The DOI matches its Crossref record; 377 of the 378 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Leadership styles and outcome patterns for the nursing workforce and work environment: A systematic review
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leadership is critical in building quality work environments, implementing new models of care, and bringing health and wellbeing to a strained nursing workforce. However, the nature of leadership style, how leadership should be enacted, and its associated outcomes requires further research and understanding. We aimed to examine the relationships between various styles of leadership and outcomes for the nursing workforce and their work environments. METHODS The search strategy of this systematic review included 10 electronic databases. Published, quantitative studies that examined the correlations between leadership behaviours and nursing outcomes were included. Quality assessments, data extractions and analysis were completed on all included studies by independent reviewers. RESULTS A total of 50,941 titles and abstracts were screened resulting in 129 included studies. Using content analysis, 121 outcomes were grouped into six categories: 1) staff satisfaction with job factors, 2) staff relationships with work, 3) staff health & wellbeing, 4) relations among staff, 5) organizational environment factors and 6) productivity & effectiveness. Our analysis illuminated patterns between relational and task focused leadership styles and their outcomes for nurses and nursing work environments. For example, 52 studies reported that relational leadership styles were associated with higher nurse job satisfaction, whereas 16 studies found that task-focused leadership styles were associated with lower nurse job satisfaction. Similar trends were found for each category of outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this systematic review provide strong support for the employment of relational leadership styles to promote positive nursing workforce outcomes and related organizational outcomes. Leadership focused solely on task completion is insufficient to achieve optimum outcomes for the nursing workforce. Relational leadership practices need to be encouraged and supported by individuals and organizations to enhance nursing job satisfaction, retention, work environment factors and individual productivity within healthcare settings.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The Quality Assessment and Validity Tool for Correlation Studies [28] was used to evaluate the quality of the 50 chosen articles.”
Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397 · Cited by 12,852
Longshore, J. M., & Bass, B. M. (1987) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258081 · Cited by 12,424
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990) · Journal of Occupational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x · Cited by 11,917
Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC)
Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2003) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.10113 · Cited by 11,793
A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991) · Human Resource Management Review · doi:10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-z · Cited by 11,049
Perceived organizational support.
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500 · Cited by 10,023
The measurement of engagement and burnout: a two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach.
Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1023/a:1015630930326 · Cited by 10,014
The measurement of organizational commitment
Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/0001-8791(79)90072-1 · Cited by 8,911
Research works printed but not linked: 19
- Al-Hussammi, 2008, A study of nurses’ job satisfaction: the relationship to organizational commitment, perceived organizational support, transactional leadership, transformational leadership, and level of education, Eur. J. Sci. Res., 22, 286
- Atwood, 1980, Job satisfaction instrument: a program of development and testing, Commun. Nurs. Res., 13, 55
- Baggs, 1992, The association between interdisciplinary collaboration and patient outcomes in medical intensive care, Heart Lung, 21, 18
- Delmas, 2001, Validation d’une version franc¸aise d’une mesure de la qualité de vie au travail, Infirmie‘ re du Québec, 8, 16
- Hanson, 2007, Quality Worklife – Quality Healthcare Collaborative (QWQHC) Environmental Scan, Can. Found Healthcare Improv.
