025) · cites this paper as [209]
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- Authors
- Michalak, I., Baśladyńska, S., Mularczyk, M., & Marycz, K.
- Affiliations
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology (PL)
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Michalak, Izabela
- Venue
- Environmental Technology & Innovation
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-11
- Volume
- 24
- Pages
- 101816
- ISSN
- 2352-1864 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3185429237
- Cited by
- 6
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 0.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Environmental Technology & Innovation (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Narodowe Centrum Nauki (2015/18/E/NZ9/00607)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Animal Nutrition and Health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- biosorption, metal sorption, aluminosilicates, Spirulina platensis, Arthrospira, grass hay, feed additives, chromium, manganese, magnesium, natural adsorbents
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