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Determination of cadmium and lead at sub-ppt level in soft drinks: An efficient combination between dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Open accessAbstract
A DLLME method for extraction and preconcentration of Cd and Pb from soft drinks and further determination by GF AAS was developed. Important parameters of DLLME such as the type and volume of dispersive and extraction solvents, concentration of DDTC (complexing agent) and pH were evaluated. Better results were obtained using 500μL of acetone for Cd and 700μL of acetonitrile for Pb as dispersive solvents, 60μL of CCl 4 as extraction solvent for both analytes and 500μL of 1.5% DDTC solution. Accuracy was evaluated by recovery assays and ranged from 91 to 113% for Cd and from 95 to 108% for Pb, with RSD below 10 and 7%, respectively. The LODs were 0.006 and 0.072ngL-1 for Cd and Pb, respectively. The optimized method was applied for the determination of Cd and Pb in soft drinks with different brands and flavours.
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“The limits of detection of 0.008 µg L−1 for the developed DES-ME were between those of the other methods, as shown in Table 5.”
From Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Microextraction of Lead(II) Traces from Water and Aqueous Extracts before FAAS Measurements (2020) · cites this paper as [30]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mandlate, J. S., Soares, B. M., Seeger, T. S., Vecchia, P. D., Mello, P. A., Flores, E. M. M., & Duarte, F. A.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (BR)
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (BR)
- Venue
- Food Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-04
- Volume
- 221
- Pages
- 907-912
- ISSN
- 0308-8146 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2550175728
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 7.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Food Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical chemistry methods development
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Electrochemistry › Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
- Keywords
- cadmium, lead, soft drinks, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, preconcentration, trace metal analysis, food contamination
- MeSH terms
- Cadmium, Carbonated Beverages, Food Contamination, Graphite, Spectrophotometry, Atomic, Limit of Detection, Liquid Phase Microextraction
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