- Hui, 1994, Effects of leader empowerment behaviors and followers’ personal control, voice and self-efficacy on in-role and extra-role performance: an extension and empirical test of Conger and Kanungo’s empowerment process model, Dissertation from Proquest Information and Learning (UMI No. 9418834)
- Laschinger, 1996, Focus on research Measuring empowerment from Kanter's (1977;1993) theoretical perspective, J. Shared Gov., 2, 23
- Liden, 1998, Multidimensionality of leade-rmember exchange: an empirical assessment through scale development, J. Manag., 24, 43
- Manojlovich, 2005, The effects of nursing leadership on hospital nurses' professional practice behaviors, J. Nurs. Adm., 35, 336
- McNeese-Smith, 2000, The influence of managers' use of leadership behaviors on staff nurses in China and the United States, Hong Kong Nurs. J., 36, 7
- Mosser, 2002, Leadership frames of nursing chairpersons and the organizational climate in baccalaureate nursing programs, South. Online J. Nurs. Res., 3
- Ogata, 2008, Translating the practice environment scale of the nursing work index (PES-NWI) into Japanese, Bull. Chiba Univ. School Nurs., 30, 19
- Peiro, 1990, EI cuestionario de satisfaccion laboral de profesionales de la salud de Equipos de Atencion Primaria (CSLPS-EAP), Revista De Psicologia De La Salud, 1, 135
- Press-Ganey, 2018
- Smith, 1989, Construction of a job in general scale: a comparison of global, composite and specific measures, J. Appl. Psychol., 74, 1
- Tropello, 2014, Servant leadership in nursing administration and academia shaping future generations of nurses and interdisciplinary team providers to transform healthcare delivery, Nurs. Leader, 12, 61
- Wallach, 1983, Individuals and organization: the cultural match, Train. Dev. J., 12, 28
- Wang, 2006, Investigation of the relationship between possibilities of promotion, social support, job satisfaction and intention to stay of nurses, Tzu Chi Nurs. J., 5, 90
- Wong, 2003, The moderating effect of a firm’s internal climate for innovation on the impact of public R&D support programmes, Int. J. Entrep. Innov. Manag., 3, 525
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cummings, G. G., Lee, S., Tate, K., Penconek, T., Micaroni, S. P. M., Paananen, T., & Chatterjee, G. E. (2020) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103842 · Cited by 342
Self-citationLabrague, L. J., Nwafor, C. E., & Tsaras, K. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13053 · Cited by 307
Determinants of nurse manager job satisfaction: A systematic review
Penconek, T., Tate, K., Bernardes, A., Lee, S., Micaroni, S. P. M., Balsanelli, A. P., de Moura, A. A., & Cummings, G. G. (2021) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103906 · Cited by 179
Self-citationNiinihuhta, M., & Häggman‐Laitila, A. (2022) · International Journal of Nursing Practice · doi:10.1111/ijn.13040 · Cited by 165
“Several reviews (Cummings et al., 2018; Skakon et al., 2010; Weberg, 2010) rooted in different disciplines have found that managers' use of certain leadership styles can enhance relationships with employees, performance, productivity, the working environment and work-related well-being.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialNurses' motivations to leave the nursing profession: A qualitative meta‐aggregation
Ooijen, W. B., Malfait, S., Waal, G. H., & Hafsteinsdøttir, T. B. (2023) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15696 · Cited by 150
Hult, M., Terkamo‐Moisio, A., Kaakinen, P., Karki, S., Nurmeksela, A., Palonen, M., Peltonen, L., & Häggman‐Laitila, A. (2023) · Nursing Open · doi:10.1002/nop2.1876 · Cited by 131
Zaghini, F., Fiorini, J., Piredda, M., Fida, R., & Sili, A. (2019) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103446 · Cited by 153
“the leadership style of management and the outcomes of healthcare organizations, already reported in different studies on authentic leadership (Cummings et al., 2018; Johnson, 2015).”
BackgroundMartin, P., Lizarondo, L. M., Kumar, S., & Snowdon, D. A. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260156 · Cited by 120
“A recent systematic review of leadership styles and outcome patterns for the nursing workforce and work environment, grouped the outcomes into six categories: staff satisfaction and job factors, staff relationships with work, staff health and wellbeing, relations among staff, organisational environment factors and pro…”
BackgroundLabrague, L. J. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13228 · Cited by 115
Kohnen, D., Witte, H. D., Schaufeli, W. B., Dello, S., Bruyneel, L., & Sermeus, W. (2024) · Human Resources for Health · doi:10.1186/s12960-023-00886-6 · Cited by 195
“Accordingly, there is still much debate in the literature about the (motivational) underlying processes through which leaders influence employee well-being [10, 17].”
BackgroundSihvola, S. P., Kvist, T. A., & Nurmeksela, A. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13640 · Cited by 103
Leadership for Innovation in Healthcare: An Exploration
Weintraub, P., & McKee, M. (2018) · International Journal of Health Policy and Management · doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2018.122 · Cited by 121
Nurmeksela, A., Mikkonen, S. J., Kinnunen, J., & Kvist, T. A. (2021) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-021-06288-5 · Cited by 97
“Although it is recognized that patient safety culture is influenced by hospital-level predictors, e.g., hospital size and staff education levels [38, 39], nurse managers nevertheless have an important role in patient safety at the unit level (Cummings et al., 2018).”
