Analytical measurement of discrete hydrogen sulfide pools in biological specimens
Open accessAbstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a ubiquitous gaseous signaling molecule that plays a vital role in numerous cellular functions and has become the focus of many research endeavors, including pharmacotherapeutic manipulation. Among the challenges facing the field is the accurate measurement of biologically active H₂S. We have recently reported that the typically used methylene blue method and its associated results are invalid and do not measure bona fide H₂S. The complexity of analytical H₂S measurement reflects the fact that hydrogen sulfide is a volatile gas and exists in the body in various forms, including a free form, an acid-labile pool, and bound as sulfane sulfur. Here we describe a new protocol to discretely measure specific H₂S pools using the monobromobimane method coupled with RP-HPLC. This new protocol involves selective liberation, trapping, and derivatization of H₂S. Acid-labile H₂S is released by incubating the sample in an acidic solution (pH 2.6) of 100 mM phosphate buffer with 0.1mM diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), in an enclosed system to contain volatilized H₂S. Volatilized H₂S is then trapped in 100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 9.5, 0.1 mM DTPA) and then reacted with excess monobromobimane. In a separate aliquot, the contribution of the bound sulfane sulfur pool was measured by incubating the sample with 1 mM TCEP (tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride), a reducing agent, to reduce disulfide bonds, in 100 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.6, 0.1 mM DTPA), and H₂S measurement was performed in a manner analogous to the one described above. The acid-labile pool was determined by subtracting the free hydrogen sulfide value from the value obtained by the acid-liberation protocol. The bound sulfane sulfur pool was determined by subtracting the H₂S measurement from the acid-liberation protocol alone compared to that of TCEP plus acidic conditions. In summary, our new method allows very sensitive and accurate measurement of the three primary biological pools of H₂S, including free, acid-labile, and bound sulfane sulfur, in various biological specimens.
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The existence of sulfide stores was proposed following critical revision and comparison of different concentrations of sulfide in blood, plasma and tissues obtained using different detection methods.
“The existence of such stores was proposed some time ago following critical revision and comparison of the different concentrations of sulfide in blood, plasma and tissues obtained using different detection methods.”
From On the chemical biology of the nitrite/sulfide interaction (2015) · cites this paper as [77]
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- Authors
- Shen, X., Peter, E. A., Bir, S., Wang, R., & Kevil, C. G.
- Affiliations
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport (US)
- Lakehead University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Kevil, Christopher G.
- Venue
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 11-12
- Pages
- 2276-2283
- ISSN
- 0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4413934
- OpenAlex
- W2094678745
- Cited by
- 214
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 8.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL113303)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Sulfur Compounds in Biology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Garlic and Onion Studies
- Keywords
- hydrogen sulfide, acid-labile sulfide, sulfane sulfur, monobromobimane derivatization, reversed-phase HPLC, DTPA, TCEP, biological specimen
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Animals, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Chemistry Techniques, Analytical, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Pentetic Acid, Humans, Hydrogen Sulfide, Male, Phosphines, Sulfides, Volatilization, Young Adult
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