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Cited by 243Racial and Ethnic Identity ResearchHealth disparities and outcomesMaternal and Neonatal Healthcare

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Separate and unequal: Structural racism and infant mortality in the US

Wallace, Maeve, Crear-Perry, Joia, Richardson, Lisa, Tarver, Meshawn, Theall, Katherine·2017·Health & Place
DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.03.012
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Abstract

We examined associations between state-level measures of structural racism and infant mortality among black and white populations across the US. Overall and race-specific infant mortality rates in each state were calculated from national linked birth and infant death records from 2010 to 2013. Structural racism in each state was characterized by racial inequity (ratio of black to white population estimates) in educational attainment, median household income, employment, imprisonment, and juvenile custody. Poisson regression with robust standard errors estimated infant mortality rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with an IQR increase in indicators of structural racism overall and separately within black and white populations. Across all states, increasing racial inequity in unemployment was associated with a 5% increase in black infant mortality (RR=1.05, 95% CI=1.01, 1.10). Decreasing racial inequity in education was associated with an almost 10% reduction in the black infant mortality rate (RR=0.92, 95% CI=0.85, 0.99). None of the structural racism measures were significantly associated with infant mortality among whites. Structural racism may contribute to the persisting racial inequity in infant mortality.

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Metadata

Authors
Wallace, M., Crear-Perry, J., Richardson, L., Tarver, M., & Theall, K.
Affiliations
  • Tulane University (US)
  • Institute of Women and Ethnic Studies (US)
Corresponding author
Wallace, Maeve
ORCID
Venue
Health & Place
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-05
Volume
45
Pages
140-144
ISSN
1353-8292 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.03.012
OpenAlex
W2598043244
Cited by
243
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1
FWCI
26.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Health & Place (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • W.K. Kellogg Foundation (P3032230)
  • Frost Foundation
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
  • Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
Keywords
structural racism, infant mortality, racial inequity, racial disparities, unemployment, educational attainment, household income, incarceration, juvenile custody, United States
MeSH terms
Black or African American, Education, Female, Humans, Income, Infant, Infant Mortality, Infant, Newborn, Male, United States, White People, Health Status Disparities, Racism

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