Wu, X.-X., Hayter, M., Lee, A. J., Yuan, Y., Li, S., Bi, Y.-X., Zhang, L., Cao, C., Gong, W., & Zhang, Y. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.12994 · Cited by 94
Bae, S. (2023) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-023-01190-3 · Cited by 90
“The quality assessment tool of 13 items comprised of design (one item), sample (five items), measurement (four items), and statistical analysis (three items) was adopted from previous studies [25, 26].”
MethodBaek, H., Han, K., & Ryu, E. (2019) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.12853 · Cited by 103
Nurses’ well‐being and implications for human resource management: A systematic literature review
Xiao, Q., Cooke, F. L., & Chen, L. (2022) · International Journal of Management Reviews · doi:10.1111/ijmr.12295 · Cited by 93
Factors That Influence Health-Promoting Self-care in Registered Nurses
Ross, A. C., Touchton-Leonard, K., Perez, A., Wehrlen, L., Kazmi, N., & Gibbons, S. W. (2019) · Advances in Nursing Science · doi:10.1097/ans.0000000000000274 · Cited by 82
Li, T., Pien, L., Kao, C., Kubo, T., & Cheng, W. (2021) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13485 · Cited by 68
Kiwanuka, F., Nanyonga, R. C., Sak‐Dankosky, N., Muwanguzi, P. A., & Kvist, T. A. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13151 · Cited by 101
A systematic review exploring the impact of focal leader behaviours on health care team performance
O’Donovan, R., Rogers, L., Khurshid, Z., Brún, A. D., Nicholson, E., O’Shea, M. F., Ward, M. E., & McAuliffe, É. (2021) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13403 · Cited by 64
Does Servant Leadership Control Psychological Distress in Crisis? Moderation and Mediation Mechanism
Zada, M., Zada, S., Khan, J., Saeed, I., Zhang, Y. J., Vega-Muñoz, A., & Salazar-Sepúlveda, G. (2022) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s354093 · Cited by 70
“Longitudinal studies have revealed the constructive relationship of WE with the quality of life and efficiency during enlarged staff appointments and assurance.(59,65,80) Conversely, this outcome also disagrees with previous studies by De Beer et al,(111) who reported work engagement had no significant relationship wi…”
BackgroundResultKitson, A. A., Harvey, G., Gifford, W., Hunter, S. C., Kelly, J., Cummings, G. G., Ehrenberg, A., Kislov, R., Pettersson, L., Wallin, L., et al. (2021) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.14773 · Cited by 74
Self-citationHarvey, G., Gifford, W., Cummings, G. G., Kelly, J., Kislov, R., Kitson, A. A., Pettersson, L., Wallin, L., Wilson, P. M., & Ehrenberg, A. (2018) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.09.017 · Cited by 61
Self-citationReddy, B., Thomas, S., Karachiwala, B., Sadhu, R., Iyer, A., Sen, G., Mehrtash, H., & Tunçalp, Ö. (2022) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0001134 · Cited by 72
“These factors span working relationships, management practices, leadership style [12,13], professional autonomy [14], structural issues such as physical environments and shift length and timings [15,16], as well as issues related to workforce shortages [17].”
BackgroundClinical Nurses' Perceptions of Authentic Nurse Leadership and Healthy Work Environment
Raso, R., Fitzpatrick, J. J., & Masick, K. D. (2020) · JONA The Journal of Nursing Administration · doi:10.1097/nna.0000000000000921 · Cited by 60
A SCOPING REVIEW: The role of the nurse manager as represented in the missed care literature
McCauley, L., Kirwan, M., Riklikienė, O., & Hinno, S. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13011 · Cited by 58
Towards remote leadership in health care: Lessons learned from an integrative review
Terkamo‐Moisio, A., Karki, S., Kangasniemi, M. K., Lammintakanen, J., & Häggman‐Laitila, A. (2021) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15028 · Cited by 63
Investing in Canada’s nursing workforce post-pandemic: A call to action
Murphy, G. T., Sampalli, T., Bearskin, L. B., Cashen, N., Cummings, G. G., Rose, A. E., Etowa, J. B., Grinspun, D. R., Jones, E. W., Lavoie‐Tremblay, M., et al. (2022) · FACETS · doi:10.1139/facets-2022-0002 · Cited by 59
Self-citationImpact of Nurse Manager Leadership Styles on Work Engagement: A Systematic Literature Review
Alluhaybi, A., Wilson, A., Usher, K. J., & Durkin, J. (2023) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1155/2023/5090276 · Cited by 83
“Tese outcomes, such as intention to stay and job satisfaction [21, 39, 40], ultimately promote quality care by improving patients’ experiences and overall healthcare service satisfaction [40].”
