The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in mature corn silage
Abstract
To investigate the exposure of livestock and farm workers to mycotoxins during the last months of silage use, the mycoflora and the mycotoxins in a mature silage (11-months-old) were studied. A multimycotoxin method was developed to evaluate the toxigenic in vitro ability of fungal strains. The screening of potentially toxigenic fungi isolated from the mature silage showed that six Fusaria (Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani and Fusarium verticillioides) and one Aspergillus (Aspergillus fumigatus) were able to produce mycotoxins on nutrient agar. Seven major mycotoxins (aflatoxin B(1), citrinin, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B(1), gliotoxin, ochratoxin A and zearalenone) were also searched in the corn silage by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Among the three mycotoxins (citrinin, gliotoxin and deoxynivalenol) detected in the silage, gliotoxin, a strongly immunosuppressive mycotoxin, occurred in the mature silage at level up to 877 ppb, which was associated with the presence of A. fumigatus in the silage.
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“Silages, however, are a matrix in which mould growth can occur, even in the last days of the shelf-life of silages (Richard et al. 2007).”
From Trends in designing microbial silage quality by biotechnological methods using lactic acid bacteria inoculants: a minireview. (2019) · cites this paper as Richard et al. 2007
In the citing paper
“Silages in Europe, Canada and Australia can be contaminated with toxins produced by moulds of the genus Penicillium, e.g., P. verrucosum, and some Aspergillus species, e.g., A. ochraceus and A. sulphureus, which can produce ochratoxin A (OTA) and aflatoxins (AFs; Richard et al. 2007).”
From Trends in designing microbial silage quality by biotechnological methods using lactic acid bacteria inoculants: a minireview. (2019) · cites this paper as Richard et al. 2007
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–142 of 142
McElhinney, C., Danaher, M., Grant, J., Elliott, C. T., & O’Kiely, P. (2016) · World Mycotoxin Journal · doi:10.3920/wmj2015.1964 · Cited by 5
“1-5 samples collected to represent an entire silo (Baliukonienė et al., 2012; Boudra et al., 2015; Driehuis et al., 2008; Richard et al., 2007).”
BackgroundVera, R., Angulo, E. L. A., & Torras, M. D. L. Á. C. (2016) · Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology and Food Sciences · doi:10.15414/jmbfs.2016.5.6.599-601 · Cited by 5
“This results are in accordance whit the findings of others authors who have collected samples in food industries where exists the presence of these filamentous fungi exist (Richard et al., 2007; Jeswal, 1990; Philips et al., 1996).”
ResultBakri, M. M. (2021) · BioResources · doi:10.15376/biores.16.4.8366-8378 · Cited by 7
“8367 humidity, increase the chance of fungi spreading during silage storage (Egal et al. 2005; Richard et al. 2007; Ogunade et al. 2018).”
BackgroundNatural occurrence of mycotoxins in forage maize during crop growth in Japan: case study
Uegaki, R., Tohno, M., Yamamura, K., Tsukiboshi, T., & Uozumi, S. (2014) · Mycotoxin Research · doi:10.1007/s12550-014-0210-6 · Cited by 5
“However, forage maize and silage made from it frequently contain mycotoxins such as aflatoxin, ochratoxin, fumonisin, nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) (Shephard et al. 1996; Scudamore and Livesey 1998; Garon et al. 2006; Binder et al. 2007; Richard et al. 2007).”
Mannai, A., Juan, C., Mañes, J., & Salem, H. B. (2022) · Animal Production Science · doi:10.1071/an21084 · Cited by 4
Sadhasivam, S., Marshi, R., Barda, O., Zakin, V., Britzi, M., Gamliel, A., & Sionov, E. (2022) · Toxicology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.07.011 · Cited by 4
“The results of the current survey, which evaluated the fungal incidence in wheat and maize silages collected from animal feed centers in Israel, are consistent with previous studies, where the most colonizing fungal species belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Byssochlamys and Monascus have been…”
ResultVentura, M. K., Holland, M. E., Smith, M. B., Chaparro, J. M., Prenni, J. E., Patz, J. A., Paskewitz, S. M., Weir, T. L., & Stull, V. J. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1157811 · Cited by 4
“The mycotoxin citrinin, a toxin produced by Aspergillus and other common molds (61) was detected in all fermented samples (Supplementary Table 4).”
