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Insights into properties, synthesis and emerging applications of polypyrrole-based composites, and future prospective: A review
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Recent advancements in polymer science and engineering underscore the importance of creating sophisticated soft materials characterized by well-defined structures and adaptable properties to meet the demands of emerging applications. The primary objective of polymeric composite technology is to enhance the functional utility of materials for high-end purposes. Both the inherent qualities of the materials and the intricacies of the synthesis process play pivotal roles in advancing their properties and expanding their potential applications. Polypyrrole (PPy)-based composites, owing to their distinctive properties, hold great appeal for a variety of applications. Despite the limitations of PPy in its pure form, these constraints can be effectively overcome through hybridization with other materials. This comprehensive review thoroughly explores the existing literature on PPy and PPy-based composites, providing in-depth insights into their synthesis, properties, and applications. Special attention is given to the advantages of intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) and PPy in comparison to other ICPs. The impact of doping anions, additives, and oxidants on the properties of PPy is also thoroughly examined. By delving into these aspects, this overview aims to inspire researchers to delve into the realm of PPy-based composites, encouraging them to explore new avenues for flexible technology applications.
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The hydrogen sensing mechanism on the surface of PANi in its emeraldine (EM) form proceeds through hydrogen adsorption and hydroxide ion desorption.
“The hydrogen sensing mechanism on the surface of PANi in its emeraldine (EM) form proceeds through hydrogen adsorption and hydroxide ion desorption.”
From Dual-function aerogel electrocatalyst enabling efficient hydrogen production and ambient-temperature hydrogen detection (2026) · cites this paper as [52]
The Sensors section discusses hydrogen detection by Ag/ZnO and lists a Pd/PPy hydrogen sensor, but neither passage describes sensing on PANi in its emeraldine form. Searches for emeraldine, hydrogen adsorption, and hydroxide-ion desorption found no passage addressing the claimed mechanism; page numbers were unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.74)
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sood, Y., Singh, K., Mudila, H., Lokhande, P. E., Singh, L., Kumar, D., Kumar, A., Mubarak, N. M., & Dehghani, M. H.
- Affiliations
- Lovely Professional University (IN)
- Metropolitan University of Technology (CL)
- Sardar Patel University Mandi (IN)
- Universiti Teknologi Brunei (BN)
- Center for Solid Waste Research (IR)
- Corresponding author
- Kumar, Anil
- Mubarak, Nabisab Mujawar
- Dehghani, Mohammad Hadi
- ORCID
- Venue
- Heliyon
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-07
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- e33643
- ISSN
- 2405-8440 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11255519
- OpenAlex
- W4400080199
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 271
- Citations by year
- 2026: 60 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 6
- FWCI
- 2.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Heliyon (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Conducting polymers and applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Dielectric materials and actuators
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer Nanocomposite Synthesis and Irradiation
- Keywords
- polypyrrole, conducting polymers, polymer composites, anion doping, oxidant effects, additives, polymer synthesis, polymer properties, flexible electronics, hybrid materials
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