Uniformity along the way: A scoping review on characteristics of nurse education programs worldwide
van Kraaij, J., Veenstra, M., Stalpers, D., Schoonhoven, L., Vermeulen, H., & van Oostveen, C. (2022) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105646 · Cited by 59
Yıldız, B., & Elibol, E. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13200 · Cited by 53
Haunch, K. J., Thompson, C. A., Arthur, A. J., Edwards, P. W., Goodman, C. M., Hanratty, B., Meyer, J. E., Charlwood, A., Valizade, D., Backhaus, R., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103905 · Cited by 60
Pattison, N. A., & Corser, R. (2022) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15202 · Cited by 51
Nurses' ethical leadership and related outcome variables: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Kim, S., Jeong, S. H., & Seo, M. H. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13726 · Cited by 58
Studying the clinical encounter with the Adaptive Leadership framework
Bailey, D. E., Docherty, Adams, Carthron, Corazzini, Day, Neglia, Thygeson, M., & Anderson, R. A. (2012) · Journal of Healthcare Leadership · doi:10.2147/jhl.s32686 · Cited by 50
Leadership in Healthcare: Transitioning From Clinical Professional to Healthcare Leader
Perez, J. M. (2021) · Journal of Healthcare Management · doi:10.1097/jhm-d-20-00057 · Cited by 49
Leadership and job satisfaction in the Mobile Emergency Care Service context
de Moura, A. A., Bernardes, A., Balsanelli, A. P., Dessotte, C. A. M., Gabriel, C. S., & Zanetti, A. C. B. (2020) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.3455.3260 · Cited by 46
“These results are in line with studies on the subject, showing that contemporary leadership models establish a positive relationship between leadership and job satisfaction(5-6).”
BackgroundResultExploring the benefits and limitations of transactional leadership in healthcare
Richards, A. (2020) · Nursing Standard · doi:10.7748/ns.2020.e11593 · Cited by 46
The Leadership Mentoring in Nursing Research Program for Postdoctoral Nurses: A Development Paper
Hafsteinsdøttir, T. B., Schoonhoven, L., Hamers, J. P. H., & Schuurmans, M. J. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12565 · Cited by 46
“…with improved patient outcomes, working environments, and financial performance of healthcare organizations (Cummings, MacGregor, et al., 2010[JC8]; Cummings et al., 2018; Wong et al., 2013), highlighting the importance of transformational leadership in creating work environments that support…”
BackgroundInfluentialLeadership styles and leadership outcomes in nursing homes: a cross-sectional analysis
Poels, J., Verschueren, M., Milisen, K., & Vlaeyen, E. (2020) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-020-05854-7 · Cited by 51
Warshawsky, N. E., Cramer, E., Grandfield, E. M., & Schlotzhauer, A. E. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13649 · Cited by 60
Tate, K., Penconek, T., Dias, B. M., Cummings, G. G., & Bernardes, A. (2023) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15663 · Cited by 43
Self-citationAlluhaybi, A., Usher, K. J., Durkin, J., & Wilson, A. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0296082 · Cited by 63
Ofei, A. M. A., Paarima, Y., Barnes, T., & Poku, C. A. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13741 · Cited by 41
Yu, F., Raphael, D. L., Mackay, L. M., Smith, M., & Fernandez, R. S. (2025) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2025.105054 · Cited by 40
Hartviksen, T. A., Aspfors, J., & Uhrenfeldt, L. (2019) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-019-4345-1 · Cited by 46
Ralph, J., Freeman‐Gibb, L., Ménard, A. D., & Soucie, K. M. (2021) · Journal of Health Organization and Management · doi:10.1108/jhom-02-2021-0051 · Cited by 40
An integrative review on interventions for strengthening professional governance in nursing
Kanninen, T., Häggman‐Laitila, A., Tervo‐Heikkinen, T., & Kvist, T. A. (2021) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13377 · Cited by 39
“For example, three reviews synthesized the results from a total of 186 original papers (Bianchi et al. 2018; Cummings et al. 2018; Wei et al. 2020).”
