The DOI matches its Crossref record; 58 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Farm costs and food miles: An assessment of the full cost of the UK weekly food basket
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Food now travels long distances (Pretty et al. 2005), and to more supermarkets in place of small, local markets, and so consumers purchase more non-local foods.”
From Drivers of food waste and their implications for sustainable policy development (2016) · cites this paper as Pretty et al. 2005
Citations
Cites
The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital
Costanza, R., d'Arge, R., de Groot, R., Farber, S., Grasso, M., Hannon, B., Limburg, K., Naeem, S., O'Neill, R. V., Paruelo, J., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/387253a0 · Cited by 22,585
Nature's Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems
Pharo, E. J., & Daily, G. C. (1998) · The Bryologist · doi:10.2307/3244191 · Cited by 5,299
Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment
Segerson, K., Pearce, D., & Turner, R. K. (1991) · Land Economics · doi:10.2307/3146419 · Cited by 2,331
Food Supply Chain Approaches: Exploring their Role in Rural Development
Marsden, T., Banks, J., & Bristow, G. (2000) · Sociologia Ruralis · doi:10.1111/1467-9523.00158 · Cited by 1,244
Marazzi, L. (2017) · Macat Library eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781912281282 · Cited by 948
Embeddedness, the new food economy and defensive localism
Winter, M. (2003) · Journal of Rural Studies · doi:10.1016/s0743-0167(02)00053-0 · Cited by 917
Regenerating agriculture: policies and practice for sustainability and self-reliance
(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-5095 · Cited by 691
Securing Good Health for the Whole Population
Wanless, D. (2004) · Cited by 664
Barnett, V. (2003) · Wiley series in probability and statistics · doi:10.1002/0470024747 · Cited by 617
Social embeddedness and relations of regard:
Sage, C. L. (2003) · Journal of Rural Studies · doi:10.1016/s0743-0167(02)00044-x · Cited by 584
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- DLTR, 2002. Transport Statistics Bulletin: Transport of Goods by Road in GB 2001. Department of Local Government, Transport and the Regions, London
- EC, 1991. EC Council Regulation on Organic Production of Agricultural Products and Indications referring Thereto on Agricultural Products and Foodstuffs 2092/91. Official Journal 198, 22.7.1991, Brussels
- NRC, 2000. Our Common Journey: Transition towards sustainability. National Research Council. National Academy Press, Washington DC
- OECD, 1998. Report on the OECD Workshop in Agri-Environmental Indicators. COM/AGR/CA/ENV/EPOC (98) 136, Paris
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 516
Kreidenweis, U., Lautenbach, S., & Koellner, T. (2016) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.04.020 · Cited by 26
The environmental impact of pork production from a life cycle perspective
Dalgaard, R. (2007) · VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) · Cited by 26
Gaitán‐Cremaschi, D., van Evert, F. K., Jansen, D. M., Meuwissen, M. P. M., & Lansink, A. O. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10114227 · Cited by 27
Ethnocentrism in Polish Consumer Food Behaviour as a Determinant of Short Supply Chain Development
Hanus, G. (2020) · European Journal of Sustainable Development · doi:10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n4p169 · Cited by 27
UK allotments and urban food initiatives: (limited?) potential for reducing inequalities
Miller, W. M. (2015) · Local Environment · doi:10.1080/13549839.2015.1035239 · Cited by 25
Re-imagining the Irish foodscape
Sage, C. L. (2010) · Irish Geography · doi:10.1080/00750778.2010.516903 · Cited by 27
Air freight transport of fresh fruit and vegetables
Saunders, C. M., & Hayes, P. (2007) · Lincoln University Research Archive (Lincoln University) · Cited by 25
Is local produce more expensive? Challenging perceptions of price in local food systems
Donaher, E., & Lynes, J. K. (2016) · Local Environment · doi:10.1080/13549839.2016.1263940 · Cited by 24
Schläpfer, F. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12156126 · Cited by 23
A framework for practical and effective eco‐labelling of food products
