New onset anxiety and depression in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator during 24 months of follow-up (data from the national DEFIB-WOMEN study)
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OBJECTIVE: To examine the cumulative incidence of and covariates' association with new onset anxiety and depression in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) patients during 24 months of follow-up in patients without depression and anxiety at implant. METHODS: Patients (n = 1040; 155 (14.9%) women; mean age: 64.2 ± 10.6) with a first-time ICD enrolled in the national, multi-center prospective observational DEFIB-WOMEN study comprised the study cohort. We obtained information on demographic and clinical data from the Danish Pacemaker and ICD Register. RESULTS: During 24 months of follow-up, 138 (14.5%) patients developed new onset anxiety and 109 (11.3%) new onset depression. Age ≥ 60 [HR:0.60;95%CI:0.40-0.90] and an anxiety score between 3 and 4 [HR:2.85; 95%CI:1.71-4.75] and 5-7 [HR:5.97; 95%CI:3.77-9.45] on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were associated with different hazards of new onset anxiety during follow-up. Age ≥ 60 [HR:0.62;95%CI:0.42-0.93] and a HADS depression score between 3 and 4 [HR:2.99;95%CI:1.80-4.95] and 5-7 [HR:6.45; 95%CI:4.12-10.10] were associated with different hazards of new onset depression. CONCLUSION: During 24 months of follow-up, respectively 14.5% and 11.3% of patients developed new onset anxiety and depression, suggesting that screening patients at several timepoints, and in particular those with even minimally elevated HADS scores at baseline, may be warranted to identify patients at risk for poor health outcomes.
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Data from a Danish cohort study found that patients without psychological distress at implantation have a cumulative incidence rate of developing anxiety and depression of 14.5% and 11.3%, respectively.
“Data from a Danish cohort study found that patients without psychological distress at the time of implantation have a cumulative incidence rate of developing anxiety and depression of 14.5% and 11.3%, respectively”
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- Authors
- Pedersen, S. S., Nielsen, J. C., Wehberg, S., Jørgensen, O. D., Riahi, S., Haarbo, J., Philbert, B. T., Larsen, M. L., & Johansen, J. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern Denmark (DK)
- Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
- Odense University Hospital (DK)
- Aalborg University Hospital (DK)
- Copenhagen University Hospital (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Pedersen, Susanne S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- General Hospital Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-09
- Volume
- 72
- Pages
- 59-65
- ISSN
- 0163-8343 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3185177607
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9
- FWCI
- 3.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- General Hospital Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF16OC0018658)
- Hjerteforeningen
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, anxiety, depression, cumulative incidence, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, risk factors, old age, mental health screening
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Middle Aged, Defibrillators, Implantable
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