The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effects of nurse staffing, work environments, and education on patient mortality: An observational study
Open accessAbstract
Background While considerable evidence has been produced showing a link between nursing characteristics and patient outcomes in the U.S. and Europe, little is known about whether similar associations are present in South Korea. Objective To examine the effects of nurse staffing, work environment, and education on patient mortality. Methods This study linked hospital facility data with staff nurse survey data (N=1,024) and surgical patient discharge data (N = 76,036) from 14 high-technology teaching hospitals with 700 or more beds in South Korea, collected between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2008. Logistic regression models that corrected for the clustering of patients in hospitals were used to estimate the effects of the three nursing characteristics on risk-adjusted patient mortality within 30 days of admission. Results Risk-adjusted models reveal that nurse staffing, nurse work environments, and nurse education were significantly associated with patient mortality (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00–1.10; OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.31–0.88; and OR 0.91, CI 0.83–0.99; respectively). These odds ratios imply that each additional patient per nurse is associated with an 5% increase in the odds of patient death within 30 days of admission, that the odds of patient mortality are nearly 50% lower in the hospitals with better nurse work environments than in hospitals with mixed or poor nurse work environments, and that each 10% increase in BSN nurse is associated with a 9% decrease in patient deaths. Conclusions Nurse staffing, nurse work environments, and percentages of BSN nurses in South Korea are associated with patient mortality. Improving hospital nurse staffing and work environments and increasing the percentages of BSN nurses would help reduce the number of preventable in-hospital deaths.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data.
Elixhauser, A., Steiner, C., Harris, D. R., & Coffey, R. M. (1998) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199801000-00004 · Cited by 9,921
Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D. M., Bruyneel, L., Van den Heede, K., Griffiths, P., Busse, R., Diomidous, M., Kinnunen, J., Kózka, M., Lesaffre, E., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62631-8 · Cited by 2,223
Self-citationAiken, L. H., Sermeus, W., Van den Heede, K., Sloane, D. M., Busse, R., McKee, M., Bruyneel, L., Rafferty, A. M., Griffiths, P., Moreno-Casbas, M. T., et al. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e1717 · Cited by 2,052
Self-citationDevelopment of the practice environment scale of the nursing work index†‡
Lake, E. T. (2002) · Research in Nursing & Health · doi:10.1002/nur.10032 · Cited by 1,769
Kane, R. L., Shamliyan, T. A., Mueller, C., Duval, S., & Wilt, T. J. (2007) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e3181468ca3 · Cited by 1,097
Data analysis 2Preprint
Wagemans, F. M. A., Brandt, M. J., & Zeelenberg, M. (2016) · Cited by 952
Nurse Staffing and Inpatient Hospital Mortality
Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Pankratz, V. S., Leibson, C. L., Stevens, S. R., & Harris, M. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa1001025 · Cited by 942
Aiken, L. H., Cimiotti, J. P., Sloane, D. M., Smith, H. L., Flynn, L., & Neff, D. F. (2011) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e3182330b6e · Cited by 822
Self-citationNurses’ reports of working conditions and hospital quality of care in 12 countries in Europe
Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D. M., Bruyneel, L., Van den Heede, K., & Sermeus, W. (2013) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.11.009 · Cited by 711
Self-citationRafferty, A. M., Clarke, S. P., Coles, J., Ball, J., James, P., McKee, M., & Aiken, L. H. (2007) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.08.003 · Cited by 520
Self-citation
Cited by
Lake, E. T., Sanders, J., Duan, R., Riman, K. A., Schoenauer, K. M., & Chen, Y. (2019) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000001109 · Cited by 424
Chronic hospital nurse understaffing meets COVID-19: an observational study
Lasater, K. B., Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D. M., French, R., Martin, B., Reneau, K., Alexander, M., & McHugh, M. D. (2021) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2020-011512 · Cited by 312
Self-citationLiu, X., Zheng, J., Liu, K., Baggs, J. G., Liu, J., Wu, Y., & You, L. (2018) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.05.005 · Cited by 234
Cho, H., & Han, K. (2018) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12390 · Cited by 105
Relationships Among Nurse Manager Leadership Skills, Conflict Management, and Unit Teamwork
Grubaugh, M. L., & Flynn, L. (2018) · JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration · doi:10.1097/nna.0000000000000633 · Cited by 79
Metadata
- Authors
- Cho, E., Sloane, D. M., Kim, E.-Y., Kim, S., Choi, M., Yoo, I. Y., Lee, H. S., & Aiken, L. H.
- Venue
- International Journal of Nursing Studies
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-02
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 535-542
- ISSN
- 0020-7489 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1971768531
- Cited by
- 306
- References
- 25
- FWCI
- 54.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Effects of nurse staffing, work environments, and education on patient mortality: An observational study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.08.006
- The paper
- Cho, E., Sloane, D. M., Kim, E.-Y., Kim, S., Choi, M., Yoo, I. Y., Lee, H. S., & Aiken, L. H. (2015). Effects of nurse staffing, work environments, and education on patient mortality: An observational study. International Journal of Nursing Studies. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.08.006
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
