Secondary Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite the recognition of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women as a global health issue associated with significant morbidity and mortality, evidence-based treatment strategies for primary care settings are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To assess the comparative safety behaviors, use of community resources, and extent of violence following two levels of intervention. METHODS: A randomized, two-arm, clinical trial was completed in urban public primary care clinics with 360 abused women who assessed positive for physical or sexual abuse within the preceding 12 months. Two interventions were tested: a wallet-sized referral card and a 20-minute nurse case management protocol. Outcome measures were differences in the number of threats of abuse, assaults, danger risks for homicide, events of work harassment, safety behaviors adopted, and use of community resources between intervention groups over a 24-month period. RESULTS: Two years following treatment, both treatment groups of women reported significantly (p <.001) fewer threats of abuse (M = 14.5; 95% CI 12.6, 16.4), assaults (M = 15.5, 95% CI 13.5, 17.4), danger risks for homicide (M = 2.6; 95% CI 2.1, 3.0), and events of work harassment (M = 2.7; 95% CI 2.3, 3.1), but there were no significant differences between groups. Compared to baseline, both groups of women adopted significantly (p <.001) more safety behaviors by 24 months (M = 2.0; 95% CI 1.6, 2.3); however, community resource use declined significantly (p <.001) for both groups (M = -0.2; 95% CI -0.4,-0.2). There were no significant differences between groups. DISCUSSION: Disclosure of abuse, such as what happens with abuse assessment, was associated with the same reduction in violence and increase in safety behaviors as a nurse case management intervention. Simple assessment for abuse and offering of referrals has the potential to interrupt and prevent recurrence of IPV and associated trauma.
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- Authors
- McFarlane, J. M., Groff, J. Y., O'Brien, J. A., & Watson, K.
- Affiliations
- Texas Woman's University (US)
- ORCID
- McFarlane, Judith M.
- Venue
- Nursing Research
- Published
- 2006-01
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 52-61
- ISSN
- 0029-6562 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2010718095
- Cited by
- 206
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 12.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nursing Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (R01HS11079)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Demography › Elder Abuse and Neglect
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Stalking, Cyberstalking, and Harassment
- Keywords
- intimate partner violence, secondary prevention, battered women, nurse case management, safety behavior, community resource use, homicide risk, disclosure of abuse, primary care
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Ambulatory Care, Attitude to Health, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Mass Screening, Nursing Assessment, Patient Education as Topic, Primary Health Care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Referral and Consultation, Self Care, Social Support, Spouse Abuse, Program Evaluation, Nursing Evaluation Research, Safety Management, Battered Women, Urban Health Services, Case Management, Nurse's Role
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