Tzilivakis, J., Green, A., Warner, D., McGeevor, K., & Lewis, K. (2012) · Sustainability Accounting Management and Policy Journal · doi:10.1108/20408021211223552 · Cited by 27
Sustainability: a biological perspective
(2011) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.48-5071 · Cited by 23
Estimating and communicating food system impacts: A case study in Montreal, Quebec
Thibert, J., & Badami, M. G. (2011) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.05.008 · Cited by 22
Panzone, L., Wossink, G. A. A., & Southerton, D. (2013) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.07.003 · Cited by 22
Simoncini, R. (2014) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.08.010 · Cited by 26
Challenges in Handling Fresh Fruits and Vegetables
Shewfelt, R. L., Prussia, S. E., & Sparks, S. A. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-408137-6.00002-8 · Cited by 22
From Kraft to Craft: innovation and creativity in Ontario's Food Economy
Donald, B. (2009) · Cited by 19
Traditional Varieties for Local Markets: A Sustainable Proposal for Agricultural SMEs
Pérez‐Caselles, C., Mollá-Bauza, M. M. B., & Martínez, L. M.-C. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12114517 · Cited by 22
Information services for European pork chains – Closing gaps in information infrastructures
Lehmann, R., Hermansen, J. E., Fritz, M., Brinkmann, D., Trienekens, J. H., & Schiefer, G. (2011) · Computers and Electronics in Agriculture · doi:10.1016/j.compag.2011.09.002 · Cited by 22
Padel, S., Röcklinsberg, H., Verhoog, H., & Alrøe, H. F. (2007) · Organic Eprints (International Centre for Research in Organic Food Systems, and Research Institute of Organic Agriculture) · Cited by 22
Sage, C. L. (2012) · International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability · doi:10.1080/14735903.2012.690958 · Cited by 22
Consumer responses to food labelling: A rapid evidence review
Osman, M., & Jenkins, S. C. (2022) · doi:10.46756/sci.fsa.aiw861 · Cited by 22
Eating from the Bin: Salmon Heads, Waste and the Markets That Make Them
Coles, B., & Hallett, L. F. (2012) · The Sociological Review · doi:10.1111/1467-954x.12043 · Cited by 21
Parker, J. (2012) · Agriculture and Human Values · doi:10.1007/s10460-012-9392-8 · Cited by 21
Handling Diversity of Visions and Priorities in Food Chain Sustainability Assessment
Galli, F., Bartolini, F., & Brunori, G. (2016) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su8040305 · Cited by 21
The environmental benefits of changing logistics structures for fresh vegetables
Caracciolo, F., Amani, P., Cavallo, C., Cembalo, L., D’Amico, M., Giudice, T. D., Freda, R., Fritz, M., Lombardi, P., Mennella, L., et al. (2017) · International Journal of Sustainable Transportation · doi:10.1080/15568318.2017.1337834 · Cited by 21
MacRae, R. J., Cuddeford, V., Young, S. B., & Matsubuchi-Shaw, M. (2013) · Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems · doi:10.1080/21683565.2013.774302 · Cited by 21
‘Sustainable transport choices’ in consumer shopping: a review of the UK evidence
Guy, C. (2009) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1470-6431.2009.00818.x · Cited by 21
Oebel, B., Stein, L., Michalke, A., Stoll‐Kleemann, S., & Gaugler, T. (2024) · Sustainability Science · doi:10.1007/s11625-024-01477-7 · Cited by 24
Tay, M.-J., Ng, T. H., & Lim, Y.-S. (2024) · Environmental and Sustainability Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.indic.2024.100385 · Cited by 20
Hidden costs of a typical embodied energy analysis: Brazilian sugarcane ethanol as a case study
Agostinho, F., & Siché, R. (2014) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.10.024 · Cited by 20
Sustainable Benchmarking of Food Supply Chains
Yakovleva, N. P., Sarkis, J., & SLOAN, T. W. (2009) · Cited by 20
Écobilans de biocarburants : une revue des controverses
Dorin, B., & Gitz, V. (2008) · Natures Sciences Sociétés · doi:10.1051/nss/2008064 · Cited by 20
National Food Plan Green Paper 2012
Highway, B., & Vic, B. (2012) · Cited by 19
Life-cycle assessment of fresh and frozen chestnut
Rosa, D., Figueiredo, F., Castanheira, É. G., & Freire, F. M. C. S. (2016) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.064 · Cited by 19
Environmental impact of organic vs. conventional agriculture - a review
