Contraceptive choices and menstrual patterns in high level female athletes
Open accessIntegrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
OCs reduce endogenous levels of estrogen, progesterone, free testosterone, and IGF-1, but enhance cortisol, all of which affect the degree of anabolic responses to training.
“OCs also reduce endogenous levels of estrogen, progesterone, free testosterone, and insulin-growth factor-1 (IGF-1), but enhances cortisol, all of which affect the degree of anabolic responses to training [92].”
From International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [92]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Oxfeldt, M., Dalgaard, L. B., Jørgensen, A. A., & Hansen, M. (2020) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2019-0636 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete
Sims, S. T., Kerksick, C. M., Smith-Ryan, A. E., Janse de Jonge, X. A. K., Hirsch, K. R., Arent, S. M., Hewlings, S. J., Kleiner, S. M., Bustillo, E., Tartar, J. L., et al. (2023) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2023.2204066 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
“axis, resulting in physiological responses that differ to those of endogenous ovarian hormones [88,93].”
BackgroundKnowles, O. E., Aisbett, B., Main, L. C., Drinkwater, E. J., Orellana, L., & Lamon, S. (2019) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-019-01132-7 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Sims, S. T., Ware, L., & Capodilupo, E. R. (2021) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001047 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Optimizing Health and Athletic Performance for Women
de Borja, C. F., Chang, C. J., Watkins, R. A., & Senter, C. (2022) · Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12178-021-09735-2 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Dalgaard, L. B., Jørgensen, E. B., Oxfeldt, M., Dalgaard, E. B., Johansen, F. T., Karlsson, M., Ringgaard, S., & Hansen, M. (2020) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003735 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Nevertheless, the influence of oral contraceptives (OCs) onmuscle hypertrophy is not clarified even though more than half of female athletes use OCs (42,43).”
BackgroundProtein Requirements of Pre-Menopausal Female Athletes: Systematic Literature Review
Mercer, D., Convit, L., Condo, D., Carr, A. J., Hamilton, D. L., Slater, G., & Snipe, R. M. J. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12113527 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“), [24,25] that provide exogenous hormones (e.”
BackgroundActive Women Across the Lifespan: Nutritional Ingredients to Support Health and Wellness
Smith‐Ryan, A. E., Cabre, H. E., & Moore, S. R. (2022) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-022-01755-3 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“However, more than 60% of adult women in the USA [28] and 57% of American collegiate woman athletes utilize some form of hormonal contraception [29].”
BackgroundBaumgartner, S., Bitterlich, N., Geboltsberger, S., Neuenschwander, M., Matter, S., & Stute, P. (2023) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1232656 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“In the questions on OCPs, no further distinction was made between combined (COC) and progestin-only pills (POP) or other contraceptive methods such as, for example, the hormonal patch, for example,. Similarly, the non-hormonal contraceptive methods lacked a differentiation between the various non-hormonal methods (e.g…”
BackgroundInfluentialDifferences in bone mineral density and associated factors in dancers and other female athletes
Critchley, M. L., Toomey, C., Gabel, L., Kenny, S. J., & Emery, C. A. (2024) · Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2023-0450 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Testosterone-Optimizing Strategies in Athletes
Lazarev, A. M., Pujalte, G. G. A., Philibert, C., Meek, S., Broderick, G. A., Zapp, D. G., Mayo, M. R., & Hackney, A. C. (2026) · Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach · doi:10.1177/19417381251411933 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“104,106,195 A systematic review and meta-analysis of combined oral contraceptive (COC) pills showed decreased total (31”
- Authors
- Verrilli, L. E., Landry, M., & Blanchard, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Venue
- Fertility and Sterility
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-09
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e122
- ISSN
- 0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2750655107
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- contraceptive use, contraceptive preferences, female athletes, menstrual cycle, oral contraceptives, menstrual regulation, athletic performance, athletic departments, contraceptive access
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