BackgroundJaved, A., Ajmal, M., Hanif, N. Q., & Akram, A. (2023) · Natural Product Research · doi:10.1080/14786419.2023.2252154 · Cited by 6
“These fungi lead to loss of nutrients and production of mycotoxins in silage (Garon et al. 2006), which can cause a risk to animal health (Richard et al. 2007; Ajmal et al. 2016; Ara et al. 2017).”
Wang, X., Sun, L., Zhang, S., Guo, Y., Chen, L., Gong, K., & Liu, K. (2024) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1508842 · Cited by 4
Microbial applications in the biopreservation of cereal products
de Valdez, G. F., Rollán, G., Gerez, C. L., & Torino, M. I. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1533/9780857090522.3.348 · Cited by 3
Reduction of the mycotoxin contamination of forage plants during cultivation, storage and processing
Tóth, K., Balogh, K., Bócsai, A., & Mézes, M. (2012) · Acta Alimentaria · doi:10.1556/aalim.41.2012.4.8 · Cited by 3
Pereyra, M. L. G., Chiacchiera, S. M., Rosa, C., Dalcero, A. M., & Cavaglieri, L. R. (2012) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 3
The challenge of LC/MS/MS multi-mycotoxin analysis - Heracles battling the Hydra?
Kokkonen, M. K. (2011) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja · Cited by 3
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in relation to Mycotoxin Contamination in Tanzania
Nyangi, C. J., Siyame, P., & Hussein, Z. (2024) · East African Journal of Health and Science · doi:10.37284/eajhs.7.1.1828 · Cited by 2
“F. oxysporum, F. polyphialidicum, F. subglutinans and F. thapsinum (Richard et al., 2007).”
BackgroundMicrobiological and Chemical Changes of Complete Feed during Spoilage
Yi, K.-J., Yeon, J.-S., Kim, J., Kim, S. C., Moon, H., Jeon, C. O., Lee, S., Kim, D. W., & Kim, S. (2015) · Journal of Life Science · doi:10.5352/jls.2015.25.10.1148 · Cited by 2
“제랄레논과 같이 Fusarium속 곰팡이가 생산하는 독소인 디옥시니발레놀은 젖 소의 유량 및 증체에 영향을 주지 않고 우유로 전이되지 않으 며, 소의 건강이나 사양성적에도 크게 영향을 미치지 않는 것 으로 보고되었다[6, 17].”
InfluentialDetrimental compounds and bacteria
Kalač, P. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811862-7.00004-3 · Cited by 2
Toxicological Studies of Mycotoxins Using Enzymatic and Histochemical Methods
Badea, M., Taus, N., Potrovita, M., & Moarcas, M. (2009) · Water Air and Soil Pollution Focus · doi:10.1007/s11267-009-9211-4 · Cited by 2
“Aflatoxins are metabolized in animal and human organisms and the aflatoxins identified in the milk of animals that were given contaminated feed were aflatoxin M1 and M2 as major metabolites of aflatoxin B1 and B2 ( Richard 2007 ).”
BackgroundWambacq, E., Audenaert, K., Höfte, M., Saeger, S. D., & Haesaert, G. (2018) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0273.v1 · Cited by 1
Evaluation of treatment methods for spiking deoxynivalenol (DON) in single corn kernels
Priya, T. S. R., & Manickavasagan, A. (2023) · Canadian Journal of Plant Science · doi:10.1139/cjps-2022-0259 · Cited by 1
Mannai, A., Youssef, N. O. B., & Salem, H. B. (2026) · Grass and Forage Science · doi:10.1111/gfs.70044 · Cited by 1
Control of regulated and emerging silage mycotoxins
Gallo, A., Adesogan, A. T., Bonna, A. S., Adeoti, T. M., Catellani, A., Kehinde, G. J., Lapris, M., Mastroeni, C., Novara, V., Vyas, D., et al. (2026) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2026-28872 · Cited by 1
Zielińska, K. J., Fabiszewska, A. U., & Wróbel, B. (2015) · Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering · Cited by 1
husnan, L. A. A., AlKahtani, M. D. F., Abdelhamid, A. G., & Farag, R. M. A. (2017) · Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology · doi:10.22207/jpam.11.3.03 · Cited by 1
husnan, L. A. A., AlKahtani, M. D. F., & Farag, R. M. A. (2020) · Maǧallaẗ ǧāmiʿaẗ al-Sulṭān Qābūs li-l-ʿulūm/Sultan Qaboos University journal for science · doi:10.24200/squjs.vol24iss2pp78-87 · Cited by 1
“Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi, which cause health hazards to animals and human beings [6, 7].”