Średnicka-Tober, D., Obiedzińska, A., Kazimierczak, R., & Rembiałkowska, E. (2016) · Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering · Cited by 19
Evaluating the environmental sustainability of cakes
Konstantas, A., Stamford, L., & Azapagic, A. (2019) · Sustainable Production and Consumption · doi:10.1016/j.spc.2019.04.001 · Cited by 19
The Impact of Organic Farming on the Rural Economy in England [Final Report to DEFRA]
Lobley, M., Reed, M., Butler, A., Courtney, P., & Warren, M. (2005) · Research Repository (University of Gloucestershire) · Cited by 19
Food miles and food choices: the case of an upscale urban hotel in Hong Kong
Pratt, S., Mackenzie, M., & Sutton, J. L. (2016) · Journal of Sustainable Tourism · doi:10.1080/09669582.2016.1247848 · Cited by 19
Dewick, P. M., Foster, C., & Green, K. (2007) · Journal of Industrial Ecology · doi:10.1162/jiec.2007.1241 · Cited by 19
Moving dirt: soil, lead, and the dynamic spatial politics of urban gardening
Cutts, B. B., London, J. K., Meiners, S., Schwarz, K., & Cadenasso, M. L. (2017) · Local Environment · doi:10.1080/13549839.2017.1320539 · Cited by 18
Essien, E., Dzisi, K. A., & Addo, A. (2018) · Computers and Electronics in Agriculture · doi:10.1016/j.compag.2018.02.019 · Cited by 18
Alonso, A. D., & O’Neill, M. (2011) · Community Development · doi:10.1080/15575330.2010.546530 · Cited by 18
Recommended Nordic diet and risk markers for cardiovascular disease
Berild, A., Holven, K. B., & Ulven, S. M. (2017) · Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening · doi:10.4045/tidsskr.16.0243 · Cited by 18
Varieties of Alterity: Alternative Food Networks in the UK, Italy and China
Martindale, L., Matacena, R., & Beacham, J. (2018) · SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE · doi:10.3280/sur2018-115-s1003 · Cited by 19
Environmental impact of Italian canned tomato logistics: national vs. regional supply chains
Marletto, G., & Sillig, C. (2013) · Journal of Transport Geography · doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.12.002 · Cited by 17
Local food systems from a sustainability perspective: experiences from Sweden
Nilsson, H. (2009) · International Journal of Sustainable Society · doi:10.1504/ijssoc.2009.028906 · Cited by 17
Contemporary food policy challenges and opportunities
Pinstrup‐Andersen, P. (2013) · Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics · doi:10.1111/1467-8489.12019 · Cited by 17
Child obesity: what can be done and who will do it?
Lobstein, T. (2008) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665108008598 · Cited by 17
Agroecology as a Transdisciplinary Science for a Sustainable Agriculture
Caporali, F. (2010) · Sustainable agriculture reviews · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9513-8_1 · Cited by 19
Smith, J. (2010) · Cited by 17
Sensemaking and financial management in the decision-making process of farmers
Hayden, M. T., Mattimoe, R., & Jack, L. (2021) · Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change · doi:10.1108/jaoc-11-2020-0186 · Cited by 30
Csambalik, L., Divéky‐Ertsey, A., Gál, I., Madaras, K., Sípos, L., Székely, G., & Pusztai, P. (2023) · Horticulturae · doi:10.3390/horticulturae9080895 · Cited by 20
Greening the canned peach production
Folinas, D., Aidonis, D., & Karayannakidis, P. D. (2015) · Journal of Agricultural Informatics · doi:10.17700/jai.2015.6.1.154 · Cited by 16
The Economics of the Naturalist Food Paradigm
Rausser, G. C., Sexton, S., & Zilberman, D. (2019) · Annual Review of Resource Economics · doi:10.1146/annurev-resource-100516-053623 · Cited by 16
Environmental sustainability assessment of ready-made baby foods: Meals, menus and diets
Sieti, N., Rivera, X. C. S., Stamford, L., & Azapagic, A. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.363 · Cited by 16
Annaert, B., Goossens, Y., Geeraerd, A. H., Mathijs, E., & Vranken, L. (2017) · International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability · doi:10.1080/14735903.2017.1353721 · Cited by 16
Systems frame for multidisciplinary study on sustainability of localising food
Helenius, J., Aro-Heinilä, E., Hietala-Koivu, R., Mikkola, M., Risku-Norja, H., Seppänen, L., Sinkkonen, M., & Vihma, A. (2007) · Progress in Industrial Ecology An International Journal · doi:10.1504/pie.2007.015615 · Cited by 16
