Citrus peels waste as a source of value-added compounds: Extraction and quantification of bioactive polyphenols
Abstract
A method combining solid-liquid extraction based on ethanolic aqueous solution, cLC-DAD and chemometrics, was performed to extract and quantify polyphenols from citrus peels. LC-MS/MS was also employed for chemical profiling. The effect of extraction variables on the recovery was examined by experimental factorial design. Data were evaluated using multifactorial-ANOVA, response surface analysis and Principal Component Analysis. trans-Ferulic and p-coumaric antioxidants were found in lower quantities (<1.4 mg·g-1) in all peel extracts. Narangin flavonoid was also identified in all samples, while rutin flavonol was determined in the concentration range of 3.3-4.7 mg·g-1. The most abundant polyphenol in the extracts obtained from all evaluated citrus samples was the flavanone hesperidin (280-673 mg·g-1). Furthermore, peel extracts were evaluated in terms of total polyphenol and flavonoid content, total antioxidant activity and DPPH free radical scavenging. The obtained results suggested that evaluated citrus peel by-products could be reused as a source of polyphenols and transformed into value-added products.
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Food industry by-products (fruit, skins, seeds, and membrane residues) are rich sources of bioactive compounds such as dietary fiber, minerals, organic acids, vitamins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenes, and carotenoids.
“These fractions are rich sources of many bioactive compounds, such as dietary fiber (pectin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin), minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, and selenium), organic acids (citric, oxalic, and malic acids), vitamins (vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin), phenolic acids (chlorogenic, ferulic, and sinapic acids), flavonoids (hesperidin, narirutin, didymin, hespe”
From Valorization of Fruit Waste for Bioactive Compounds and Their Applications in the Food Industry (2023) · cites this paper as [165]
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Valorization of Fruit Waste for Bioactive Compounds and Their Applications in the Food Industry
Nirmal, N., Khanashyam, A., Mundanat, A., Shah, K., Babu, K., Thorakkattu, P., Al-Asmari, F., & Pandiselvam, R. (2023) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods12030556 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Vicente-Zurdo, D., Rosales-Conrado, N., León-González, M. E., Brunetti, L., Piemontese, L., Pereira-Santos, A. R., Cardoso, S. M., Madrid, Y., Chaves, S., & Santos, M. A. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10071510 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Gómez-Mejía, E., Rosales-Conrado, N., León-González, M. E., & Madrid, Y.
- Affiliations
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
- Venue
- Food Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-10
- Volume
- 295
- Pages
- 289-299
- ISSN
- 0308-8146 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2946192146
- Cited by
- 282
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 19.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Food Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Community of Madrid (S2013/ABI-3028)
- FEDER (AVANSECAL-CM)
- Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CTQ 2017-83569-C2-1-R)
- Complutense University (CT17/17-CT18/17)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Bioactive Compounds in Plants
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Agricultural and Biological Research
- Keywords
- citrus peel waste, polyphenols, hesperidin, flavonoids, rutin, trans-ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, antioxidant activity, DPPH radical scavenging, extraction optimization, value-added compounds, citrus by-products
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Antioxidants, Chromatography, Liquid, Citrus, Flavonoids, Hesperidin, Plant Extracts, Waste Products, Principal Component Analysis, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Polyphenols
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