Selenomethionine protects against adverse biological effects induced by space radiation
Abstract
Ionizing radiation-induced adverse biological effects impose serious challenges to astronauts during extended space travel. Of particular concern is the radiation from highly energetic, heavy, charged particles known as HZE particles. The objective of the present study was to characterize HZE particle radiation-induced adverse biological effects and evaluate the effect of D-selenomethionine (SeM) on the HZE particle radiation-induced adverse biological effects. The results showed that HZE particle radiation can increase oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and cell transformation in vitro, and decrease the total antioxidant status in irradiated Sprague-Dawley rats. These adverse biological effects were all preventable by treatment with SeM, suggesting that SeM is potentially useful as a countermeasure against space radiation-induced adverse effects. Treatment with SeM was shown to enhance ATR and CHK2 gene expression in cultured human thyroid epithelial cells. As ionizing radiation is known to result in DNA damage and both ATR and CHK2 gene products are involved in DNA damage, it is possible that SeM may prevent HZE particle radiation-induced adverse biological effects by enhancing the DNA repair machinery in irradiated cells.
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Supplementation with L-SeMet might enhance ATR and CHK2 expression and might prevent cancer caused by HZE particle radiation exposure.
“However, supplementation with L-SeMet might enhance ATR and CHK2 expression and might prevent cancer caused by HZE particle radiation exposure157.”
Usage of L-SeMet in a culture of human thyroid epithelial cells upregulates gene expression of ATR and CHK2.
“Furthermore, it has been observed that the usage of L-SeMet in a culture of human thyroid epithelial cells upregulates the gene expression of ATR and CHK2157.”
HZE particles can increase cytotoxicity and oxidative stress and decrease total antioxidant status.
“These particles can increase cytotoxicity and oxidative stress and decrease the total antioxidant status155–157.”
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- Authors
- Kennedy, A. R., Ware, J. H., Guan, J., Donahue, J. J., Biaglow, J. E., Zhou, Z., Stewart, J., Vazquez, M., & Wan, X. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kennedy, Ann R.
- Venue
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 259-266
- ISSN
- 0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1995370359
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 6.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Selenium in Biological Systems
- Keywords
- selenomethionine, space radiation, HZE particles, radiation-induced oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, cell transformation, antioxidant status, ATR, Chk2, DNA damage response, DNA repair, radiation countermeasures, thyroid follicular cells, astronauts
- MeSH terms
- Aerospace Medicine, Animals, Antioxidants, Cell Line, Cell Survival, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Cosmic Radiation, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, Epithelial Cells, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Selenomethionine, Thyroid Gland, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Oxidative Stress, Cell Cycle Proteins, Dietary Supplements, Rats, Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins, Checkpoint Kinase 2
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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