A general quantitative cryptanalysis of permutation-only multimedia ciphers against plaintext attacks
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Every permutation-only multimedia encryption scheme acting on a plaintext of size M×N can be represented as a permutation matrix W over the M×N position grid, regardless of the permuted element values.
“no matter what the permuted elements of multimedia data are, all permutationonly multimedia encryption schemes on a plaintext of size M × N can be represented as”
From Optimal quantitative cryptanalysis of permutation-only multimedia ciphers against plaintext attacks (2011) · cites this paper as [20]
Substituting n0 with ⌈log_L(MN)⌉, the attack complexity becomes O(⌈log_L(MN)⌉·MN), which is much lower than the O(⌈log_L(MN)⌉·MN2) estimated in [20].
“Substitute n 0 with ⌈ log L ( MN ) ⌉ , the complexity becomes O ( ⌈ log L ( MN ) ⌉· MN ), which is lower much than O ( ⌈ log L ( MN ) ⌉ · MN 2 ), the whole attack complexity estimated in [20].”
From Optimal quantitative cryptanalysis of permutation-only multimedia ciphers against plaintext attacks (2011) · cites this paper as [20]
Any permutation-only multimedia encryption scheme acting on a plaintext of size M×N can be efficiently broken with O(⌈log_L(MN)⌉) known/chosen plaintexts.
“we can conclude that any permutation-only multimedia encryption schemes exerting on plaintext of size M × N can be efficiently broken with O ( ⌈ log L ( MN ) ⌉ ) known/chosen-plaintexts”
From Optimal quantitative cryptanalysis of permutation-only multimedia ciphers against plaintext attacks (2011) · cites this paper as [20]
A general algorithm for obtaining the permutation matrix by comparing the values of elements of some plaintexts and corresponding ciphertexts was proposed in [20].
“Since that the secret permutation does not change the values of the permuted elements, a general algorithm was proposed in [20] for obtaining the permutation matrix by comparing the values of the elements of some plaintexts and the corresponding ciphertexts.”
From Optimal quantitative cryptanalysis of permutation-only multimedia ciphers against plaintext attacks (2011) · cites this paper as [20]
The flat slopes for n0 ≥ 25 are due to the negative impact of strong redundancy in natural images, such as neighboring pixels' MSBs being the same with high probability.
“This is due to the negative impact incurred by the strong redundancy in natural images such as the MSBs of neighboring pixels are the same with a high probability.”
From Optimal quantitative cryptanalysis of permutation-only multimedia ciphers against plaintext attacks (2011) · cites this paper as [20]
Permutation-only multimedia encryption can be broken with only O(⌈log_L(MN)⌉) known/chosen plaintexts, where L is the number of different elements in the plaintext.
“Then it was analyzed that permutation-only multimedia encryption can be broken with only O ( ⌈ log L ( MN ) ⌉ ) known/chosen plaintexts, where L is the number of different elements in the plaintext.”
From Optimal quantitative cryptanalysis of permutation-only multimedia ciphers against plaintext attacks (2011) · cites this paper as [20]
The intersection operations of Step 2 in the prior attack make its computational complexity O(n0·MN2).
“The operations in Step 2 make the computational complexity of the above attack become O ( n 0 · MN 2 ).”
From Optimal quantitative cryptanalysis of permutation-only multimedia ciphers against plaintext attacks (2011) · cites this paper as [20]
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“Depending on the fact that the secret permutation does not change the values of the permuted elements, a general algorithm was proposed in [18] for obtaining the permutation matrix by comparing the values of the elements of some plaintexts and the corresponding ciphertexts.”
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- Authors
- Li, S., Li, C., Chen, G., Bourbakis, N. G., & Lo, K.-T.
- Affiliations
- FernUniversität in Hagen (DE)
- City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Wright State University (US)
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Shujun
- Venue
- Signal Processing: Image Communication
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 212-223
- ISSN
- 0923-5965 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2008604527
- Semantic Scholar
- 76ee09609f14e2e659ece8674ab50fcde7826f75
- Cited by
- 324
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 19.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Signal Processing Image Communication (publishedVersion)
- PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (5232/06E, G-YX63)
- Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
- Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (523206)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Cryptographic Implementations and Security
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Computer Science and Engineering
- Keywords
- multimedia encryption, known-plaintext attack, chosen-plaintext attack, attack complexity, information hiding
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