BackgroundEva, G., Amo-Setién, F. J., Leal‐Costa, C., Sampedro, C. S., Martín-Melón, R., Molina‐Mula, J., & Ortego, C. (2023) · International Nursing Review · doi:10.1111/inr.12826 · Cited by 37
Assessing the impacts of nurse staffing and work schedules on nurse turnover: A systematic review
Bae, S. (2023) · International Nursing Review · doi:10.1111/inr.12849 · Cited by 55
She, J., Zhang, R., Li, Y., Mei, Y., & Li, H. (2023) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1155/2023/9929435 · Cited by 44
“Leadership is defned as “the process by which one person infuences a group of people to achieve a common goal” and plays a critical role in the growth and success of an organization [9].”
de Kok, E., Weggelaar‐Jansen, A. M., Reede, C., Schoonhoven, L., & Lalleman, P. (2022) · Nursing Inquiry · doi:10.1111/nin.12525 · Cited by 39
Dirik, H. F., & İntepeler, Ş. S. (2023) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15926 · Cited by 35
Penconek, T., Tate, K., Lartey, S. A., Polat, D., Bernardes, A., Dias, B. M., Nuspl, M., & Cummings, G. G. (2024) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.16227 · Cited by 48
Self-citationFernet, C., Gillet, N., Austin, S., Trépanier, S., & Drouin‐Rousseau, S. (2021) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13433 · Cited by 38
Mirzaei, A., Imashi, R., Saghezchi, R. Y., Jafari, M. J., & Nemati‐Vakilabad, R. (2024) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-024-02203-5 · Cited by 34
“…nurse outcomes, such as productivity, job satisfaction, and employee retention; by understanding and enhancing the competencies of nurse managers, this study aims to address the pressing clinical and social issues related to workforce stability and patient care quality in healthcare settings [7].”
BackgroundPrayudi, M. A., Nurkholis, N., Saraswati, E., & Rusydi, M. K. (2023) · Australasian Accounting Business and Finance Journal · doi:10.14453/aabfj.v18i1.04 · Cited by 34
Liu, D., Yang, X., Zhang, C., Zhang, W., Tang, Q., Xie, Y., & Shi, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.884955 · Cited by 33
“experience, and support from family and friends means that an individual receives material and direct assistance from family and friends (37, 38).”
BackgroundDeveloping leadership in postdoctoral nurses: A longitudinal mixed-methods study
van Dongen, L. J. C., Cardiff, S., Kluijtmans, M., Schoonhoven, L., Hamers, J. P. H., Schuurmans, M. J., & Hafsteinsdøttir, T. B. (2021) · Nursing Outlook · doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2021.01.014 · Cited by 32
Developing nurse leaders: Toward a theory of authentic leadership empowerment
Doherty, D. P., & Revell, S. M. H. (2020) · Nursing Forum · doi:10.1111/nuf.12446 · Cited by 34
Ali, R., & Kashif, M. (2020) · Review of Business Management · doi:10.7819/rbgn.v22i4.4085 · Cited by 33
Vătămănescu, E., Dinu, E., Stratone, M.-E., Stăneiu, R.-M., & Vintilă, F. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14116424 · Cited by 36
Niinihuhta, M., Terkamo‐Moisio, A., Kvist, T. A., & Häggman‐Laitila, A. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13806 · Cited by 32
Kim, H. O., Lee, I., & Lee, B. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13596 · Cited by 31
Beiboer, C., Andela, R., Hafsteinsdøttir, T. B., Weldam, S. W. M., Holtrop, T., & van der Cingel, M. (2023) · Nurse Education in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103603 · Cited by 34
Choi, P.-P., Lee, W.-M., Wong, S.-S., & Tiu, M.-H. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191811461 · Cited by 38
“According to the extant literature, nurse manager competencies are closely associated with nurse outcomes [7,8].”
