Cited by 149Thermochemical Biomass Conversion ProcessesMining and Gasification TechnologiesChemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes

A review of cleaning technologies for biomass-derived syngas

Open access
Rey, J.R.C., Longo, A., Rijo, B., Pedrero, C.M., Tarelho, L.A.C., Brito, P.S.D., Nobre, C.·2024·Fuel

Abstract

Biomass gasification is a promising thermochemical conversion technology with substantial potential for sustainable global energy development. It can replace various fuels and chemicals derived from fossil fuels, producing a gas composed of CO, H 2 , and CH 4 as targeted compounds and CO 2 , H 2 O, and N 2 as adulterating compounds. However, the gas also contains impurities like tars, particulate matter , nitrogen and sulfur compounds , hydrogen halides, and trace metals, posing challenges for its use. Efficient gas purification is essential before application in internal combustion engines, gas turbines, or chemical processes. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of gas purification technologies arising from biomass gasification. Two main categories are explored: wet purification systems, notably using wet scrubbers, and dry purification systems, which are more appealing due to avoiding gas cooling and associated energy losses. Traditional particulate removal devices and modern catalysts for tar, acid gases, and trace metal elimination are examined in the dry purification category. Furthermore, this work describes alternative gasification concepts such as integrated gasification, supercritical-water gasification, and, chemical loop gasification, also addressing carbon capture technologies for syngas conversion. Finally, advances in syngas cleaning methods are revised and commercially available purification systems are presented and discussed, offering insights into current outcomes in this field.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.fuel.2024.132776

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259 of 259 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Gaseous biofuels offer potentially cleaner combustion leading to reduced pollutant emissions compared to some conventional fuels, versatility in application, and the ability to valorize diverse organic waste streams.

    “Specific advantages associated with using gaseous biofuels include potentially cleaner combustion leading to reduced pollutant emissions compared to some conventional fuels, versatility in application, and the ability to valorize diverse organic waste streams, although factors like process complexity, oxidant requirements (e.g., in gasification), and gas cleaning needs must be managed [233-235].”

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Cited by

Authors
Rey, J. R. C., Longo, A., Rijo, B., Pedrero, C. M., Tarelho, L. A. C., Brito, P. S. D., & Nobre, C.
Affiliations
  • Universidade Politécnica de Portalegre (PT)
  • University of Aveiro (PT)
Corresponding author
Nobre, C.
Venue
Fuel
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2024-12
Volume
377
Pages
132776
ISSN
0016-2361 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4401622780
Cited by
149
References
259
Citations by year
2026: 79 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 3 · 2019: 1
FWCI
16.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Fuel (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UIDB/05064/2020)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Mining and Gasification Technologies
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes
Keywords
syngas cleaning, biomass-derived syngas, gas purification, biomass gasification, tar removal, particulate matter removal, desulfurization

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