BackgroundCorn silage as a source of aflatoxin B1 in feed for dairy cattle
Glamočić, D., Polovinski-Horvatović, M., Jajić, I., Krstović, S., Ivković, M., & ČUZDI, N. (2021) · ROMANIAN BIOTECHNOLOGICAL LETTERS · doi:10.25083/rbl/26.4/2759-2764 · Cited by 1
PONTES ENTRE AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR E BIOLÓGICA ATRAVÉS DA FORMAÇÃO EM CONTEXTO DE TRABALHO
Costa, C. A., Gaião, D., Teixeira, D., Correia, H. E., Guerra, L. T., & Guiné, R. P. F. (2021) · doi:10.22533/at.ed.7172116121 · Cited by 1
Ali, M. M., Baraghit, G. A., Ahmed, B. M., Elmasry, A. M., Salem, M. A., & Nayel, U. A. (2023) · Menoufia Journal of Animal Poultry and Fish Production · doi:10.21608/mjapfp.2023.284520 · Cited by 2
“The production of corn silage requires incorporating the entire plant, as Richard et al .”
MethodEvaluation of fodder contamination with ochratoxin A and methods of its decontamination.
Kapturowska, A. U., Zielińska, K. J., Stecka, K. M., & Kupryś, M. P. (2010) · Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering · Cited by 1
Mısır Silajına İlave Edilen Karvakrolün Aerobik Stabiliteye Etkisi
Özelçam, H., & Daşıkan, H. (2017) · Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.20289/zfdergi.386442 · Cited by 1
husnan, L. A. A., Kahtani, M. A., & Farag, R. M. A. (2019) · Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences · doi:10.5219/1020 · Cited by 1
Wambacq, E., Audenaert, K., Höfte, M., Saeger, S. D., & Haesaert, G. (2018) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0273.v2
Filamentous Fungi from Artisanal Cheeses Produced in Canastra Region, BrazilPreprint
César, I. C. D. R., da Silva, M., Santana, S. A., Silva, J. G. E., Ferreira, C. L. D. L. F., & Martin, J. G. P. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4142335 · Cited by 1
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Erdélyi, M., Ancsin, Z., Bócsai, A., Balogh, K., & Mézes, M. (2013) · Animal Welfare, Ethology and Housing Systems
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Mycotoxins in dairy cow health and production.
Shlosberg, A. (2010) · Israel journal of veterinary medicine
The use of the two different mycotoxin deactivators in the nutrition of dairy cows
Jajić, I. (2021) · Mljekarstvo/Mljekarstvo.com · doi:10.15567/mljekarstvo.2022.0106
“It is well known that silage can significantly contribute to the daily exposure of mycotoxins in dairy cattle depending on factors such as maturity of silage, aerobic spoilage during ensiling or during the feed-out phase (Richard et al., 2007; Cavallarin et al., 2011).”
BackgroundInschatting kans op aflatoxinevorming in Nederlandse ruw- en kuilvoeders voor melkvee
Focker, M., Asselt, E. D. V., & van der Fels‐Klerx, H. J. (2022) · doi:10.18174/564038
รุ่งชัยวัฒนกุล, ท., ศิริสมบูรณ์, ช. เ., & เจริญพรวัฒนา, ส. (2017) · doi:10.58837/chula.the.2017.820
Barć, J., Kowalski, Z. M., & Jagusiak, W. (2025) · PubMed Central · doi:10.3390/ijms26146827
“Among the various mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi, Zearalenone (ZEN) poses a considerable risk not only for monogastric animals but also for ruminants [1].”
Tuppia, C. M. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/405aa418z9cd1z4a70z9040z229b02043e52
Metadata
- Authors
- Richard, E., Heutte, N., Sage, L., Pottier, D., Bouchart, V., Lebailly, P., & Garon, D.
- Affiliations
- Centre François Baclesse (FR)
- Université Joseph Fourier (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Garon, D.
- Venue
- Food and Chemical Toxicology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-12
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2420-2425
- ISSN
- 0278-6915 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1977803117
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 6.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Food and Chemical Toxicology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Phytase and its Applications
- Keywords
- mycotoxins, corn silage, Fusarium, Aspergillus fumigatus, gliotoxin, citrinin, deoxynivalenol, toxigenic fungi
- MeSH terms
- Aspergillus, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Zea mays, Food Microbiology, Fusarium, Humans, Mycotoxins, Mass Spectrometry
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