BackgroundLeadership and care in nursing research: A bibliometric analysis
Kantek, F., Yeşilbaş, H., & ÖZEN, T. A. (2022) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15527 · Cited by 31
Lv, M., Jiang, S., Chen, H., & Zhang, S. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13669 · Cited by 30
Qiu, S., Dooley, L. M., Deng, R., & Li, L. (2020) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.14366 · Cited by 30
Leadership self‐perception of clinical nurses at the bedside: A qualitative descriptive study
Booher, L., Yates, E., Claus, S., Haight, K., & Burchill, C. N. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.15705 · Cited by 30
Keskin, S. T., & Kılıç, M. Ö. (2023) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15951 · Cited by 36
Solbakken, R., Bondas, T. E., & Kasén, A. (2019) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.12806 · Cited by 31
“Nursing leadership is correlated with patient outcomes such as patient satisfaction and adverse events (Cummings et al., 2010, 2018; Solbakken & Bondas, 2016; Wong, Cummings, & Ducharme, 2013).”
BackgroundAn integrative review of nursing leadership in Saudi Arabia
Alilyyani, B., Kerr, M., Wong, C. A., & Wazqar, D. Y. (2021) · Nursing Open · doi:10.1002/nop2.1117 · Cited by 30
“…is evidence that nurse managers and their leadership styles can have direct and substantial effects on staff, patient and organization outcomes (Cummings et al., 2018); however, there is very little research on the leadership styles of nurse managers in Saudi Arabia (El Dahshan et al., 2017;…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationAleo, G., Pagnucci, N., Walsh, N., Watson, R. A., Lang, D., Kearns, T., White, M., & Fitzgerald, C. (2024) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106161 · Cited by 28
Desmedt, M., Geest, S. D., Schubert, M., Schwendimann, R., & Ausserhofer, D. (2012) · Swiss Medical Weekly · doi:10.4414/smw.2012.13733 · Cited by 28
Tate, K., Hewko, S., McLane, P., Baxter, P. E., Perry, K., Armijo-Olivo, S. L., Estabrooks, C. A., Gordon, D., & Cummings, G. G. (2018) · Journal of Health Services Research & Policy · doi:10.1177/1355819618786764 · Cited by 29
“We defined management practice as decision-making processes targeting organizational or staff outcomes, such as performance and financial management and staff mix and morale.(9,22) We used Rousseau’s(1) definition of evidence-based management: translating best available scientific evidence into organizational practice.”
MethodSelf-citationLei, L., Lin, K. P., Huang, S., Tung, H., Tsai, J., & Tsay, S. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13562 · Cited by 28
Köksal, K., & Mert, İ. S. (2023) · International Nursing Review · doi:10.1111/inr.12841 · Cited by 31
Lui, J. N. M., Andres, E. B., & Johnston, J. M. (2023) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104675 · Cited by 34
Hagerman, H., Engström, M., Wadensten, B., & Skytt, B. (2019) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.12793 · Cited by 27
“Regarding their managerial position, managers have described having significant influence on their sub‐ ordinates' work conditions and well‐being (Cummings et al., 2018; Holm & Severinsson, 2014) as well as on the quality of care (Skytt, Hagerman, Strömberg, & Engström, 2015) and patient safety…”
BackgroundChristoffersen, L., Teigen, J., & Rønningstad, C. (2020) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2020.102669 · Cited by 27
Leader empowering behaviour: relationships with nurse and patient outcomes
Cziraki, K., Wong, C., Kerr, M., & Finegan, J. (2020) · Leadership in Health Services · doi:10.1108/lhs-04-2020-0019 · Cited by 27
Self-citationThe evolution of oncology nursing: Leading the path to change.
Cummings, G. G., Lee, S., & Tate, K. (2018) · PubMed Central · Cited by 27
Self-citationCompassionate leadership in palliative and end-of-life care: a focus group study
Hewison, A., Sawbridge, Y., & Tooley, L. (2019) · Leadership in Health Services · doi:10.1108/lhs-09-2018-0044 · Cited by 26
Leadership Development in Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Scoping Review
Costa, P., Sousa, J. P., do Nascimento, T. F. R., Cruchinho, P. J. M., Nunes, E., Gaspar, F., & Lucas, P. R. M. B. (2025) · Nursing Reports · doi:10.3390/nursrep15050160 · Cited by 38
“Other systematic reviews have also found that nurses’ relational leadership styles are mediated by their ability to mobilise resources and achieve goals through access to information, support, and opportunities [23] and are also associated with higher levels of job satisfaction among staff [5].”
