Safety-promoting behaviors of community-dwelling abused Chinese women after an advocacy intervention: A randomized controlled trial
Abstract
Objective To examine the effect of an advocacy intervention on the use of safety-promoting behaviors in community-dwelling abused Chinese women as compared to a control condition of usual care. Design This efficacy trial used a randomized controlled, parallel group design. Participants and methods A total of 200 Chinese women in a community setting who screened positive for intimate partner violence using the Chinese version of the Abuse Assessment Screen were randomized to receive either an advocacy intervention (intervention group, n=100) or usual community care (control group, n=100). The outcome measured was the change in the self-reported safety-promoting behaviors as measured by the Safety-promoting Behavior Checklist over three time-points (baseline, 3-month follow-up and 9-month follow-up). Participants and assessors were blinded to the study hypothesis. Assessors were further blinded to the group membership of the participants. Results The Safety-promoting Behavior Checklist scores in the intervention group increased from the baseline on average by 5.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.92-6.39) at 3-month and 6.65 (95% CI, 5.90-7.39) at 9-month follow-ups, while the scores in the control group also increased by 1.71 (95% CI, 1.06-2.37) at 3-month and 1.79 (95% CI, 1.15-2.43) at 9-month follow-ups. After adjusting for baseline differences, the between-group differences in scores were significant at 3-month and 9-month follow-ups (p=0.04). The intervention group increased the scores by 3.61 (95% CI, 2.61-4.61, p<0.001) more than the control group at 3-month and by 4.53 (95% CI, 3.53-5.53, p<0.001) at 9-month follow-ups. Conclusion An advocacy intervention is efficacious in increasing the use of safety-promoting behaviors as compared to usual community care in community-dwelling abused Chinese women.
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In the Tiwari et al. (2010, 2012) study, the standardized mean difference for emotional abuse scores was -2.04 (CI: -4.08, 0.00), indicating a marginal reduction compared to controls.
“Tiwari et al. (JAMA, 304(5), 536-543, 2010)-Tiwari et al. (International Journal of Nursing Studies, 49(6), 645-655, 2012) SMD = -2.04;CI: -4.08, 0.00”
From Systematic review on the treatment of emotional abuse victimization in women by an intimate partner (2025) · cites this paper as Tiwari et al. (International Journal of Nursing Studies, 49(6), 645-655, 2012)
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- Authors
- Tiwari, A., Fong, D. Y. T., Wong, J. Y. H., Yuen, K.-H., Yuk, H., Pang, P., Humphreys, J., & Bullock, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Virginia (US)
- Venue
- International Journal of Nursing Studies
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 645-655
- ISSN
- 0020-7489 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2023862221
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 3.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Nursing Studies (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Demography › Elder Abuse and Neglect
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Keywords
- intimate partner violence, domestic violence, advocacy interventions, battered women, community-dwelling women, Chinese women, violence prevention
- MeSH terms
- Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Patient Advocacy, Safety, Domestic Violence
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