Exploring state pension provision policy for the farming community
Hayden, M. T., McNally, B., & Kinsella, A. (2021) · Journal of Rural Studies · doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.05.032 · Cited by 15
Food-triad: An index for sustainable consumption
Guido, Y. D. A. S., Fonseca, G., Soares, A. D. F., da Silva, E. C. N., Ostanik, P. A. G., & Perobelli, J. E. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140027 · Cited by 14
Local Food Activity in Scotland: Empirical Evidence and Research Agenda
Watts, D., Leat, P. M. K., & Revoredo‐Giha, C. (2010) · Regional Studies · doi:10.1080/00343400903380416 · Cited by 17
Environmental impacts of baby food: Ready-made porridge products
Sieti, N., Rivera, X. C. S., Stamford, L., & Azapagic, A. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.009 · Cited by 15
Climate Change Adaptation: Implications for Food Security and Nutrition
Ajilogba, C. F., & Walker, S. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_142 · Cited by 14
Evaluating the CO2 Emission of the Milk Supply Chain in Italy: An Exploratory Study
Torquati, B., Taglioni, C., & Cavicchi, A. (2015) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su7067245 · Cited by 14
BIODIVERSITY OF SOIL FUNGI ON INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT FARMING SYSTEM
Muhibuddin, A., Addina, L., Abadi, A. L., & Ahmad, A. (2011) · doi:10.17503/agrivita.v33i2.52 · Cited by 14
Öhlund, E., Hammer, M., & Björklund, J. (2017) · International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability · doi:10.1080/14735903.2017.1399514 · Cited by 14
Food Miles: Starving the Poor?
Ballingall, J., & Winchester, N. (2010) · World Economy · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9701.2010.01270.x · Cited by 14
The Influence of Local Selling Decisions on Organic Farm Incomes
Park, T. A., & Lohr, L. (2010) · Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization · doi:10.2202/1542-0485.1303 · Cited by 14
Global Economics of Nutrient Cycling
Janssen, B. H., & Oenema, O. (2008) · Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling · Cited by 14
Taste, Waste and the New Materiality of Food
Turner, B. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429424502 · Cited by 14
Combining Life Cycle Assessment of food products with economic tools
Settanni, E., Notarnicola, B., & Tassielli, G. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1533/9780857090225.3.207 · Cited by 13
Sharma, S., & Patil, S. V. (2011) · International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management · doi:10.4018/jisscm.2011100102 · Cited by 13
Farm assurance schemes: can they improve farming standards?
Lewis, K. A., Tzilivakis, J., Green, A., Warner, D., & Coles, A. (2008) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/00070700810918009 · Cited by 13
From field to table through the long way. Analyzing the global supply chain of Spanish tomato
Saralegui-Díez, P., Aguilera, E., de Molina, M. G., & Guzmán, G. I. (2023) · Sustainable Production and Consumption · doi:10.1016/j.spc.2023.10.003 · Cited by 13
Cui, Y., Diarrassouba, I., Joncour, C., & Michel, S. (2024) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su16177781 · Cited by 15
Enabling Sustainable Production-Consumption Systems
Lebel, L., & Lorek, S. (2008) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev.energy.33.022007.145734 · Cited by 12
Carbon farming and agriculture: a bibliometric analysis
Khaqan, K., Fest, B., Harrison, T. J., & Sandhu, H. (2025) · Discover Agriculture · doi:10.1007/s44279-025-00173-z · Cited by 11
Impact of Climate Change on Spice Crops
Das, S., & Sharangi, A. B. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75016-3_14 · Cited by 11
Agroforestry: Reconciling Production with Protection of the Environment
Smith, J. (2010) · Organic Eprints (International Centre for Research in Organic Food Systems, and Research Institute of Organic Agriculture) · Cited by 11
Schneider, S., & Gazolla, M. (2015) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s1057-192220150000022005 · Cited by 10
Torquati, B., Cecchini, L., Paffarini, C., & Chiorri, M. (2021) · ECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE · doi:10.3280/ecag1-2021oa11391 · Cited by 15