Haddad, M. E., Wilkinson, G., Thompson, L. A., Faithfull‐Byrne, A., & Moss, C. (2019) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.12860 · Cited by 26
Sjølie, B. M., Hartviksen, T. A., & Bondas, T. E. (2020) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-020-4918-z · Cited by 26
Is leadership of nurses associated with nurse-reported quality of care? A cross-sectional survey
Hooge, L. E. D. B.-D., van Os‐Medendorp, H., & Hafsteinsdøttir, T. B. (2021) · Journal of research in nursing · doi:10.1177/1744987120976176 · Cited by 26
van Dongen, L. J. C., & Hafsteinsdøttir, T. B. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.16168 · Cited by 26
“Systematic reviews have provided robust evidence that relational oriented leadership style, including transformational leadership, is linked to improved patient, workforce and organisation outcomes when compared to task- focussed leadership styles (Cummings et al., 2018; Wong et al., 2013).”
BackgroundNursing leadership and management in home care: A qualitative scoping review
Jordal, K., Vibeke, S., & Tønnessen, S. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13872 · Cited by 26
Palvimo, T., Vauhkonen, A., & Hult, M. (2023) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1155/2023/4289450 · Cited by 38
“A major determinant in work-related health outcomes in nurses is leadership, and the favourable efects of positive leadership styles are well known [34–36].”
Kida, R., Togari, T., Yumoto, Y., & Ogata, Y. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13174 · Cited by 25
Duignan, M., Drennan, J., & Carthy, V. J. C. M. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13189 · Cited by 27
Leadership styles' influence on ICU nurses' quality of professional life: A cross‐sectional study
Cosentino, C., Luca, E. D., Sulla, F., Uccelli, S., Sarli, L., & Artioli, G. (2021) · Nursing in Critical Care · doi:10.1111/nicc.12738 · Cited by 25
What are the Barriers to Effective Nurse Leadership? A Review
Hughes, V. (2018) · ATHENS JOURNAL OF HEALTH & MEDICAL SCIENCES · doi:10.30958/ajh.5-1-1 · Cited by 25
Taylor, C., Maben, J., Jagosh, J., Carrieri, D., Briscoe, S., Klepacz, N. A., & Mattick, K. L. (2024) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2023-016468 · Cited by 25
“Managers having a relational leadership style, 153 listening and offering kindness and spaces to be heard can reinforce that staff are valued and their experiences are valid and recognised, and help staff to recover and feel less alone 154 (CMO25).”
Shuman, C. J., & Costa, D. K. (2020) · American Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.4037/ajcc2020421 · Cited by 24
Zappalà, S., Toscano, F., Polevaya, M. V., & Kamneva, E. V. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12615 · Cited by 24
Oti, N. O. O., de Villiers, M., Adejumo, P. O., Okumu, R., Maliti, B., Elkateb, N., & Hammad, N. (2021) · ecancermedicalscience · doi:10.3332/ecancer.2021.1209 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Cummings, G. G., Tate, K., Lee, S., Wong, C. A., Paananen, T., Micaroni, S. P. M., & Chatterjee, G. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Western University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Cummings, Greta G.
- Venue
- International Journal of Nursing Studies
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-09
- Volume
- 85
- Pages
- 19-60
- ISSN
- 0020-7489 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4233451756
- Semantic Scholar
- abb240e891ac6787579d92c4e1d6d3fdda213ec1
- Cited by
- 637
- References
- 378
- Citations by year
- 2026: 132 · 2025: 122 · 2024: 104 · 2023: 78 · 2022: 75 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 12
- FWCI
- 5.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Nursing Studies (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Arizona (1 RO1-NU00908)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Nursing education and management
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Leadership and Management › Healthcare Education and Workforce Issues
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Issues, ethics and legal aspects › Nursing Education, Practice, and Leadership
- Keywords
- leadership styles, relational leadership, nursing workforce, nursing work environment, nursing satisfaction, nurse retention, nurse well-being, staff relationships, organizational context, nursing productivity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
