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Cited by 454Trace Elements in HealthIron Metabolism and DisordersHeavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Clinical, immunological, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant roles of zinc

Prasad, Ananda S.·2008·Experimental Gerontology
DOI 10.1016/j.exger.2007.10.013
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Abstract

The essentiality of zinc for humans was recognized only 40 years ago. Zinc deficiency was suspected to occur in Iranian patients with growth retardation, hypogonadism in males, hepato-splenomegaly, rough and dry skin, geophagia and severe iron deficiency anemia. Later we documented zinc deficiency in similar patients in Egypt. The diet of these patients consisted of mainly cereal proteins which contained high phytate and this led to decreased availability of iron and zinc. These patients had severe immune dysfunctions, inasmuch as they died of intercurrent infections by the time they were 25 years of age. In our studies in experimental human model of zinc deficiency, we documented decreased serum testosterone level, oligospermia, severe immune dysfunctions mainly affecting T helper cells, decreased serum thymulin activity hyperammonemia, neuro-sensory disorders and decreased lean body mass. The basic mechanisms of zinc action on immune cells have been reviewed in this paper. Our studies showed that the activation of many zinc dependent enzymes and transcription factors were affected adversely due to zinc deficiency. The gene expression and production of Th1 cytokines were affected adversely due to zinc deficiency. Zinc is also an antioxidant and has anti-inflammatory actions. We have reported decreased plasma zinc, increased plasma oxidative stress markers and increased generation of inflammatory cytokines in the elderly subjects which were corrected by zinc supplementation. In cell culture studies, we have observed that zinc induces A20 which inhibits NF-kappaB activation resulting in decreased generation of inflammatory cytokines.

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  1. Raulin, 1869, Chemical studies on vegetation, Ann. Sci. Nat., 11, 93

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Metadata

Authors
Prasad, A. S.
Affiliations
Wayne State University (US)
Corresponding author
Prasad, Ananda S.
ORCID
Prasad, Ananda S.
Venue
Experimental Gerontology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2008-05
Volume
43
Issue
5
Pages
370-377
ISSN
0531-5565 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.exger.2007.10.013
OpenAlex
W1991971544
Cited by
454
References
52
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 18
FWCI
1.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Experimental Gerontology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (5 R01 AI50698-04, R01AI050698)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
Keywords
zinc deficiency, zinc supplementation, zinc metalloenzyme, immune dysfunction, T helper cells, Th1 cytokines, oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, NF-κB, A20, hyperammonemia, hypogonadism, phytic acid, iron deficiency anemia, older adults
MeSH terms
Antioxidants, Cells, Cultured, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Interleukins, Models, Biological, Phosphorylation, Zinc, NF-kappa B, Receptors, Interleukin, Inflammation Mediators

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