Biosorption of Hg (II) from Aqueous Solution Using Algal Biomass: Kinetics and Isotherm Studies
Open accessAbstract
The present work investigated the ability of algal biomass Chlorella vulgaris to remove mercury from aqueous solutions. The mercury biosorption process was studied through batch experiments 35 °C temperature with regard to the influence of contact time, initial mercury concentration, pH and desorption. The maximum adsorption capacity was registered at pH 6. The adsorption conduct of Hg(II) was defined by pseudo second order well rather pseudo first order as the experimental data (q e ) come to an agreement with the calculated value. The kinetics of adsorption was fast and a high capacity of adsorption occurred within only 90 min. The adsorption data were signified by many models but Langmuir (q max = 42. mg g −1 ) & Freundlich fitted well having regression coefficients near to unity. The thermodynamic parameters were also suited well as negative value of free energy cope up to spontaneity, positive value of the randomness described by ΔS attributed to affinity of Hg +2 towards algal bioadsorbant and high positive value of heat of enthalpy designates that the adsorption process is expected due to robust interactions between the Hg(II) ions and various functional groups on surface of algal bioadsorbant. Field emission scanning electron microscopy integrated with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis before and after adsorption of Hg(II) reveals the adsorption of metallic ions over the surface. FTIR study supported the existence of various functional groups (carboxylix, amines, hydroxyls, amides etc.) helped in adsorption. Continuous adsorption desorption experiments proved that algal cells was excellent biosorbents with potential for further development.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Scenedesmus dimorphus exhibited Co2+ adsorption capacity of 0.672 mg/g when subjected to fast pyrolysis at 500 °C, following Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics.
“Scenedesmus dimorphus exhibited a lower Co 2+ adsorption capacity of 0.672 mg/g when subjected to fast pyrolysis at 500 • C, following the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics [88].”
From Algal-Based Carbonaceous Materials for Environmental Remediation: Advances in Wastewater Treatment, Carbon Sequestration, and Biofuel Applications (2025) · cites this paper as [88]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review
Fu, F., & Wang, Q. (2011) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.11.011 · Cited by 8,703 · see citing works
Wuana, R. A., & Okieimen, F. E. (2011) · ISRN Ecology · doi:10.5402/2011/402647 · Cited by 3,931 · see citing works
New trends in removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater
Barakat, M. A. (2011) · Arabian Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2010.07.019 · Cited by 3,094 · see citing works
A review of potentially low-cost sorbents for heavy metals
Bailey, S., Olin, T. J., Bricka, R. M., & Adrian, D. D. (1999) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(98)00475-8 · Cited by 3,030 · see citing works
Removal of metals by biosorption: a review
Veglio', F., & Beolchini, F. (1997) · Hydrometallurgy · doi:10.1016/s0304-386x(96)00059-x · Cited by 1,236 · see citing works
Theoretical models of sorption kinetics including a surface reaction mechanism: A review
Płaziński, W., Rudziński, W., & Płazińska, A. (2009) · Advances in Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.cis.2009.07.009 · Cited by 1,018 · see citing works
Uptake, Toxicity, and Trophic Transfer of Mercury in a Coastal Diatom
Mason, R. P., Reinfelder, J. R., & Morel, F. M. M. (1996) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es950373d · Cited by 666 · see citing works
Alyüz, B., & Veli, S. (2009) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.01.006 · Cited by 619 · see citing works
Rapid removal and recovery of Pb(II) from wastewater by magnetic nanoadsorbents
Nassar, N. N. (2010) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.08.069 · Cited by 598 · see citing works
Kushwaha, A., Hans, N., Kumar, S., & Rani, R. (2017) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.049 · Cited by 550 · see citing works
Bioremoval of heavy metals by the use of microalgae
Wilde, E. W., & Benemann, J. R. (1993) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/0734-9750(93)90003-6 · Cited by 479 · see citing works
Removal of heavy metal from industrial wastewater using chitosan coated oil palm shell charcoal
Nomanbhay, S. M., & Palanisamy, K. (2005) · Electronic Journal of Biotechnology · doi:10.4067/s0717-34582005000100008 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Aminochelates in plant nutrition: a review
Souri, M. K., & Hatamian, M. (2018) · Journal of Plant Nutrition · doi:10.1080/01904167.2018.1549671 · Cited by 442 · see citing works
Sorption and desorption of lead (II) from wastewater by green algae Cladophora fascicularis
Deng, L., Su, Y., Su, H., Wang, X., & Zhu, X. (2006) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.09.009 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Removal of heavy metal from industrial wastewater using chitosan coated oil palm shell charcoal
Nomanbhay, S. M., & Palanisamy, K. (2005) · Electronic Journal of Biotechnology · doi:10.2225/vol8-issue1-fulltext-7 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Goswami, L., Kumar, R. V., Borah, S. N., Manikandan, N. A., Pakshirajan, K., & Pugazhenthi, G. (2018) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2018.10.024 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Treatment of simulated Reactive Yellow 22 (Azo) dye effluents using Spirogyra species
Mohan, S. V., Rao, N. C., Prasad, K. K., & Karthikeyan, J. (2002) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/s0956-053x(02)00030-2 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Heavy metal detoxification and tolerance mechanisms in plants: Implications for phytoremediation
Kushwaha, A., Rani, R., Kumar, S., & Gautam, A. (2015) · Environmental Reviews · doi:10.1139/er-2015-0010 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Areco, M. M., Hanela, S., Durán, J., & Afonso, M. D. S. (2012) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.01.073 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Cao, Q., Luo, F., & Chen, J. (2008) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.07.046 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions using immobilized fungal biomass in continuous mode