Stojanović, Ž., & Radosavljević, K. (2013) · Ekonomika preduzeca · doi:10.5937/ekopre1304174s · Cited by 10
Competitiveness of local food: an empirical analysis of the tomato market dynamics
Fang, X., Hui, H., & Leung, P. (2017) · The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review · doi:10.22434/ifamr2016.0139 · Cited by 10
Urban Agriculture and Ecosystem Services: A Typology and Toolkit for Planners
Doherty, K. E. (2021) · Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst) · doi:10.7275/7080798 · Cited by 10
Znaor, D., Pretty, J., Morison, J. I. L., & Todorović, S. K. (2005) · Organic Eprints (International Centre for Research in Organic Food Systems, and Research Institute of Organic Agriculture) · Cited by 10
Self-citationGudo, A. J. A., Deng, J., Belete, M., & Abubakar, G. A. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12041483 · Cited by 9
de Oliveira, I. K., de Oliveira, L. K., Lisboa, M. R. A. F., Madalon, E. C. N., de Freitas, L. F., & Filho, A. C. P. (2021) · Logistics · doi:10.3390/logistics5020030 · Cited by 9
Vers une alimentation durable ? Ce qu'enseigne la littérature scientifique
Redlingshöfer, B. (2006) · HAL · Cited by 9
A Values-Based Framework for Community Food Choices
Gregory, N., & Gregory, R. (2010) · Environmental Values · doi:10.3197/096327110x485400 · Cited by 9
Embodied water imports to the UK under climate change
Hunt, A., Wilby, R. L., Dale, N., Sura, K., & Watkiss, P. (2013) · Climate Research · doi:10.3354/cr01200 · Cited by 9
Mundler, P., & Rumpus, L. (2012) · Cahiers de géographie du Québec · doi:10.7202/1012220ar · Cited by 13
Green Accounting for Agriculture1
Buckwell, A. E. (2005) · Journal of Agricultural Economics · doi:10.1111/j.1477-9552.2005.00012.x · Cited by 9
Tirado, R., Apoteker, A., Contiero, M., Cotter-Howells, J. D., Krishna, G. V., Krishnan, R., Lara, A., Luo, L., Ocampo, D. M., Pispini, M., et al. (2009) · Cited by 9
Hellstrand, S., Sumelius, J., Bäckman, S., laitos, T., & Ekonomi, I. F. (2008) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja · Cited by 9
Conscious consumer resistance? Local organic food networks versus the supermarkets
Seyfang, G. (2006) · Econstor (Econstor) · Cited by 9
Mcgirr, H. K., & Batterbury, S. P. J. (2015) · Geographical Research · doi:10.1111/1745-5871.12156 · Cited by 8
Micro-ecopreneurs and the UK food industry: short-term fad or sustainable reality?
Indaco-Patters, S., Fearon, C., Nolan, C., & Warden, K. (2013) · Industrial and Commercial Training · doi:10.1108/ict-02-2013-0004 · Cited by 8
Construction of Green Supply Chain for Organic Products
Tundys, B., & Rzeczycki, A. (2015) · Operations and Supply Chain Management An International Journal · doi:10.31387/oscm0190132 · Cited by 8
Analise do ciclo de vida da soja
Cavalett, O. (2008) · doi:10.47749/t/unicamp.2008.421184 · Cited by 8
Food Miles, Carbon Footprinting and their potential impact on tradePreprint
Saunders, C. M., Barber, A., & Sorenson, L. O. (2009) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · doi:10.22004/ag.econ.48051 · Cited by 8
Sustainability of local versus global bread supply chains: a literature reviewPreprint
Gava, O., Galli, F., Bartolini, F., & Brunori, G. (2014) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · doi:10.22004/ag.econ.173096 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Pretty, J. N., Ball, A. S., Lang, T., & Morison, J. I. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Essex (GB)
- City, University of London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Pretty, J.N.
- Venue
- Food Policy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-02
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-19
- ISSN
- 0306-9192 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2066015893
- Cited by
- 516
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 27.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Food Policy (publishedVersion)
- Flinders Academic Commons (Flinders University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Organic Food and Agriculture
- Keywords
- food miles, negative externalities, environmental costs of agriculture, animal husbandry, organic farming, agricultural subsidies, food basket, sustainable transport, UK food system
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review