Future Directions for Pain Management
Open accessAbstract
According to the Institute of Medicine Relieving Pain in America Report and the soon to be released National Pain Strategy, pain affects over 100 million Americans and costs our country in over $500 billion per year. We have a greater appreciation for the complex nature of pain and that it can develop into a disease in itself. As such, we need more efforts on prevention of chronic pain and for interdisciplinary approaches. For precision pain medicine to be successful, we need to link learning health systems with pain biomarkers (eg, genomics, proteomics, patient reported outcomes, brain markers) and its treatment.
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Best practices for a whole-person model of care recommend integrating nonpharmacological, complementary, and integrative health interventions into a multimodal biopsychosocial approach.
“Best practices for a whole-person model of care, including for pain care, recommend integrating nonpharmacological, complementary, and integrative health interventions into a multimodal approach using a biopsychosocial framework (BPS).1,17-21”
From Remotely Delivered Psychologically Informed Mindful Movement Physical Therapy for Pain Care: A Framework for Operationalization (2023) · cites this paper as [19]
Definitions based solely on pain duration do not consider the multidimensional nature of chronic pain, namely activity limitations and participation restrictions.
“Although conceptually appealing, this hotly debated7 approach does not consider the multidimensional nature of chronic pain, namely, the presence of activity limitations and participation restrictions,5,17,30–36 classifications recognized by the World Health Organization.37”
From Prevalence and Profile of High-Impact Chronic Pain in the United States (2019) · cites this paper as [17]
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Pain Assessment and Evaluation
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- Authors
- Mackey, S.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mackey, Sean
- ORCID
- Mackey, Sean
- Venue
- Hand Clinics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-02
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 91-98
- ISSN
- 0749-0712 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4818647
- OpenAlex
- W2172755174
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Hand Clinics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (K24DA029262)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- pain management, chronic pain, pain prevention, multidisciplinary pain management, learning health systems, pain biomarkers, genomics, proteomics, patient-reported outcomes, brain markers
- MeSH terms
- Forecasting, Humans, Societies, Medical, United States, Precision Medicine, Chronic Pain, Pain Management
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