Kapoor, A., & Viraraghavan, T. (1998) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(97)00417-x · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Kumar, R. V., Goswami, L., Pakshirajan, K., et al. (2016) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2016.08.012 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Souri, M. K., Hatamian, M., & Tesfamariam, T. (2019) · Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture · doi:10.1186/s40538-019-0170-3 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Goswami, L., Kumar, R. V., Pakshirajan, K., & Pugazhenthi, G. (2018) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.029 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Goswami, L., Namboodiri, M. M. T., Kumar, R. V., Pakshirajan, K., & Pugazhenthi, G. (2016) · Renewable Energy · doi:10.1016/j.renene.2016.12.044 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Gupta, A., Vidyarthi, S. R., & Sankararamakrishnan, N. (2014) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.020 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Goswami, L., Manikandan, N. A., Dolman, B. M., et al. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.070 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Adsorption kinetics and molecular interactions of lead [Pb(II)] with natural clay and humic acid
Kushwaha, A., Rani, R., & Patra, J. K. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13762-019-02411-6 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Bhasney, S. M., Bhagabati, P., Kumar, A., et al. (2018) · Composites Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.11.028 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Goswami, L., Manikandan, N. A., Pakshirajan, K., et al. (2017) · 3 Biotech · doi:10.1007/s13205-016-0597-1 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Kushwaha, A., Rani, R., Kumar, S., Thomas, T., David, A. A., & Ahmed, M. (2017) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-017-8752-8 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Kumar, M., Goswami, L., Singh, A. K., et al. (2019) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02562 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationKumar, M., Singh, A. K., & Sikandar, M. (2018) · Applied Water Science · doi:10.1007/s13201-018-0871-y · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationBind, A., Goswami, L., & Prakash, V. (2018) · Geology Ecology and Landscapes · doi:10.1080/24749508.2018.1452460 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Gupta, V. K., Jain, R., Saleh, T. A., Nayak, A., Malathi, S., & Agarwal, S. (2011) · Separation Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/01496395.2010.535591 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Souri, M. K., Alipanahi, N., Hatamian, M., Ahmadi, M. R., & Tesfamariam, T. (2018) · Open Agriculture · doi:10.1515/opag-2018-0004 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Integrated factors controlling arsenic mobilization in an alluvial floodplain
Sathe, S. S., Goswami, L., Mahanta, C., et al. (2019) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2019.100525 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Mercury study report to Congress. Volume 3. Fate and transport of mercury in the environment
Rice, G. E., EPA, Ambrose, R., et al. (1997) · doi:10.2172/575114 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Goswami, L., Kumar, R. V., Manikandan, N. A., Pakshirajan, K., & Pugazhenthi, G. (2017) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2017.02.009 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Manikandan, N. A., Alemu, A. K., Goswami, L., et al. (2016) · Journal of Environmental Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001099 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Goswami, L., Manikandan, N. A., Taube, J. C. R., Pakshirajan, K., & Pugazhenthi, G. (2019) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05677-y · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Removal of heavy metal from industrial wastewater using chitosan coated oil palm shell charcoal
Saifuddin, M. N., & Kumaran, P. (2005) · TSpace (University of Toronto) · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Goswami, L., Kumar, R. V., Manikandan, N. A., et al. (2017) · Polycyclic aromatic compounds · doi:10.1080/10406638.2017.1302971 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Hatamian, M., Nejad, A. R., Kafi, M., et al. (2019) · Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus · doi:10.24326/asphc.2019.2.8 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Spirogyra species and accompanying algae from pools and ditches in The Netherlands
Simons, J., & van Beem, A. P. (1990) · Aquatic Botany · doi:10.1016/0304-3770(90)90073-t · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Adsorption study of lead(II) onto xanthated date palm trunk: kinetics, isotherm and mechanism
Yadav, S. K., Singh, D. K., & Sinha, S. (2013) · Desalination and Water Treatment · doi:10.1080/19443994.2013.792142 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Appropriate Liquid-to-Solid Ratio for Sorption Studies of Bentonite
Gupt, C. B., Yamsani, S. K., Prakash, A., Medhi, C. R., & Sreedeep, S. (2018) · Journal of Environmental Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001488 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Chromium(VI) removal from aqueous solution and industrial wastewater by modified date palm trunk
Yadav, S. K., Sinha, S., & Singh, D. K. (2014) · Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy · doi:10.1002/ep.12014 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Sankararamakrishnan, N., Gupta, A., & Vidyarthi, S. R. (2015) · Environmental Engineering and Management Journal · doi:10.30638/eemj.2015.114 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Admasu, D., Reddy, D. N., & Mekonnen, K. N. (2016) · Cogent Chemistry · doi:10.1080/23312009.2016.1249602 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Al-Jabri, H., Das, P., Khan, S., Thaher, M., & AbdulQuadir, M. (2020) · Water · doi:10.3390/w13010027 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
González Fernández, L. A., Medellín Castillo, N. A., Sánchez Polo, M., Navarro Frómeta, A. E., & Vilasó Cadre, J. E. (2025) · Processes · doi:10.3390/pr13020556 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Yeheyo, H. A., Ealias, A. M., George, G., & Jagannathan, U. (2024) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121409 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kumar, M., Singh, A. K., & Sikandar, M.
- Affiliations
- Harcourt Butler Technical University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Kumar, Mahendra
- ORCID
- Kumar, Mahendra
- Venue
- Heliyon
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-01
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e03321
- ISSN
- 2405-8440 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7000812
- OpenAlex
- W3003530989
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 4.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Heliyon (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Heavy Metal Pollution Remediation
- Keywords
- mercury biosorption, Chlorella vulgaris, algal biomass, adsorption kinetics, pseudo-second-order kinetics, Langmuir isotherm, Freundlich isotherm, adsorption thermodynamics, pH effect on adsorption, functional groups, heavy metal removal from water
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
