Valorization of spent coffee grounds: A review
Abstract
Spent coffee grounds (SCGs) arise as waste products through the production of instant coffee and coffee brewing. This work reviews the composition of SCGs, the methods used for the isolation of individual compounds present in SCGs, the ways of utilizing SCGs presented in the literature so far, including use of SCGs’ bioactive compounds, carbohydrates, oil fraction, as well as SCGs as the whole composite without treatment or with some physical and chemical modifications. However, this work mainly focuses on biotechnological processing of SCG hydrolysates and the reason why the fermentable sugars present in SCG hydrolysates cannot support sufficiently the growth of bacteria or yeasts. The reason is basically the presence of toxic co-contaminants, which have antibacterial properties. One suggestion for how to lower the presence of such co-contaminants in SCG hydrolysates is pre-extraction of them or the inclusion of a detoxification step. This review suggests that the fractionation of SCGs and detoxification of SCG hydrolysates might contribute to increased multiple utilization of this waste in many industrial sectors.
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Caffeine was found in SCGs in a remarkable concentration.
“Caffeine is one of the essential bioactive components found in SCGs in a remarkable concentration (Table 1), consistently with Kovalcik et al. [7].”
From The Valorization of Spent Coffee Ground Extract as a Prospective Insecticidal Agent against Some Main Key Pests of Phaseolus vulgaris in the Laboratory and Field (2022) · cites this paper as Kovalcik et al. [7]
SCGs contain alkaloids and phenolics with superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
“SCGs showed concerning alkaloids and phenolics with superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities [7,8,9].”
Cites
Spent coffee grounds: A review on current research and future prospects
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Coffee Melanoidins: Structures, Mechanisms of Formation and Potential Health Impacts
Moreira, A. S. P., Nunes, F. M., Domingues, M. R., & Coimbra, M. A. (2012) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/c2fo30048f · Cited by 346 · see citing works
The chemical composition of exhausted coffee waste
Pujol, D., Liu, C., Gominho, J., Olivella, M. À., Fiol, N., Villaescusa, I., & Pereira, H. (2013) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.07.056 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
The encyclopedia of farm animal nutrition
(2004) · doi:10.1079/9780851993690.0000 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
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Angeloni, S., Freschi, M., Marrazzo, P., Hrelia, S., Beghelli, D., Juan-García, A., Juan, C., Caprioli, G., Sagratini, G., & Angeloni, C. (2021) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2021/6620913 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Bioaccesibility, Metabolism, and Excretion of Lipids Composing Spent Coffee Grounds
Iriondo-DeHond, A., Cornejo, F. S., Fernandez-Gomez, B., Vera, G., Guisantes-Batan, E., Alonso, S. G., Andres, M. I. S., Sanchez-Fortun, S., Lopez-Gomez, L., Uranga, J. A., et al. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11061411 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
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Utilizing Used Cooking Oil and Organic Waste: A Sustainable Approach to Soap Production
Zayed, L., Gablo, N., Kalcakova, L., Dordevic, S., Kushkevych, I., Dordevic, D., & Tremlova, B. (2024) · Processes · doi:10.3390/pr12061279 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“The high quantities of phenolic acids such as chlorogenic, ferulic, caffeic [64], ellagic, gallic, tannic, and p-coumaric acids [17] with well-known antioxidant and antimicrobial activities make SCG a valuable substrate for soap formulation.”
BackgroundEffects of different application methods of spent coffee grounds on weed growth
Hirooka, Y., Kurashige, S., Yamane, K., Kakiuchi, M., Miyagawa, T., Iwai, K., & Iijima, M. (2022) · Weed Technology · doi:10.1017/wet.2022.66 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kovalcik, A., Obruca, S., & Marova, I.
- ORCID
- Kovalcik, Adriana
- Venue
- Food and Bioproducts Processing
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-07
- Volume
- 110
- Pages
- 104-119
- ISSN
- 0960-3085 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2804065153
- Cited by
- 277
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 8.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Food and Bioproducts Processing (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- European Union’s Horizon 2020
- South Moravian Region (665860)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Keywords
- spent coffee grounds, coffee waste valorization, fermentable sugars, detoxification, bioactive compounds, carbohydrate extraction, petroleum fractions, waste fractionation
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